// Word-formation practice — B2 English. // Source: word_formation_tests_B2-2.docx (Irina Kostyukovich · t.me/irikosenglish). // Only data from that file is used here — sentences, base words, accepted answers, // and BrE/AmE alternates from the notes at the end of the document. const ITEMS = [ // ============================================================ // TEST 1 — Sound-Alike Suffixes (-ENT/-ANT · -ENCE/-ANCE) // ============================================================ { id:"t1q1", sentence:"My younger brother is finally ___ enough to walk to school on his own.", base:"INDEPENDENCE", answer:"independent", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q2", sentence:"This jacket is completely ___ to rain, so I can wear it all winter.", base:"RESIST", answer:"resistant", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q3", sentence:"Anna is one of the most ___ students in our class — she reads constantly.", base:"INTELLIGENCE", answer:"intelligent", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q4", sentence:"The young actor's first ___ on stage was a real success.", base:"APPEAR", answer:"appearance", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q5", sentence:"These photos are not ___ to the article we are writing.", base:"RELEVANCE", answer:"relevant", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q6", sentence:"We have an ___ supply of fresh fruit from the garden every summer.", base:"ABUNDANCE", answer:"abundant", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q7", sentence:"The teacher gave us some useful ___ on writing the essay.", base:"GUIDE", answer:"guidance", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q8", sentence:"Good ___ at school is important — try not to miss too many lessons.", base:"ATTEND", answer:"attendance", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q9", sentence:"We discussed the ___ of recycling for the future of our planet.", base:"IMPORTANT", answer:"importance", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q10", sentence:"The shop ___ helped me find the right size very quickly.", base:"ASSIST", answer:"assistant", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q11", sentence:"There is no ___ that he was at the party last night.", base:"EVIDENT", answer:"evidence", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q12", sentence:"The strange ___ in the forest scared the children.", base:"OCCUR", answer:"occurrence", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q13", sentence:"Mike works as a foreign ___ for a British newspaper in Moscow.", base:"CORRESPOND", answer:"correspondent", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q14", sentence:"The doctors confirmed her ___ as a healthy baby girl.", base:"EXIST", answer:"existence", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q15", sentence:"The teacher noticed her ___ improvement in English over the term.", base:"BRILLIANCE", answer:"brilliant", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q16", sentence:"Loud music from the flat above was a real ___ all evening.", base:"ANNOY", answer:"annoyance", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q17", sentence:"The accident happened in the ___ of several witnesses.", base:"PRESENT", answer:"presence", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q18", sentence:"He spoke with great ___ during his presentation to the class.", base:"CONFIDENT", answer:"confidence", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q19", sentence:"There is a clear ___ between the two paintings if you look closely.", base:"DIFFERENT", answer:"difference", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q20", sentence:"Please be ___ — the bus will be here in five minutes.", base:"PATIENCE", answer:"patient", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q21", sentence:"The teacher always notices when a student is ___ from class.", base:"ABSENCE", answer:"absent", alts:[], category:"t1" }, { id:"t1q22", sentence:"The teacher asked the class to be completely ___ during the test.", base:"SILENCE", answer:"silent", alts:[], category:"t1" }, // ============================================================ // TEST 2 — Noun-Forming Suffixes (-TION/-SION/-CIAN · -ITY/-ETY · -ACY) // ============================================================ { id:"t2q1", sentence:"The loud ___ shook the windows of every house in the street.", base:"EXPLODE", answer:"explosion", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q2", sentence:"You need written ___ from a parent to go on the school trip.", base:"PERMIT", answer:"permission", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q3", sentence:"After a long ___, the class voted to organise a charity concert.", base:"DISCUSS", answer:"discussion", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q4", sentence:"Making the right ___ about your future is never easy.", base:"DECIDE", answer:"decision", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q5", sentence:"The company is planning a big ___ into European markets.", base:"EXPAND", answer:"expansion", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q6", sentence:"When my watch broke, I took it to a ___ in the shopping centre.", base:"TECHNICAL", answer:"technician", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q7", sentence:"My uncle is a famous ___ — he has played in three orchestras.", base:"MUSIC", answer:"musician", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q8", sentence:"Harry Houdini was the most famous ___ of the early 20th century.", base:"MAGIC", answer:"magician", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q9", sentence:"After winning the election, she became one of the youngest ___ in the country.", base:"POLITICS", answer:"politicians", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q10", sentence:"An ___ came to fix the broken lights in our kitchen.", base:"ELECTRIC", answer:"electrician", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q11", sentence:"Pay close ___ to the new vocabulary in the text.", base:"ATTEND", answer:"attention", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q12", sentence:"Tom showed great ___ at football from an early age.", base:"ABLE", answer:"ability", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q13", sentence:"We can no longer take our ___ for granted in the digital age.", base:"PRIVATE", answer:"privacy", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q14", sentence:"The teacher asked us to check the ___ of our answers carefully.", base:"ACCURATE", answer:"accuracy", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q15", sentence:"Travelling abroad gives you the ___ to learn about other cultures.", base:"OPPORTUNE", answer:"opportunity", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q16", sentence:"The film deals with the ___ of growing up in a small town.", base:"REAL", answer:"reality", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q17", sentence:"The supermarket sells a wide ___ of cheeses from around the world.", base:"VARIOUS", answer:"variety", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q18", sentence:"Her dream is to live in a ___ where everyone is treated equally.", base:"SOCIAL", answer:"society", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q19", sentence:"The ___ between the two languages is sometimes surprising.", base:"SIMILAR", answer:"similarity", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q20", sentence:"The team won the match by a ___ of three goals.", base:"MAJOR", answer:"majority", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q21", sentence:"Many families are struggling with ___ this year.", base:"POOR", answer:"poverty", alts:[], category:"t2" }, { id:"t2q22", sentence:"The school is famous for its ___ to the local community.", base:"GENEROUS", answer:"generosity", alts:[], category:"t2" }, // ============================================================ // TEST 3 — Adjective & Place Suffixes (-ABLE/-IBLE · -ERY/-ARY) // ============================================================ { id:"t3q1", sentence:"Our new babysitter is honest, kind and totally ___.", base:"DEPEND", answer:"dependable", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q2", sentence:"Children should learn to be ___ for their own pets.", base:"RESPOND", answer:"responsible", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q3", sentence:"Yoga teachers are usually very ___, even in difficult poses.", base:"FLEX", answer:"flexible", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q4", sentence:"The umbrella is small and ___, so it fits in any bag.", base:"COLLAPSE", answer:"collapsible", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q5", sentence:"The change in her mood was barely ___ at first.", base:"NOTICE", answer:"noticeable", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q6", sentence:"British weather is famously ___, even in summer.", base:"CHANGE", answer:"changeable", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q7", sentence:"With careful planning, even a small budget can be ___.", base:"MANAGE", answer:"manageable", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q8", sentence:"Our history teacher is incredibly ___ about ancient Rome.", base:"KNOWLEDGE", answer:"knowledgeable", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q9", sentence:"The mountain hut is ___ only on foot.", base:"ACCESS", answer:"accessible", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q10", sentence:"The library is ___ to everyone with a school card.", base:"AVAIL", answer:"available", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q11", sentence:"The car was sold as a ___ for sunny weekend drives.", base:"CONVERT", answer:"convertible", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q12", sentence:"The teacher's request was perfectly ___ — finish the essay by Friday.", base:"REASON", answer:"reasonable", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q13", sentence:"The chocolate cake she made was absolutely ___.", base:"ENJOY", answer:"enjoyable", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q14", sentence:"Her grandmother's stories were always ___ and exciting.", base:"BELIEVE", answer:"believable", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q15", sentence:"He gave us a ___ excuse for being late to class.", base:"ACCEPT", answer:"acceptable", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q16", sentence:"The ___ on the corner makes the best bread in town.", base:"BAKE", answer:"bakery", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q17", sentence:"The children's ___ at the hospital is bright and full of toys.", base:"NURSE", answer:"nursery", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q18", sentence:"The small ___ on Main Street has been making beer for fifty years.", base:"BREW", answer:"brewery", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q19", sentence:"After dinner we walked through the lovely ___ behind the castle.", base:"SCENE", answer:"scenery", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q20", sentence:"As a thank you, please accept a ___ drink on the house.", base:"COMPLIMENT", answer:"complimentary", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q21", sentence:"The wine and cheese were perfectly ___ to each other.", base:"COMPLEMENT", answer:"complementary", alts:[], category:"t3" }, { id:"t3q22", sentence:"The car was ___ in heavy traffic for nearly an hour.", base:"STATION", answer:"stationary", alts:[], category:"t3" }, // ============================================================ // TEST 4 — Verb-Forming & Suffix-Altered (-ISE/-IZE · -IFY · -FUL · -LY) // ============================================================ { id:"t4q1", sentence:"The shop spent a lot of money to ___ its summer sale.", base:"ADVERTISEMENT", answer:"advertise", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q2", sentence:"I would ___ you to take an umbrella — it might rain later.", base:"ADVICE", answer:"advise", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q3", sentence:"His unusual gift completely ___ her on her birthday.", base:"SURPRISE", answer:"surprised", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q4", sentence:"Sarah has been ___ at the gym every morning.", base:"EXERCISE", answer:"exercising", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q5", sentence:"The engineer had to ___ a new way to fix the bridge.", base:"DEVICE", answer:"devise", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q6", sentence:"The captain's job is to ___ the work of the whole crew.", base:"SUPERVISION", answer:"supervise", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q7", sentence:"Can you ___ the rules for the younger children?", base:"SIMPLE", answer:"simplify", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q8", sentence:"The professor used examples to ___ his main idea.", base:"CLEAR", answer:"clarify", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q9", sentence:"He answered all the questions ___ and got the highest mark.", base:"CORRECT", answer:"correctly", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q10", sentence:"The sunset over the mountains was absolutely ___.", base:"BEAUTY", answer:"beautiful", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q11", sentence:"She was very ___ to her parents for their support.", base:"GRATITUDE", answer:"grateful", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q12", sentence:"Their school trip to Italy was hugely ___.", base:"SUCCESS", answer:"successful", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q13", sentence:"Our new coach is ___ at teaching beginners.", base:"SKILL", answer:"skilful", alts:["skillful"], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q14", sentence:"I always try to ___ my promises to my friends.", base:"FULFILMENT", answer:"fulfil", alts:["fulfill"], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q15", sentence:"Be ___ when you cross the road — drivers don't always stop.", base:"CARE", answer:"careful", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q16", sentence:"She worked ___ hard to get into a top university.", base:"REAL", answer:"really", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q17", sentence:"He broke the glass ___ while washing the dishes.", base:"ACCIDENT", answer:"accidentally", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q18", sentence:"The choir sang ___ at the school concert last night.", base:"BEAUTIFUL", answer:"beautifully", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q19", sentence:"___ speaking, the test was easier than I expected.", base:"HONEST", answer:"honestly", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q20", sentence:"The shop assistant didn't ___ me without my glasses.", base:"RECOGNITION", answer:"recognise", alts:["recognize"], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q21", sentence:"He spoke ___ at the meeting about the new rules.", base:"PUBLIC", answer:"publicly", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q22", sentence:"She danced ___ in front of everyone — she just loved the music.", base:"HAPPY", answer:"happily", alts:[], category:"t4" }, { id:"t4q23", sentence:"The team ___ deserved to win the championship.", base:"WHOLE", answer:"wholly", alts:[], category:"t4" }, // ============================================================ // TEST 5 — Doubling, Dropping & Hard Cases // ============================================================ { id:"t5q1", sentence:"In her last lesson, the teacher ___ to several interesting articles.", base:"REFER", answer:"referred", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q2", sentence:"Three small accidents ___ on the same road last week.", base:"OCCUR", answer:"occurred", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q3", sentence:"The children spent the afternoon ___ in the park near the school.", base:"PICNIC", answer:"picnicking", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q4", sentence:"Everyone started ___ when the fire alarm went off.", base:"PANIC", answer:"panicking", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q5", sentence:"After a long day at work, she felt ___ to be back home.", base:"HAPPY", answer:"happier", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q6", sentence:"Despite the rain, the kids ___ every minute of the camping trip.", base:"ENJOY", answer:"enjoyed", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q7", sentence:"They spent a peaceful Sunday ___ down the river.", base:"CANOE", answer:"canoeing", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q8", sentence:"The portrait was painted by an ___ Russian artist long ago.", base:"AGE", answer:"ageing", alts:["aging"], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q9", sentence:"The artist was ___ a silk scarf in deep blue.", base:"DYE", answer:"dyeing", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q10", sentence:"The two friends spent hours ___ about which film to watch.", base:"ARGUE", answer:"arguing", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q11", sentence:"The family spent three months ___ around Europe by train.", base:"TRAVEL", answer:"travelling", alts:["traveling"], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q12", sentence:"Even after years in London, his ___ of some words is still funny.", base:"PRONOUNCE", answer:"pronunciation", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q13", sentence:"After a long ___ with my brother, we finally agreed.", base:"ARGUE", answer:"argument", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q14", sentence:"Anna came ___ in the school race, just behind her best friend.", base:"NINE", answer:"ninth", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q15", sentence:"The film was so ___ that I couldn't watch it to the end.", base:"AWE", answer:"awful", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q16", sentence:"He kept his ___ even when everyone around him was shouting.", base:"WISE", answer:"wisdom", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q17", sentence:"We waited for hours for the manager's ___ of our complaint.", base:"ACKNOWLEDGE", answer:"acknowledgement", alts:["acknowledgment"], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q18", sentence:"The little boys gave their mum a ___ smile after their prank.", base:"MISCHIEF", answer:"mischievous", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q19", sentence:"The new schedule will ___ make life easier for everyone.", base:"DEFINITE", answer:"definitely", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q20", sentence:"Tom and his sister have completely ___ tastes in music.", base:"SEPARATION", answer:"separate", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q21", sentence:"I see my old friends only ___ these days.", base:"OCCASION", answer:"occasionally", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q22", sentence:"Children from rich families often grow up in a ___ world.", base:"PRIVILEGE", answer:"privileged", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q23", sentence:"She bought a new dress ___ for the school ball.", base:"SPECIAL", answer:"specially", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q24", sentence:"After running for an hour, she felt ___ tired.", base:"COMPLETE", answer:"completely", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q25", sentence:"The little girl was ___ at the magic show.", base:"AMAZE", answer:"amazed", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q26", sentence:"The car keys are ___ kept in the second drawer.", base:"USUAL", answer:"usually", alts:[], category:"t5" }, { id:"t5q27", sentence:"He always behaves very ___ in front of his grandparents.", base:"POLITE", answer:"politely", alts:[], category:"t5" }, // ============================================================ // EGE Wildlife — Word Formation (tasks 25–29) // Source: EGE_WordFormation_25-29_Wildlife.pdf // 4 variants × 5 items // ============================================================ // В1 · Russian wildlife (The Russian Brown Bear) { id:"wlfwf_1_25", sentence:"The Russian brown bear is famous for its size, but even more for its incredible ___.", base:"STRONG", answer:"strength", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_1_26", sentence:"Modern reserves provide vital ___ for hundreds of these animals across Siberia.", base:"PROTECT", answer:"protection", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_1_27", sentence:"Despite their reputation as fierce predators, brown bears very rarely show ___ behaviour towards people who keep a safe distance.", base:"AGGRESSION", answer:"aggressive", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_1_28", sentence:"Trained zoologists work ___ in the field, observing the bears in their natural habitat for many months in a row.", base:"SCIENCE", answer:"scientifically", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_1_29", sentence:"Across the country, professional ___ no longer pose the main threat — climate change and habitat loss now do.", base:"HUNT", answer:"hunters", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, // В2 · National parks (The Baikal Nature Reserve) { id:"wlfwf_2_25", sentence:"Lake Baikal is surrounded by an unspoilt ___ that supports thousands of plant and animal species.", base:"WILD", answer:"wilderness", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_2_26", sentence:"___ studies of the area began in the late 19th century and continue to this day.", base:"BIOLOGY", answer:"biological", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_2_27", sentence:"Every year, thousands of ___ come from around the world to enjoy the scenery and observe rare animals.", base:"VISIT", answer:"visitors", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_2_28", sentence:"Without strict protection laws, many native species would face ___, just like several already lost from the region.", base:"EXTINCT", answer:"extinction", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_2_29", sentence:"Today, the ___ borders of the reserve attract scientists and tourists alike.", base:"NORTH", answer:"northern", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, // В3 · Rare species (The Amur Leopard) { id:"wlfwf_3_25", sentence:"The Amur leopard is known for its ___ — only about a hundred individuals remain in the wild today.", base:"RARE", answer:"rarity", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_3_26", sentence:"Russian ___ have studied these elusive cats for many decades, mostly through camera traps.", base:"NATURE", answer:"naturalists", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_3_27", sentence:"___ hunting was the main reason behind the dramatic fall in numbers during the last century.", base:"LEGAL", answer:"illegal", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_3_28", sentence:"The species is highly ___, with each cat patrolling its own territory of fifty square kilometres or more.", base:"DEPEND", answer:"independent", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_3_29", sentence:"International conservation programmes now offer real hope for the long-term ___ of this magnificent predator.", base:"SURVIVE", answer:"survival", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, // В4 · Polar animals (Animals of the Arctic) { id:"wlfwf_4_25", sentence:"Polar animals must endure long winter conditions that few other creatures could tolerate. During the polar ___ that lasts for months, they must adapt to constant night.", base:"DARK", answer:"darkness", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_4_26", sentence:"Some, like the Arctic fox, even hunt in ___ conditions, walking long distances over thin ice.", base:"DANGER", answer:"dangerous", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_4_27", sentence:"Their thick fur is highly ___ for camouflage and insulation against the wind.", base:"USE", answer:"useful", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_4_28", sentence:"The polar bear is ___ more powerful than its southern cousins and can swim across vast stretches of ocean without rest.", base:"ENORMOUS", answer:"enormously", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, { id:"wlfwf_4_29", sentence:"By the end of the ___ century, however, hunting and pollution had pushed many polar species close to disaster.", base:"NINETEEN", answer:"nineteenth", alts:[], category:"wlf_wf" }, // ============================================================ // EGE Wildlife — Grammar (tasks 19–24) // Source: EGE_Grammar_19-24_Wildlife.pdf // 4 variants × 6 items // ============================================================ // В1 · The Russian Brown Bear { id:"wlfgr_1_19", sentence:"The Russian brown bear ___ for an enormous size and a powerful build, often weighing up to 600 kilograms.", base:"KNOW", answer:"is known", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_1_20", sentence:"This animal is one of the ___ predators in northern Eurasia.", base:"LARGE", answer:"largest", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_1_21", sentence:"Russian folklore ___ the bear a wise teacher and a symbol of the forest.", base:"MAKE", answer:"made", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_1_22", sentence:"Even with such a heavy body, the bear can hide ___ in dense taiga and move silently between the trees.", base:"IT", answer:"itself", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_1_23", sentence:"For more than a hundred years, wildlife biologists ___ this species across the country.", base:"STUDY", answer:"have studied", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_1_24", sentence:"While European hunters ___ the population throughout the 19th century, Russian peasants traditionally avoided harming bears.", base:"REDUCE", answer:"were reducing", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, // В2 · The Baikal Nature Reserve { id:"wlfgr_2_19", sentence:"The Baikal Nature Reserve, located on the southern shore of the famous Russian lake, ___ in 1969 to preserve a unique ecosystem.", base:"ESTABLISH", answer:"was established", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_2_20", sentence:"When UNESCO ___ the lake World Heritage status in 1996, the reserve gained even greater international recognition.", base:"GIVE", answer:"gave", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_2_21", sentence:"Travellers from around the world come here because this is one of the ___ corners of the entire planet.", base:"BEAUTIFUL", answer:"most beautiful", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_2_22", sentence:"___ ancient forests and crystal waters of the lake are home to over 2,500 animal species, more than half of which exist nowhere else on Earth.", base:"THAT", answer:"Those", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_2_23", sentence:"By 2020, scientists ___ several new endemic species in the reserve.", base:"IDENTIFY", answer:"had identified", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_2_24", sentence:"Today, grey ___, lynxes and sables roam freely through the protected territory.", base:"WOLF", answer:"wolves", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, // В3 · The Amur Leopard { id:"wlfgr_3_19", sentence:"The Amur leopard, native to the Russian Far East, is the rarest big cat on Earth. In 2007, only 30 individuals ___ in the wild during the official census.", base:"COUNT", answer:"were counted", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_3_20", sentence:"___ than a hundred animals survive in the region today, even after years of intensive protection.", base:"FEW", answer:"Fewer", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_3_21", sentence:"The population ___ rapidly throughout the twentieth century because of poaching and the destruction of natural forests.", base:"DECLINE", answer:"declined", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_3_22", sentence:"Each leopard, ___ with a unique pattern of dark spots, can be recognised individually by camera trap images.", base:"COVER", answer:"covered", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_3_23", sentence:"Currently, the numbers ___ slowly thanks to international conservation programmes.", base:"GROW", answer:"are growing", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_3_24", sentence:"Modern technology now makes ___ these elusive cats far easier than before.", base:"PHOTOGRAPH", answer:"photographing", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, // В4 · Animals of the Arctic { id:"wlfgr_4_19", sentence:"Throughout history, polar animals ___ to some of the harshest conditions on Earth, where temperatures can drop below minus fifty degrees.", base:"ADAPT", answer:"have adapted", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_4_20", sentence:"Many of these species are becoming far ___ today than they were even a generation ago.", base:"ENDANGERED", answer:"more endangered", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_4_21", sentence:"A century ago, the Arctic fox ___ all across northern Russia, but today the species occupies a much smaller range.", base:"SEE", answer:"was seen", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_4_22", sentence:"The polar bear is famous for ___ across long distances of icy water in search of food.", base:"SWIM", answer:"swimming", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_4_23", sentence:"If sea ice continued to melt at the current speed, polar bears ___ to find new hunting grounds within decades.", base:"STRUGGLE", answer:"would struggle", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, { id:"wlfgr_4_24", sentence:"Vast flocks of ___ also migrate to the Arctic every spring, finding shelter on remote islands.", base:"GOOSE", answer:"geese", alts:[], category:"wlf_gr" }, // ============================================================ // Irregular Word Formation — Reference + Exercises // Source: Irregular_Word_Formation.pdf // 5 exercises × 10 items // ============================================================ // Exercise 1 { id:"irr_1_1", sentence:"The Olympic swimmer has incredible ___ in the water.", base:"STRONG", answer:"strength", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_1_2", sentence:"Scientists need to ___ data carefully before drawing conclusions.", base:"ANALYSIS", answer:"analyse", alts:["analyze"], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_1_3", sentence:"The ___ of the new shopping centre took three years.", base:"CONSTRUCT", answer:"construction", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_1_4", sentence:"She took a deep ___ before diving into the pool.", base:"BREATHE", answer:"breath", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_1_5", sentence:"The ___ between the two cities is about 200 kilometres.", base:"DISTANT", answer:"distance", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_1_6", sentence:"His ___ in the project was unexpected.", base:"SUCCEED", answer:"success", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_1_7", sentence:"The doctor gave him some useful ___ about his diet.", base:"ADVISE", answer:"advice", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_1_8", sentence:"The hotel ___ was very friendly and helpful.", base:"RECEIVE", answer:"receptionist", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_1_9", sentence:"Freedom of ___ is a fundamental human right.", base:"SPEAK", answer:"speech", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_1_10", sentence:"The ___ of the river at this point is over 50 metres.", base:"WIDE", answer:"width", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, // Exercise 2 { id:"irr_2_1", sentence:"The company's ___ of electricity has increased dramatically.", base:"CONSUME", answer:"consumption", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_2_2", sentence:"He wrote a detailed ___ of the events that took place.", base:"DESCRIBE", answer:"description", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_2_3", sentence:"The ___ of new employees begins next Monday.", base:"INTRODUCE", answer:"introduction", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_2_4", sentence:"She made an important ___ about the future of the project.", base:"ASSUME", answer:"assumption", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_2_5", sentence:"The museum has an impressive ___ of ancient artefacts.", base:"EXHIBIT", answer:"exhibition", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_2_6", sentence:"The ___ of the building was completed ahead of schedule.", base:"EXTEND", answer:"extension", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_2_7", sentence:"His ___ to succeed drove him to work harder.", base:"INTEND", answer:"intention", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_2_8", sentence:"You need special ___ to enter this area.", base:"PERMIT", answer:"permission", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_2_9", sentence:"The ___ of data across the network is encrypted.", base:"TRANSMIT", answer:"transmission", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_2_10", sentence:"There is a strong ___ between diet and health.", base:"CONNECT", answer:"connection", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, // Exercise 3 { id:"irr_3_1", sentence:"The ___ of the ocean in this area reaches 3,000 metres.", base:"DEEP", answer:"depth", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_3_2", sentence:"She felt enormous ___ when her team won the championship.", base:"PROUD", answer:"pride", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_3_3", sentence:"The ___ of the new policy was met with some resistance.", base:"PROPOSE", answer:"proposal", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_3_4", sentence:"It was difficult to make a ___ between the two options.", base:"CHOOSE", answer:"choice", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_3_5", sentence:"The children showed great ___ in their grandfather.", base:"BELIEVE", answer:"belief", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_3_6", sentence:"He suffered from a serious ___ of sleep.", base:"LOSE", answer:"loss", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_3_7", sentence:"The company aims to increase ___ by 20% this year.", base:"PRODUCE", answer:"production", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_3_8", sentence:"The ___ offered excellent views of the city.", base:"HIGH", answer:"height", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_3_9", sentence:"We need to pay close ___ to the details.", base:"ATTEND", answer:"attention", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_3_10", sentence:"The ___ rate in the country has been steadily declining.", base:"DIE", answer:"death", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, // Exercise 4 { id:"irr_4_1", sentence:"The building's ___ is quite impressive from the outside.", base:"APPEAR", answer:"appearance", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_4_2", sentence:"Regular ___ exercises can help reduce stress.", base:"BREATHE", answer:"breathing", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_4_3", sentence:"The artist's latest ___ is on display at the gallery.", base:"COMPOSE", answer:"composition", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_4_4", sentence:"His ___ to admit his mistake surprised everyone.", base:"REFUSE", answer:"refusal", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_4_5", sentence:"The ___ of new technology has transformed the industry.", base:"INTRODUCE", answer:"introduction", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_4_6", sentence:"She showed great ___ in handling the difficult situation.", base:"WISE", answer:"wisdom", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_4_7", sentence:"The ___ of local traditions is important for cultural identity.", base:"MAINTAIN", answer:"maintenance", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_4_8", sentence:"The judge made a fair ___ in the case.", base:"DECIDE", answer:"decision", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_4_9", sentence:"There was a brief ___ of service due to technical issues.", base:"SUSPEND", answer:"suspension", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_4_10", sentence:"The ___ of the disease depends on early diagnosis.", base:"TREAT", answer:"treatment", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, // Exercise 5 { id:"irr_5_1", sentence:"The ___ of youth unemployment is a serious concern.", base:"GROW", answer:"growth", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_5_2", sentence:"He received a warm ___ at the conference.", base:"RECEIVE", answer:"reception", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_5_3", sentence:"The ___ of the new law caused widespread debate.", base:"IMPOSE", answer:"imposition", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_5_4", sentence:"She felt a sense of ___ after finishing the marathon.", base:"ACHIEVE", answer:"achievement", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_5_5", sentence:"The company's ___ strategy focuses on emerging markets.", base:"EXPAND", answer:"expansion", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_5_6", sentence:"His ___ about the project proved to be correct.", base:"ASSUME", answer:"assumption", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_5_7", sentence:"The ___ of the river is perfect for swimming.", base:"WARM", answer:"warmth", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_5_8", sentence:"The ___ between supply and demand affects prices.", base:"RELATE", answer:"relationship", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_5_9", sentence:"She gave a clear ___ of the company's goals.", base:"STATE", answer:"statement", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, { id:"irr_5_10", sentence:"The ___ of the young athlete was remarkable.", base:"STRONG", answer:"strength", alts:[], category:"irr_wf" }, // ============================================================ // EGE Russia — Multiple Choice (tasks 30–36) // Source: EGE_MultipleChoice_30-36_Russia.pdf // type: "mc" · choose one of 4 options · `answer` is the correct option text // 4 variants × 7 items // ============================================================ // В1 · Russian history — The Patriotic War of 1812 { id:"mcru_1_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"In June 1812, Napoleon's Grand Army crossed the Russian border and ___ deep into the country, expecting a quick victory.", choices:["advanced","approached","achieved","acquired"], answer:"advanced", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_1_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Kutuzov chose to ___ open battle whenever possible.", choices:["refuse","avoid","deny","escape"], answer:"avoid", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_1_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ many of his officers were eager to attack, Kutuzov understood that the vast Russian territory and the harsh climate were powerful allies.", choices:["However","Despite","Although","Otherwise"], answer:"Although", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_1_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"At Borodino in early September, the two armies finally clashed, and both sides ___ enormous losses.", choices:["endured","received","accepted","suffered"], answer:"suffered", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_1_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The French emperor waited for the tsar to give ___ to his demands, yet no message of surrender ever came.", choices:["in","up","over","out"], answer:"in", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_1_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The cold, hunger and constant Cossack attacks ___ destroyed the Grand Army during the long march back home.", choices:["hardly","nearly","rarely","really"], answer:"nearly", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_1_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Kutuzov's strategy ___ Russia from foreign occupation and changed European history forever.", choices:["defended","protected","saved","freed"], answer:"saved", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, // В2 · Russian geography — The Trans-Siberian Railway { id:"mcru_2_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The Trans-Siberian Railway, completed in 1916, ___ Moscow with Vladivostok over a distance of more than 9,200 kilometres.", choices:["confirms","connects","consists","contains"], answer:"connects", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_2_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ travel by plane is now much faster, many tourists still choose the train because it offers an unforgettable experience across the entire continent.", choices:["Despite","Therefore","Even though","Otherwise"], answer:"Even though", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_2_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The route ___ through eight different time zones, dense forests, and the famous Lake Baikal region.", choices:["flies","walks","drives","passes"], answer:"passes", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_2_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Travellers can get ___ at any major stop along the way, but most prefer to ride from Moscow all the way to the Pacific Ocean.", choices:["off","up","on","into"], answer:"off", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_2_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ from the breathtaking landscapes, the journey provides a chance to meet people from various ethnic groups native to Siberia.", choices:["Far","Apart","Outside","Wide"], answer:"Apart", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_2_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The climate along the route can be extremely ___, especially in winter, when temperatures often drop below minus 40°C.", choices:["high","heavy","harsh","tall"], answer:"harsh", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_2_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Despite such challenging conditions, the railway continues to ___ thousands of passengers every month.", choices:["charm","welcome","invite","attract"], answer:"attract", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, // В3 · Russian inventions — The Russian Samovar { id:"mcru_3_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Its name literally ___ as \"self-boiler\" because the device generates its own heat from a central tube filled with burning charcoal or pine cones.", choices:["sounds","seems","means","translates"], answer:"translates", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_3_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The device ___ its own heat from a central tube filled with burning charcoal or pine cones.", choices:["generates","gathers","gains","gives"], answer:"generates", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_3_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Early samovars were ___ luxury items that only the rich could afford.", choices:["regarded","considered","viewed","seen"], answer:"considered", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_3_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"By the 19th century almost every Russian household, ___ social status, owned one.", choices:["according to","thanks to","regardless of","in spite of"], answer:"regardless of", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_3_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ in Western Europe people drank tea in cups served directly from a teapot, Russians developed their own special ritual.", choices:["However","Despite","Therefore","While"], answer:"While", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_3_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Each family member would ___ some strong tea concentrate (called zavarka) into a small glass and then dilute it with hot water from the samovar.", choices:["pour","drop","push","press"], answer:"pour", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_3_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Each family member would pour some strong tea concentrate into a small glass and then ___ it with hot water from the samovar.", choices:["drown","dilute","deepen","decrease"], answer:"dilute", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, // В4 · Russian inventors — Sergei Korolev { id:"mcru_4_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Sergei Korolev is the legendary Soviet chief designer who is widely held ___ for the success of the early Soviet space programme.", choices:["reliable","reasonable","responsible","ready"], answer:"responsible", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_4_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"As a young man, he was deeply ___ by the works of Konstantin Tsiolkovsky and dreamed of building rockets capable of reaching other planets.", choices:["interested","appealed","pleased","inspired"], answer:"inspired", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_4_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ Korolev had to spend several years in a Gulag camp during the Stalinist purges, he never gave up his vision.", choices:["Although","Despite","Even","Otherwise"], answer:"Although", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_4_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Korolev had to spend several years in a Gulag camp during the Stalinist purges, but he never gave ___ his vision.", choices:["over","up","in","away"], answer:"up", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_4_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Under his leadership, the country ___ a series of historic firsts: the launch of Sputnik in 1957, the first living creature in space, and the first manned spaceflight by Yuri Gagarin in 1961.", choices:["approached","advanced","achieved","acquired"], answer:"achieved", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_4_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Today, he is widely ___ the founding father of practical cosmonautics.", choices:["regarded","viewed","seen","called"], answer:"called", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, { id:"mcru_4_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He is widely called the founding father of practical cosmonautics, ___ the fact that his contribution was once a classified state secret.", choices:["despite","although","however","regardless"], answer:"despite", alts:[], category:"mc_ru" }, // ============================================================ // EGE Wildlife — Multiple Choice (tasks 30–36) // Source: EGE_MultipleChoice_30-36_Wildlife.pdf // 4 variants × 7 items // ============================================================ // В1 · Russian wildlife — The Russian Brown Bear { id:"mcwlf_1_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Few large mammals can ___ such respect across so many cultures.", choices:["command","order","demand","request"], answer:"command", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_1_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"After centuries of hunting, the population in some regions began to ___ during the 1990s thanks to government conservation programmes.", choices:["refuse","recover","recall","restore"], answer:"recover", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_1_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ poaching is completely stopped, the long-term future of the species cannot be guaranteed.", choices:["Although","Despite","Unless","Even though"], answer:"Unless", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_1_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Without protection, brown bears could even die ___ in certain remote regions.", choices:["up","down","over","out"], answer:"out", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_1_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Despite its reputation, the brown bear is far less ___ than people think, and attacks on humans are extremely rare.", choices:["fierce","eager","bold","stern"], answer:"fierce", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_1_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Loss of habitat and shrinking food supplies ___ a serious threat to the population today.", choices:["cause","pose","make","bring"], answer:"pose", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_1_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The fate of the species largely ___ on cooperation between scientists, foresters and local communities.", choices:["supports","trusts","depends","believes"], answer:"depends", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, // В2 · National parks — The Baikal Nature Reserve { id:"mcwlf_2_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The Baikal Nature Reserve is a perfect destination for those who want to ___ a real understanding of Russian wilderness.", choices:["gather","gain","grasp","grow"], answer:"gain", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_2_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ visitors stay on marked trails, they cannot harm the fragile ecosystem.", choices:["Even if","Although","Provided","Whenever"], answer:"Provided", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_2_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Many tourists are eager to ___ on long guided hikes that lead deep into ancient pine forests.", choices:["launch","start","depart","embark"], answer:"embark", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_2_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The panoramic ___ from the highest cliff spreads for over fifty kilometres.", choices:["view","sight","scenery","landscape"], answer:"view", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_2_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"People who plan a future trip to Baikal often look ___ to seeing the famous nerpa seal in its natural habitat.", choices:["ahead","forward","up","round"], answer:"forward", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_2_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The clear water of the lake is ___ pure that you can see down to a depth of forty metres.", choices:["very","such","so","too"], answer:"so", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_2_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Special programmes ___ awareness of conservation issues among local communities and schools.", choices:["rise","lift","build","raise"], answer:"raise", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, // В3 · Rare species — The Amur Leopard { id:"mcwlf_3_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"These leopards are ___ to the Russian Far East and northeast China.", choices:["born","located","native","original"], answer:"native", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_3_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The population ___ rapidly throughout the twentieth century because of habitat loss and poaching.", choices:["lessened","reduced","sank","declined"], answer:"declined", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_3_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Conservationists are working hard to bring this species ___ from the edge of extinction.", choices:["back","up","over","round"], answer:"back", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_3_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Each leopard requires a vast ___ of forest to find enough food.", choices:["extension","stretch","length","reach"], answer:"stretch", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_3_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ all the recent efforts, the leopard population is still smaller than scientists would like.", choices:["Although","However","Despite","Unless"], answer:"Despite", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_3_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Camera traps now allow scientists to monitor leopard movements ___ without disturbing them.", choices:["hardly","merely","firmly","remotely"], answer:"remotely", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_3_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"To save the species, biologists must come ___ with creative new methods of protection.", choices:["up","over","about","along"], answer:"up", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, // В4 · Polar animals — Animals of the Arctic { id:"mcwlf_4_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Polar animals must ___ extreme conditions that few other creatures can survive.", choices:["gain","feel","escape","endure"], answer:"endure", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_4_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The Arctic fox plays a ___ role in the polar food chain by limiting the numbers of small rodents.", choices:["vital","lively","busy","active"], answer:"vital", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_4_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When food becomes scarce in winter, the Arctic fox simply moves ___ to find better hunting grounds.", choices:["up","on","off","over"], answer:"on", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_4_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The harsh polar ___ has shaped these animals over thousands of years.", choices:["weather","season","climate","atmosphere"], answer:"climate", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_4_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The walrus uses thick layers of fat ___ the temperature falls to extreme lows.", choices:["although","unless","whenever","in case"], answer:"in case", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_4_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Climate change is gradually wiping ___ many of the natural ice corridors that polar bears rely on.", choices:["out","up","down","over"], answer:"out", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, { id:"mcwlf_4_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"If the situation does not improve, several polar species will run ___ of safe habitats by the middle of the century.", choices:["up","out","off","down"], answer:"out", alts:[], category:"mc_wlf" }, // ======================================================== // Unit 2 · Travel & Transport — EGE Grammar (19–24) // Source: Unit2_EGE_Sets_KEY.docx · 7 sets // ======================================================== { id:"trg_1_19", sentence:"Last summer my parents and I ___ absolutely determined to explore the Australian Outback.", base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_1_20", sentence:"My older sister had visited Uluru several years before, so we asked ___ for detailed advice.", base:"SHE", answer:"her", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_1_21", sentence:"Mum thought our preparation was ___ than hers had been ten years before, and Dad even bought four spare tyres.", base:"GOOD", answer:"better", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_1_22", sentence:"We pushed on to the ___ corners of the red desert.", base:"FAR", answer:"farthest", alts:["furthest"], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_1_23", sentence:"Some of the dusty tracks we used ___ until the 1980s.", base:"NOT BUILD", answer:"were not built", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_1_24", sentence:"Out there, even ___ know that a broken-down car can be dangerous.", base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_2_19", sentence:"When my grandmother was a girl in the 1960s, she ___ many stories about luxurious sleeper trains crossing the Alps.", base:"HEAR", answer:"had heard", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_2_20", sentence:"So ___ family decided to recreate that experience together last August.", base:"WE", answer:"our", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_2_21", sentence:"Modern Swiss trains run ___ than they used to — the new schedules felt almost too tight.", base:"EARLY", answer:"earlier", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_2_22", sentence:"Unfortunately, an irreplaceable souvenir ___ from our compartment on the second day.", base:"STEAL", answer:"was stolen", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_2_23", sentence:"Even so, the journey was so beautiful that the railway ___ a major design award for its panoramic windows that very year.", base:"WIN", answer:"won", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_2_24", sentence:"Several elegant ___ in the dining car spoke fluent French and German throughout the meal.", base:"WOMAN", answer:"women", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_3_19", sentence:"Then suddenly an old family friend ___ his arm in Tokyo and asked us to come and help.", base:"BREAK", answer:"broke", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_3_20", sentence:"As a result, ___ situation suddenly became our problem.", base:"THEY", answer:"their", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_3_21", sentence:"Tickets to Japan are some of the ___ expenses our family had ever faced.", base:"BIG", answer:"biggest", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_3_22", sentence:"I quickly learned that I ___ the airline staff before in Sheremetyevo, which calmed me down a little.", base:"MEET", answer:"had met", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_3_23", sentence:"Unfortunately, Mum ___ her power adapter, which caused trouble in the hotel.", base:"FORGET", answer:"forgot", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_3_24", sentence:"After fourteen hours of travel, my ___ were swollen and aching.", base:"FOOT", answer:"feet", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_4_19", sentence:"My grandparents ___ almost a year saving up for last summer's Mediterranean cruise.", base:"SPEND", answer:"spent", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_4_20", sentence:"Grandfather was very proud of ___ for managing the whole budget so carefully.", base:"HE", answer:"himself", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_4_21", sentence:"By midsummer, the Aegean Sea is one of the ___ bodies of water in Europe.", base:"HOT", answer:"hottest", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_4_22", sentence:"Before reaching Santorini we ___ across three other beautiful islands.", base:"COME", answer:"had come", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_4_23", sentence:"Tickets for the next morning's excursion ___ out within thirty minutes.", base:"SELL", answer:"were sold", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_4_24", sentence:"Even so, no ___ on board seemed disappointed for very long.", base:"MAN", answer:"men", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_5_19", sentence:"Last April I ___ along a canal near Utrecht when I noticed something strange in the water.", base:"RIDE", answer:"was riding", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_5_20", sentence:"Although I had told ___ I would be careful, I actually rode straight into a flower bed.", base:"I", answer:"myself", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_5_21", sentence:"Dutch cyclists move ___ than Russian ones, but they are also much more polite.", base:"FAST", answer:"faster", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_5_22", sentence:"By Friday evening, half of our group ___ their first hundred-kilometre day, while the rest of us were still struggling.", base:"JUST FINISH", answer:"had just finished", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_5_23", sentence:"Three of our bikes ___ for the trip and looked rather shabby.", base:"NOT PAINT", answer:"were not painted", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_5_24", sentence:"By the ___ day, my legs had stopped aching and the rhythm of cycling started to feel almost natural.", base:"THREE", answer:"third", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_6_19", sentence:"My cousin Nikita and I ___ for our Vietnamese visas for months before we finally received them.", base:"WAIT", answer:"had been waiting", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_6_20", sentence:"Vietnam is a country with ___ own particular rhythm: bustling cities, quiet rice fields, and packed night markets.", base:"IT", answer:"its", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_6_21", sentence:"Ho Chi Minh City was the ___ place I had ever visited.", base:"INTERESTING", answer:"most interesting", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_6_22", sentence:"Until that trip, I ___ real Vietnamese coffee.", base:"NEVER TRY", answer:"had never tried", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_6_23", sentence:"Our train tickets for the night sleeper ___ online a week in advance, which saved us a long queue at the station.", base:"BUY", answer:"were bought", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_6_24", sentence:"The ___ bowl of pho we tried in Hanoi was so spicy that we ordered the same thing every evening afterwards.", base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_7_19", sentence:"Last October, my dad ___ us up the M6 motorway when a strange noise started coming from under the car.", base:"DRIVE", answer:"was driving", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_7_20", sentence:"The plan was technically ___, but Dad had quietly added his own changes to the route.", base:"YOU", answer:"yours", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_7_21", sentence:"By Saturday evening the weather had become much ___ than the forecast had promised.", base:"BEAUTIFUL", answer:"more beautiful", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_7_22", sentence:"Up to that weekend, none of us ___ such peaceful lakes anywhere else in Britain.", base:"NEVER FIND", answer:"had ever found", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_7_23", sentence:"A cottage by the water ___ for us by a kind elderly couple who knew my grandmother.", base:"HOLD", answer:"was held", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, { id:"trg_7_24", sentence:"By the ___ day, our hiking boots were already covered in autumn leaves and brown mud.", base:"TWO", answer:"second", alts:[], category:"tr_gr" }, // ======================================================== // Unit 2 · Travel & Transport — EGE Word Formation (25–29) // Source: Unit2_EGE_Sets_KEY.docx · 7 sets // ======================================================== { id:"trw_1_25", sentence:"Our ___ were detailed, with daily checkpoints carefully marked on Dad's map.", base:"ARRANGE", answer:"arrangements", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_1_26", sentence:"Crossing the vast empty plains genuinely seemed to ___ our minds.", base:"BROAD", answer:"broaden", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_1_27", sentence:"Australia felt utterly ___ from anywhere I had ever visited.", base:"DIFFER", answer:"different", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_1_28", sentence:"Each day we covered impressive ___ in our four-wheel drive.", base:"DISTANT", answer:"distances", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_1_29", sentence:"We still met other ___ who had come even further to see it all.", base:"TOUR", answer:"tourists", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_2_25", sentence:"The route was full of ___ attractions: in every village we saw historic chapels and rural museums.", base:"CULTURE", answer:"cultural", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_2_26", sentence:"Whenever the train changed ___, the snow-capped peaks seemed to swap sides of the carriage.", base:"DIRECT", answer:"direction", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_2_27", sentence:"My dad, an amateur ___, filled three memory cards in two days.", base:"PHOTOGRAPH", answer:"photographer", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_2_28", sentence:"Switzerland deserves all the ___ it gets for its railways.", base:"RECOGNISE", answer:"recognition", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_2_29", sentence:"They are admired ___ for their punctuality and engineering.", base:"WORLD", answer:"worldwide", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_3_25", sentence:"The crowded terminal at the main ___ of the airport was overwhelming for someone who had only ever travelled by train.", base:"ENTER", answer:"entrance", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_3_26", sentence:"The ___ of Tokyo were lining up so politely it almost felt unreal.", base:"INHABIT", answer:"inhabitants", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_3_27", sentence:"We checked the airport ___ every five minutes, terrified of missing our connecting flight.", base:"TIME", answer:"timetable", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_3_28", sentence:"Business class would have been ___, but it was far beyond our budget.", base:"COMFORT", answer:"comfortable", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_3_29", sentence:"Still, the friendly cabin crew made the experience much better than I had ___.", base:"EXPECT", answer:"expected", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_4_25", sentence:"The whole holiday felt like one ___ episode after another, with hardly any time for boredom.", base:"EXCITE", answer:"exciting", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_4_26", sentence:"Every port had its own special ___, from blue-domed churches to underwater volcanic caves.", base:"ATTRACT", answer:"attractions", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_4_27", sentence:"After two busy days in Athens, we badly needed a few hours of ___ by the pool.", base:"RELAX", answer:"relaxation", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_4_28", sentence:"For my younger cousin it was the greatest ___ moment of his life.", base:"ADVENTURE", answer:"adventurous", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_4_29", sentence:"The cruise company also ___ over a thousand people from twenty different countries on every ship.", base:"EMPLOY", answer:"employs", alts:["employees"], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_5_25", sentence:"Honestly, I felt extremely ___ to have joined the trip at the very last minute.", base:"FORTUNE", answer:"fortunate", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_5_26", sentence:"Each evening we wrote down all the ___ moments from the day in a shared notebook.", base:"MEMORY", answer:"memorable", alts:["memories"], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_5_27", sentence:"The route ran across three ___ parks, which made the scenery constantly change.", base:"NATION", answer:"national", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_5_28", sentence:"Spring colours along the canals seemed completely ___ — almost too perfect for postcards.", base:"NATURE", answer:"natural", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_5_29", sentence:"Our local guide turned out to be incredibly ___ about every windmill we passed.", base:"INFORM", answer:"informative", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_6_25", sentence:"Vietnamese ___ cooking is much less spicy than we expected — the heat comes from extra chilli added at the table.", base:"TRADITION", answer:"traditional", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_6_26", sentence:"The very ___ of so many small family restaurants was a constant surprise.", base:"EXIST", answer:"existence", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_6_27", sentence:"Cheap ___ was easy to find, but the very best hostels were always packed with eager visitors.", base:"ACCOMMODATE", answer:"accommodation", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_6_28", sentence:"The very best hostels were always packed with eager ___ from Europe, Korea and Australia.", base:"VISIT", answer:"visitors", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_6_29", sentence:"Travelling around Vietnam turned out to be far more ___ than we had imagined back home.", base:"ECONOMY", answer:"economical", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_7_25", sentence:"The local farm shop ___ was famous all around the region for its cheeses and honey.", base:"PRODUCE", answer:"production", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_7_26", sentence:"Watching a small biplane perform tricks above the lake reminded us how thrilling ___ can be, even on a small scale.", base:"FLY", answer:"flying", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_7_27", sentence:"The next morning's ___ was scheduled for half past five, but nobody actually managed to get up that early.", base:"DEPART", answer:"departure", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_7_28", sentence:"A small museum in the village told the ___ background of the local mining industry.", base:"HISTORY", answer:"historical", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, { id:"trw_7_29", sentence:"Of course, climbing in those slippery boots was rather ___.", base:"DANGER", answer:"dangerous", alts:[], category:"tr_wf" }, // ======================================================== // Unit 2 · Travel & Transport — EGE Multiple Choice (30–36) // Source: Unit2_EGE_Sets_KEY.docx · 7 sets // ======================================================== { id:"trm_1_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We finally ___ at six in the morning, while the desert air was still cool.", choices:["set off", "put down", "gave up", "took out"], answer:"set off", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_1_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Although I was excited, I almost ___ my breakfast at the motel.", choices:["lost", "missed", "failed", "escaped"], answer:"missed", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_1_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The ___ from Adelaide to Alice Springs was over fifteen hundred kilometres long.", choices:["walk", "march", "journey", "hike"], answer:"journey", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_1_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When we ___ at our new motel that evening, we were completely exhausted.", choices:["reached", "got", "came", "arrived"], answer:"arrived", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_1_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ the way back, we even stopped at a tiny outback pub.", choices:["On", "In", "At", "For"], answer:"On", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_1_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"To be honest, I was a little ___ kangaroos suddenly jumping in front of the car.", choices:["afraid for", "afraid of", "afraid from", "afraid by"], answer:"afraid of", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_1_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The petrol cost a fortune, but the train ___ would have been even worse.", choices:["ticket", "fee", "fare", "cost"], answer:"fare", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_2_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We ___ to our small hotel near the station as soon as we arrived.", choices:["checked out", "checked in", "signed up", "booked in"], answer:"checked in", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_2_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"My grandmother came to ___ us at the platform with a small bag of pastries.", choices:["see out", "see through", "see off", "see by"], answer:"see off", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_2_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The ___ from our compartment window was simply breathtaking.", choices:["sight", "eye", "glance", "view"], answer:"view", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_2_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We had booked everything well ___, which made the trip stress-free.", choices:["in advance", "on time", "in time", "at last"], answer:"in advance", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_2_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The driver took an unusual scenic ___ through the smaller valleys.", choices:["road", "route", "way", "path"], answer:"route", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_2_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"On the third afternoon we joined a guided ___ to a quiet lakeside village.", choices:["expedition", "parade", "excursion", "trek"], answer:"excursion", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_2_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Honestly, I had always ___ about seeing the Matterhorn at sunset, and the experience did not disappoint.", choices:["imagined", "wondered", "visioned", "dreamed"], answer:"dreamed", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_3_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The plane finally ___ around midnight, three hours later than scheduled.", choices:["took off", "took out", "took in", "took down"], answer:"took off", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_3_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Before that, we had had to ___ the plane through a strangely narrow corridor.", choices:["embark", "board", "mount", "step in"], answer:"board", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_3_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Just outside the airport in Tokyo, a friend agreed to ___ us in his small van.", choices:["pick out", "pick at", "pick up", "pick over"], answer:"pick up", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_3_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Although it was only a short hop, the ___ to the hospital felt endless.", choices:["voyage", "passage", "tour", "trip"], answer:"trip", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_3_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The doctor at reception kindly invited us ___ the meeting room and explained everything in clear English.", choices:["to", "for", "in", "at"], answer:"to", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_3_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"My grandfather, who was born in Hokkaido, said it felt strange to be a foreign ___ in his own country of birth.", choices:["resident", "tourist", "local", "native"], answer:"native", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_3_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We later discovered that the missed flight had happened entirely by ___ — a small clerical error in the booking system.", choices:["luck", "accident", "fortune", "chance"], answer:"accident", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_4_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"On the last evening, the captain decided to ___ and revisit one of the smaller islands.", choices:["turn down", "turn round", "turn up", "turn out"], answer:"turn round", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_4_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Strangely, our local guide referred to the trip as a ___ in the old-fashioned sense — by sea, with proper navigation by stars.", choices:["voyage", "journey", "walk", "commute"], answer:"voyage", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_4_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"My uncle, who has ___ Greece for years, helped us understand the history of every port.", choices:["lived for", "lived through", "lived up", "lived in"], answer:"lived in", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_4_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"After lunch we always went up on deck to see the ___s of the next island.", choices:["look", "glimpse", "sight", "scene"], answer:"sight", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_4_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"My grandmother has always been very ___ sea travel, but it still felt strangely tiring after four ports in a row.", choices:["fond at", "keen on", "interested at", "aware on"], answer:"keen on", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_4_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She always says she ___ too many activities, but she always books them again the next year.", choices:["regrets booking", "regrets to book", "regret booking", "is regretting to book"], answer:"regrets booking", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_4_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Each island differed dramatically in size, character and ___ of its beaches.", choices:["depth", "width", "breadth", "length"], answer:"length", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_5_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The fittest cyclist in our group could easily ___ the local Dutch riders, but the rest of us fell behind.", choices:["catch up with", "make up for", "keep up with", "put up with"], answer:"keep up with", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_5_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"After lunch I always felt sleepy and almost ___ on the saddle several times.", choices:["dropped in", "dropped out", "dropped down", "dropped off"], answer:"dropped off", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_5_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Some sections of the route had a strict speed ___ of twenty kilometres an hour, which felt slow even on a bicycle.", choices:["limit", "border", "line", "control"], answer:"limit", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_5_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Whenever we lost our bearings, the signs pointing straight ___ helped us find the way again.", choices:["forward", "ahead", "before", "onwards"], answer:"ahead", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_5_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We chose to ___ the original plan, even after the heavy rain on Tuesday.", choices:["continue at", "continue from", "continue with", "continue by"], answer:"continue with", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_5_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Our guide acted as a perfect ___ through the small museums in every village.", choices:["leader", "driver", "conductor", "guide"], answer:"guide", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_5_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The whole experience took place during the busiest tourist ___, when tulip fields are at their peak.", choices:["season", "term", "cycle", "spell"], answer:"season", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_6_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We were so impressed with Hoi An that we decided to ___ there a second time on the way home.", choices:["get away", "get on", "get over", "get back"], answer:"get back", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_6_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"While crossing the road in Hanoi, a scooter very nearly ___ a tourist standing in front of me.", choices:["ran out", "ran into", "ran over", "ran across"], answer:"ran over", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_6_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Vietnam often felt like a different planet, not a different part of our ___.", choices:["ground", "earth", "planet", "world"], answer:"earth", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_6_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"By the second week we had also explored a quieter ___ in the central highlands where almost no foreigners ever go.", choices:["area", "region", "zone", "district"], answer:"area", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_6_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Suddenly our guide insisted that we needed to ___ off before sunset to avoid the heaviest traffic.", choices:["point", "push", "aim", "head"], answer:"head", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_6_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"After dinner I always sat on the hotel balcony to ___ everything that had happened that day.", choices:["write down", "write off", "write about", "write up"], answer:"write about", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_6_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Looking back, the rainy ___ of two weeks turned out to be the most beautiful part of the whole trip.", choices:["term", "period", "cycle", "spell"], answer:"period", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_7_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"On the very first morning we tried to ___ for a long walk before breakfast, but the porridge smelled too tempting.", choices:["go away", "go off", "go out", "go over"], answer:"go away", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_7_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"By Sunday afternoon, two of the slower walkers had finally managed to ___ the rest of the group.", choices:["catch on to", "catch up to", "catch on with", "catch up with"], answer:"catch up with", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_7_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When we lost the path, our guide simply turned and started to ___ for the nearest farm building.", choices:["head", "aim", "make", "go"], answer:"make", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_7_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Down by the lake, the water was so still that not a single ripple touched the ___ for almost an hour.", choices:["border", "edge", "limit", "margin"], answer:"edge", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_7_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We had to walk for over five kilometres before we could ___ the village pub on top of the hill.", choices:["reach", "arrive", "come", "get"], answer:"reach", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_7_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"My grandfather always says we should never ___ moving to a city after a weekend like that.", choices:["think on", "think for", "think in", "think of"], answer:"think of", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, { id:"trm_7_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Honestly, I would happily ___ in such a quiet corner of England for the rest of the holiday.", choices:["live", "reside", "stay", "dwell"], answer:"stay", alts:[], category:"tr_mc" }, // ======================================================== // Irregular Word Formation — Practice (Exercises 1–5) // Source: Irregular_Word_Formation_FULL.docx · 50 items · answers from the ANSWER KEY grid // ======================================================== { id:"irr2_e1_1", sentence:"The Olympic swimmer has incredible ___ in the water.", base:"STRONG", answer:"strength", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e1_2", sentence:"Scientists need to ___ data carefully before drawing conclusions.", base:"ANALYSIS", answer:"analyse", alts:["analyze"], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e1_3", sentence:"The ___ of the new shopping centre took three years.", base:"CONSTRUCT", answer:"construction", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e1_4", sentence:"She took a deep ___ before diving into the pool.", base:"BREATHE", answer:"breath", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e1_5", sentence:"The ___ between the two cities is about 200 kilometres.", base:"DISTANT", answer:"distance", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e1_6", sentence:"His ___ in the project was unexpected.", base:"SUCCEED", answer:"success", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e1_7", sentence:"The doctor gave him some useful ___ about his diet.", base:"ADVISE", answer:"advice", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e1_8", sentence:"The hotel ___ was very friendly and helpful.", base:"RECEIVE", answer:"receptionist", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e1_9", sentence:"Freedom of ___ is a fundamental human right.", base:"SPEAK", answer:"speech", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e1_10", sentence:"The ___ of the river at this point is over 50 metres.", base:"WIDE", answer:"width", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e2_1", sentence:"The company's ___ of electricity has increased dramatically.", base:"CONSUME", answer:"consumption", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e2_2", sentence:"He wrote a detailed ___ of the events that took place.", base:"DESCRIBE", answer:"description", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e2_3", sentence:"The ___ of new employees begins next Monday.", base:"INTRODUCE", answer:"introduction", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e2_4", sentence:"She made an important ___ about the future of the project.", base:"ASSUME", answer:"assumption", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e2_5", sentence:"The museum has an impressive ___ of ancient artefacts.", base:"EXHIBIT", answer:"exhibition", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e2_6", sentence:"The ___ of the building was completed ahead of schedule.", base:"EXTEND", answer:"extension", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e2_7", sentence:"His ___ to succeed drove him to work harder.", base:"INTEND", answer:"intention", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e2_8", sentence:"You need special ___ to enter this area.", base:"PERMIT", answer:"permission", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e2_9", sentence:"The ___ of data across the network is encrypted.", base:"TRANSMIT", answer:"transmission", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e2_10", sentence:"There is a strong ___ between diet and health.", base:"CONNECT", answer:"connection", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e3_1", sentence:"The ___ of the ocean in this area reaches 3,000 metres.", base:"DEEP", answer:"depth", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e3_2", sentence:"She felt enormous ___ when her team won the championship.", base:"PROUD", answer:"pride", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e3_3", sentence:"The ___ of the new policy was met with some resistance.", base:"PROPOSE", answer:"proposal", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e3_4", sentence:"It was difficult to make a ___ between the two options.", base:"CHOOSE", answer:"choice", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e3_5", sentence:"The children showed great ___ in their grandfather.", base:"BELIEVE", answer:"belief", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e3_6", sentence:"He suffered from a serious ___ of sleep.", base:"LOSE", answer:"loss", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e3_7", sentence:"The company aims to increase ___ by 20% this year.", base:"PRODUCE", answer:"production", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e3_8", sentence:"The ___ offered excellent views of the city.", base:"HIGH", answer:"height", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e3_9", sentence:"We need to pay close ___ to the details.", base:"ATTEND", answer:"attention", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e3_10", sentence:"The ___ rate in the country has been steadily declining.", base:"DIE", answer:"death", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e4_1", sentence:"The building's ___ is quite impressive from the outside.", base:"APPEAR", answer:"appearance", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e4_2", sentence:"Regular ___ exercises can help reduce stress.", base:"BREATHE", answer:"breathing", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e4_3", sentence:"The artist's latest ___ is on display at the gallery.", base:"COMPOSE", answer:"composition", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e4_4", sentence:"His ___ to admit his mistake surprised everyone.", base:"REFUSE", answer:"refusal", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e4_5", sentence:"The ___ of new technology has transformed the industry.", base:"INTRODUCE", answer:"introduction", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e4_6", sentence:"She showed great ___ in handling the difficult situation.", base:"WISE", answer:"wisdom", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e4_7", sentence:"The ___ of local traditions is important for cultural identity.", base:"MAINTAIN", answer:"maintenance", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e4_8", sentence:"The judge made a fair ___ in the case.", base:"DECIDE", answer:"decision", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e4_9", sentence:"There was a brief ___ of service due to technical issues.", base:"SUSPEND", answer:"suspension", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e4_10", sentence:"The ___ of the disease depends on early diagnosis.", base:"TREAT", answer:"treatment", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e5_1", sentence:"The ___ of youth unemployment is a serious concern.", base:"GROW", answer:"growth", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e5_2", sentence:"He received a warm ___ at the conference.", base:"RECEIVE", answer:"reception", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e5_3", sentence:"The ___ of the new law caused widespread debate.", base:"IMPOSE", answer:"imposition", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e5_4", sentence:"She felt a sense of ___ after finishing the marathon.", base:"ACHIEVE", answer:"achievement", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e5_5", sentence:"The company's ___ strategy focuses on emerging markets.", base:"EXPAND", answer:"expansion", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e5_6", sentence:"His ___ about the project proved to be correct.", base:"ASSUME", answer:"assumption", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e5_7", sentence:"The ___ of the river is perfect for swimming.", base:"WARM", answer:"warmth", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e5_8", sentence:"The ___ between supply and demand affects prices.", base:"RELATE", answer:"relationship", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e5_9", sentence:"She gave a clear ___ of the company's goals.", base:"STATE", answer:"statement", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, { id:"irr2_e5_10", sentence:"The ___ of the young athlete was remarkable.", base:"STRONG", answer:"strength", alts:[], category:"irr2_wf" }, // ======================================================== // Tricky Verb Pairs — Forms (lie/lay · rise/raise · sit/set · find/found · shine) // Source: Verbs_Practice_Answer_Key.docx (Irina Kostyukovich) · Sections A + C // ======================================================== { id:"vpa_1", sentence:"Yesterday I ___ on the grass and watching the clouds.", base:"LIE", answer:"was lying", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpa_2", sentence:"She ___ the baby in the cot.", base:"LAY", answer:"has laid", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpa_3", sentence:"The sun ___ at 6 every morning in summer.", base:"RISE", answer:"rises", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpa_4", sentence:"Prices ___ by 10% this year.", base:"RISE", answer:"have risen", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpa_5", sentence:"He ___ in the same chair all afternoon yesterday.", base:"SIT", answer:"sat", alts:["was sitting"], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpa_6", sentence:"The teacher ___ chairs around the table.", base:"SET", answer:"is setting", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpa_7", sentence:"He ___ to his parents last week.", base:"LIE", answer:"lied", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpa_8", sentence:"The cat ___ on the shelf for hours.", base:"LIE", answer:"has lain", alts:["has been lying"], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpa_9", sentence:"The school ___ in 1872.", base:"FOUND", answer:"was founded", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpa_10", sentence:"She ___ her missing earring this morning.", base:"FIND", answer:"found", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpa_11", sentence:"The stars ___ brightly last night.", base:"SHINE", answer:"shone", alts:["were shining"], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpa_12", sentence:"He ___ his shoes carefully before the interview.", base:"SHINE", answer:"shined", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpc_1", sentence:"He ___ awake all night thinking about the test.", base:"LIE", answer:"had lain", alts:["had been lying"], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpc_2", sentence:"The book was ___ on the kitchen counter.", base:"LIE", answer:"lying", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpc_3", sentence:"The university was ___ in 1755 by a group of scholars.", base:"FOUND", answer:"founded", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpc_4", sentence:"She ___ early every morning to do yoga.", base:"RISE", answer:"rose", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpc_5", sentence:"I'm just going to ___ down for a few minutes.", base:"LIE", answer:"lie", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpc_6", sentence:"The thief ___ about his whereabouts.", base:"LIE", answer:"lied", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpc_7", sentence:"He ___ quietly in the corner reading a book.", base:"SIT", answer:"sat", alts:["was sitting"], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpc_8", sentence:"The sun ___ through the window.", base:"SHINE", answer:"shone", alts:["was shining"], category:"vp_gr" }, // ======================================================== // Tricky Verb Pairs — Choose the correct verb // Source: Verbs_Practice_Answer_Key.docx · Section B // ======================================================== { id:"vpb_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The doctor told me to ___ down for an hour.", choices:["lie", "lay"], answer:"lie", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpb_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She ___ the baby in the cot very gently.", choices:["lay", "laid"], answer:"laid", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpb_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The book was ___ on the floor.", choices:["laying", "lying"], answer:"lying", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpb_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Could you ___ the vase on the windowsill?", choices:["sit", "set"], answer:"set", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpb_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The temperature ___ by five degrees overnight.", choices:["rose", "raised"], answer:"rose", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpb_6", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ the towels on the radiator to dry.", choices:["Lay", "Lie"], answer:"Lay", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpb_7", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Cambridge University was ___ in 1209.", choices:["found", "founded"], answer:"founded", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpb_8", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He ___ his missing wallet in the car.", choices:["found", "founded"], answer:"found", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpb_9", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The moon ___ through the curtains all night.", choices:["shone", "shined"], answer:"shone", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, { id:"vpb_10", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He ___ the brass doorknob until it sparkled.", choices:["shone", "shined"], answer:"shined", alts:[], category:"vp_gr" }, // ======================================================== // Unit 2 Workbook — Word Formation (Block 5 + Mini-EGE 25–29) // Source: Unit2_01_Workbook_KEY.docx // ======================================================== { id:"wb5a_1", sentence:"Because of the bad weather the company has decided to ___ all the flights for next week.", base:"ARRANGE", answer:"rearrange", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5a_2", sentence:"After her ___ in Cairo, she sent us a long letter describing the city.", base:"ARRIVE", answer:"arrival", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5a_3", sentence:"The mountains made a huge ___ between the two communities.", base:"DIFFER", answer:"difference", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5a_4", sentence:"He gave us very ___ instructions, so nobody understood where to go.", base:"DIRECT", answer:"indirect", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5a_5", sentence:"The Kremlin is one of the most ___ landmarks in the world.", base:"RECOGNISE", answer:"recognisable", alts:["recognizable"], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5a_6", sentence:"She works as a war ___ and has travelled to more than thirty countries.", base:"PHOTOGRAPH", answer:"photographer", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5a_7", sentence:"Many parts of Siberia are uninhabited; you can drive for hours without meeting another ___.", base:"INHABIT", answer:"inhabitant", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5a_8", sentence:"Travelling has the power to ___ your mind in ways no book can.", base:"BROAD", answer:"broaden", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5b_1", sentence:"Even in the era of ___ travel, when planes leave the ground every few seconds, train journeys remain irreplaceable.", base:"WORLD", answer:"worldwide", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5b_2", sentence:"The ___ of the Russian railway network is greater than that of any other country in the world.", base:"BROAD", answer:"breadth", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5b_3", sentence:"Trans-Siberian passengers are surprised by the cultural ___ they encounter at every stop.", base:"DIFFER", answer:"differences", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5b_4", sentence:"Everything seems to change with every ___ marked on the timetable.", base:"DISTANT", answer:"distance", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5b_5", sentence:"Everything seems to change with every distance marked on the ___.", base:"TIME", answer:"timetable", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5b_6", sentence:"The locals are often friendly and ready to share stories about the ___ of their home villages.", base:"INHABIT", answer:"inhabitants", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5b_7", sentence:"The most ___ landmarks of these regions appear in every guidebook.", base:"RECOGNISE", answer:"recognisable", alts:["recognizable"], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5b_8", sentence:"Such trips can permanently ___ a young person's view of their own country.", base:"BROAD", answer:"broaden", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5c_1a", sentence:"The ___ between mountain and lowland villages is immediately recognisable to anyone who has lived there.", base:"DIFFER", answer:"difference", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5c_1b", sentence:"The difference between mountain and lowland villages is immediately ___ to anyone who has lived there.", base:"RECOGNISE", answer:"recognisable", alts:["recognizable"], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5c_2a", sentence:"After her ___ in Lisbon, she made all the arrangements for our weekend trip by herself.", base:"ARRIVE", answer:"arrival", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5c_2b", sentence:"After her arrival in Lisbon, she made all the ___ for our weekend trip by herself.", base:"ARRANGE", answer:"arrangements", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5c_3a", sentence:"The young ___ spent three months travelling around the country to bring back cultural stories from every region.", base:"PHOTOGRAPH", answer:"photographer", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5c_3b", sentence:"The young photographer spent three months travelling around the country to bring back ___ stories from every region.", base:"CULTURE", answer:"cultural", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5c_4a", sentence:"The full ___ of the river can only be appreciated from a hilltop in the distance.", base:"BROAD", answer:"breadth", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5c_4b", sentence:"The full breadth of the river can only be appreciated from a hilltop in the ___.", base:"DISTANT", answer:"distance", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5c_5a", sentence:"Modern ___ depends heavily on worldwide communication networks.", base:"TOUR", answer:"tourism", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb5c_5b", sentence:"Modern tourism depends heavily on ___ communication networks.", base:"WORLD", answer:"worldwide", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb6_25", sentence:"Even in the era of ___ air travel, a journey to a remote region of Russia still feels like a real adventure.", base:"WORLD", answer:"worldwide", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb6_26", sentence:"The ___ of small Karelian villages welcome visitors with surprising warmth.", base:"INHABIT", answer:"inhabitants", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb6_27", sentence:"A ___ who travels there in winter cannot fail to capture extraordinary images.", base:"PHOTOGRAPH", answer:"photographer", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb6_28", sentence:"The ___ life of the region is much richer than most tourists expect.", base:"CULTURE", answer:"cultural", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, { id:"wb6_29", sentence:"After only one week, even the most sceptical traveller will agree that the trip has been completely ___.", base:"FORGET", answer:"unforgettable", alts:[], category:"wb_wf" }, // ======================================================== // Unit 2 Workbook — Grammar (Mini-EGE 19–24 + Word Patterns / prepositions) // Source: Unit2_01_Workbook_KEY.docx // ======================================================== { id:"wb6g_19", sentence:"Last winter my brother and I ___ to spend the New Year holidays in Karelia.", base:"DECIDE", answer:"decided", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb6g_20", sentence:"Two months before our trip we ___ a small wooden cabin near a frozen lake.", base:"BOOK", answer:"had booked", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb6g_21", sentence:"The cabin ___ in the 1970s by a local family.", base:"BUILD", answer:"was built", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb6g_22", sentence:"It was one of ___ places we had ever stayed in.", base:"WARM", answer:"the warmest", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb6g_23", sentence:"The owner gave us the keys himself, although ___ hands were shaking from the cold.", base:"HE", answer:"his", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb6g_24", sentence:"By the time we arrived at the lake, the temperature ___ to minus twenty.", base:"FALL", answer:"had fallen", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb4a_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When my cousin first invited me ___ join her on a trip to the Pamirs, I was afraid of the height of the mountains.", choices:["to", "of", "about", "with"], answer:"to", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb4a_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When my cousin first invited me to join her on a trip to the Pamirs, I was afraid ___ the height of the mountains.", choices:["to", "of", "about", "with"], answer:"of", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb4a_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I had to think ___ it for a long time before agreeing.", choices:["to", "of", "about", "with"], answer:"about", alts:["of"], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb4a_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We arranged the dates ___ her local guide, who was very keen on taking us to the most remote villages.", choices:["to", "of", "about", "with"], answer:"with", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb4a_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We arranged the dates with her local guide, who was very keen ___ taking us to the most remote villages.", choices:["to", "of", "about", "on"], answer:"on", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb4a_6", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The flight to Dushanbe arrived ___ the airport an hour late.", choices:["to", "of", "about", "at"], answer:"at", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb4a_8", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The villages we visited differed ___ each other in surprising ways.", choices:["to", "of", "about", "from"], answer:"from", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb4a_9", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Some inhabitants lived ___ the highest valleys.", choices:["to", "of", "about", "in"], answer:"in", alts:[], category:"wb_gr" }, { id:"wb4a_10", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Some inhabitants dreamed ___ moving to the capital one day.", choices:["to", "of", "about", "with"], answer:"of", alts:["about"], category:"wb_gr" }, // ======================================================== // Unit 2 Workbook — Multiple Choice (Mini-EGE 30–36) // Source: Unit2_01_Workbook_KEY.docx // ======================================================== { id:"wb6m_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Travelling by train across Europe is something every young person should experience ___ in their life.", choices:["at least once", "for a long time", "on first sight", "as far as"], answer:"at least once", alts:[], category:"wb_mc" }, { id:"wb6m_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Of course, you have to ___ your tickets well in advance, especially during the summer season.", choices:["book", "keep", "take", "bring"], answer:"book", alts:[], category:"wb_mc" }, { id:"wb6m_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"If you miss a connection, you may have to ___ a different route and arrive much later than planned.", choices:["make for", "take", "set off", "plan for"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"wb_mc" }, { id:"wb6m_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"It is also a good idea to ___ a phrasebook in the language of the country you are visiting.", choices:["bring", "take", "make", "do"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"wb_mc" }, { id:"wb6m_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When you ___ at the station of a foreign town, take time to look around before rushing to your hotel.", choices:["reach", "arrive", "get", "come"], answer:"arrive", alts:[], category:"wb_mc" }, { id:"wb6m_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Most travellers admit that they ___ home with a much wider view of the world than before they left.", choices:["get back", "come back", "go away", "set off"], answer:"get back", alts:[], category:"wb_mc" }, { id:"wb6m_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ the cost may seem high, the experience is worth every penny.", choices:["Despite", "However", "Although", "In spite"], answer:"Although", alts:[], category:"wb_mc" }, // ======================================================== // Unit Tests 1-5 — Grammar // Source: Unit_Tests_1-5_Keys.docx // ======================================================== { id:"ut1ps_1", sentence:"My brother ___ in Madrid.", base:"LIVE", answer:"lives", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1ps_2", sentence:"We ___ TV in the evenings.", base:"NOT WATCH", answer:"do not watch", alts:["do not watch"], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1ps_4", sentence:"The library ___ at 9 am every day.", base:"OPEN", answer:"opens", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1ps_5", sentence:"They ___ horror films.", base:"NOT LIKE", answer:"do not like", alts:["do not like"], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1pc_1", sentence:"Be quiet! The baby ___.", base:"SLEEP", answer:"is sleeping", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1pc_2", sentence:"Look outside. It ___.", base:"RAIN", answer:"is raining", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1pc_3", sentence:"She ___ for her exams this week.", base:"STUDY", answer:"is studying", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1pc_4", sentence:"Tom ___ today; he is on holiday.", base:"NOT WORK", answer:"is not working", alts:["is not working"], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1pc_5", sentence:"We ___ for the bus at the bus stop.", base:"WAIT", answer:"are waiting", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1pc_6", sentence:"Hey, you ___ to me!", base:"NOT LISTEN", answer:"are not listening", alts:["are not listening"], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2pasts_1", sentence:"They ___ their grandparents last Sunday.", base:"VISIT", answer:"visited", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2pasts_2", sentence:"I ___ you at the party yesterday.", base:"NOT SEE", answer:"did not see", alts:["did not see"], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2pasts_4", sentence:"We ___ pizza for dinner last night.", base:"EAT", answer:"ate", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2pasts_5", sentence:"He ___ to school on Monday.", base:"NOT COME", answer:"did not come", alts:["did not come"], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2pasts_6", sentence:"The film ___ at 8 pm and ended at 10.", base:"BEGIN", answer:"began", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2pastc_1", sentence:"At seven o'clock yesterday I ___ to music.", base:"LISTEN", answer:"was listening", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2pastc_2", sentence:"The children ___ in the pool at noon.", base:"SWIM", answer:"were swimming", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2pastc_3", sentence:"She ___ a red coat at the party.", base:"WEAR", answer:"was wearing", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2pastc_4", sentence:"We ___; we were having a break.", base:"NOT STUDY", answer:"were not studying", alts:["were not studying"], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2pastc_5", sentence:"They ___ on the phone when I arrived.", base:"TALK", answer:"were talking", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2prep_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The detective is looking ___ the case carefully.", choices:["into", "across", "up", "out"], answer:"into", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2prep_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I came ___ an old photo while I was cleaning.", choices:["into", "across", "up", "out"], answer:"across", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2prep_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Can you look this word ___ in the dictionary?", choices:["into", "across", "up", "out"], answer:"up", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2prep_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The police will find ___ who did it soon.", choices:["into", "across", "up", "out"], answer:"out", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2prep_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I need to work ___ the answer to this puzzle.", choices:["into", "across", "up", "out"], answer:"out", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3rel_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"That's the house ___ I was born.", choices:["who", "which", "that", "where"], answer:"where", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3rel_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I met a girl ___ speaks five languages.", choices:["who", "which", "that", "whose"], answer:"who", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3rel_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The book ___ I am reading is very interesting.", choices:["who", "which", "that", "whose"], answer:"that", alts:["which"], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3rel_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He is the man ___ car was stolen last week.", choices:["who", "which", "that", "whose"], answer:"whose", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3rel_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Do you remember the day ___ we went to the beach?", choices:["who", "which", "that", "when"], answer:"when", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3rel_6", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The film ___ won the prize was excellent.", choices:["who", "which", "that", "whose"], answer:"that", alts:["which"], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5comp_1", sentence:"My brother is ___ than me.", base:"TALL", answer:"taller", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5comp_2", sentence:"This book is ___ than that one.", base:"INTERESTING", answer:"more interesting", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5comp_3", sentence:"She is the ___ student in our class.", base:"CLEVER", answer:"cleverest", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5comp_4", sentence:"Maths is much ___ than chemistry.", base:"EASY", answer:"easier", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5comp_5", sentence:"The Nile is the ___ river in Africa.", base:"LONG", answer:"longest", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5comp_6", sentence:"He is ___ than his cousin.", base:"OLD", answer:"a bit older", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5so_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"It was ___ funny film!", choices:["so", "such", "such a", "such an"], answer:"such a", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5so_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She is ___ kind person.", choices:["so", "such", "such a", "such an"], answer:"such a", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5so_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The weather is ___ beautiful today.", choices:["so", "such", "such a", "such an"], answer:"so", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5so_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"They have ___ nice children.", choices:["so", "such", "such a", "such an"], answer:"such", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, // ======================================================== // Unit Tests 1-5 — Word Formation // Source: Unit_Tests_1-5_Keys.docx // ======================================================== { id:"ut1suf_1", sentence:"He spoke with great ___ about his project.", base:"CONFIDENT", answer:"confidence", alts:[], category:"ut_wf" }, { id:"ut1suf_2", sentence:"There has been a big ___ in your English.", base:"IMPROVE", answer:"improvement", alts:[], category:"ut_wf" }, { id:"ut1suf_3", sentence:"We need a ___ to this problem.", base:"SOLVE", answer:"solution", alts:[], category:"ut_wf" }, { id:"ut1suf_4", sentence:"Children play games for their own ___.", base:"ENJOY", answer:"enjoyment", alts:[], category:"ut_wf" }, { id:"ut1suf_5", sentence:"Teenagers want ___ from their parents.", base:"INDEPENDENT", answer:"independence", alts:[], category:"ut_wf" }, { id:"ut1suf_6", sentence:"There is a clear ___ between the two paintings.", base:"DIFFERENT", answer:"difference", alts:[], category:"ut_wf" }, { id:"ut3neg_1", sentence:"The opposite of polite is ___.", base:"POLITE", answer:"impolite", alts:[], category:"ut_wf" }, { id:"ut3neg_2", sentence:"The opposite of logical is ___.", base:"LOGICAL", answer:"illogical", alts:[], category:"ut_wf" }, { id:"ut3neg_3", sentence:"The opposite of responsible is ___.", base:"RESPONSIBLE", answer:"irresponsible", alts:[], category:"ut_wf" }, { id:"ut3neg_4", sentence:"The opposite of happy is ___.", base:"HAPPY", answer:"unhappy", alts:[], category:"ut_wf" }, { id:"ut3neg_5", sentence:"The opposite of visible is ___.", base:"VISIBLE", answer:"invisible", alts:[], category:"ut_wf" }, // ======================================================== // Unit Tests 1-5 — Multiple Choice // Source: Unit_Tests_1-5_Keys.docx // ======================================================== { id:"ut1sa_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ you're right about this.", choices:["I think", "I'm thinking"], answer:"I think", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1sa_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Be quiet! ___ about my answer.", choices:["I think", "I'm thinking"], answer:"I am thinking", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1sa_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ more milk now.", choices:["We need", "We are needing"], answer:"We need", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1sa_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Look! She ___ lunch with her sister.", choices:["has", "is having"], answer:"is having", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut1art_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Her father is ___ engineer.", choices:["a", "an", "the", "—"], answer:"an", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut1art_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I had ___ apple for breakfast this morning.", choices:["a", "an", "the", "—"], answer:"an", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut1art_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ sun is very hot today.", choices:["a", "an", "the", "—"], answer:"the", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut1art_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ education is important for everyone.", choices:["a", "an", "the", "—"], answer:"—", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut1art_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She is ___ best student in our class.", choices:["a", "an", "the", "—"], answer:"the", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut1art_6", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I love ___ animals, especially dogs.", choices:["a", "an", "the", "—"], answer:"—", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut1art_7", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Can you pass me ___ salt, please?", choices:["a", "an", "the", "—"], answer:"the", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut1art_8", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We saw ___ great film at the cinema last night.", choices:["a", "an", "the", "—"], answer:"a", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut1age_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ — someone between 13 and 19 years old.", choices:["toddler", "senior citizen", "teenager", "young adult"], answer:"teenager", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut1age_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ — a very young child who is just learning to walk.", choices:["toddler", "senior citizen", "teenager", "young adult"], answer:"toddler", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut1age_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ — someone over 65 years old.", choices:["toddler", "senior citizen", "teenager", "young adult"], answer:"senior citizen", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut1age_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ — someone in their early twenties.", choices:["toddler", "senior citizen", "teenager", "young adult"], answer:"young adult", alts:[], category:"ut_mc" }, { id:"ut2split_1a", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"While I ___ dinner, my friend phoned me.", choices:["cooked", "was cooking"], answer:"was cooking", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2split_1b", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"While I was cooking dinner, my friend ___ me.", choices:["phoned", "was phoning"], answer:"phoned", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2split_2a", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When the teacher ___ the classroom, the students laughed.", choices:["entered", "was entering"], answer:"entered", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2split_2b", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When the teacher entered the classroom, the students ___.", choices:["laughed", "were laughing"], answer:"were laughing", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2split_3a", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The accident ___ while she was crossing the road.", choices:["happened", "was happening"], answer:"happened", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2split_3b", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The accident happened while she ___ the road.", choices:["crossed", "was crossing"], answer:"was crossing", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2split_4a", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I ___ a book when suddenly the lights went out.", choices:["read", "was reading"], answer:"was reading", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2split_4b", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I was reading a book when suddenly the lights ___ out.", choices:["went", "were going"], answer:"went", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2crime_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"A ___ breaks into houses to steal things.", choices:["burglar", "mugger"], answer:"burglar", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2crime_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Someone who sets fire to a building is an ___.", choices:["arsonist", "vandal"], answer:"arsonist", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2crime_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The crime of taking something from a shop without paying is ___.", choices:["shoplifting", "burglary"], answer:"shoplifting", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2crime_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"A ___ takes another person's life.", choices:["thief", "murderer"], answer:"murderer", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2crime_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The crime of stealing in the street is ___.", choices:["mugging", "arson"], answer:"mugging", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2crime_6", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Someone who damages public property is a ___.", choices:["vandal", "smuggler"], answer:"vandal", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2det_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The police are going to ___ the crime.", choices:["investigate", "evidence", "arrest", "prove"], answer:"investigate", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2det_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"There isn't enough ___ to charge him.", choices:["investigate", "evidence", "arrest", "prove"], answer:"evidence", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2det_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"They will ___ the criminal soon.", choices:["investigate", "evidence", "arrest", "prove"], answer:"arrest", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2det_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Can you ___ that you weren't at home that night?", choices:["investigate", "evidence", "arrest", "prove"], answer:"prove", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut2det_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He is the main ___ in this case.", choices:["investigate", "evidence", "arrest", "suspect"], answer:"suspect", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3mm_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"How ___ information do you need?", choices:["much", "many"], answer:"much", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3mm_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"There isn't ___ bread left.", choices:["much", "many"], answer:"much", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3mm_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"How ___ languages do you speak?", choices:["much", "many"], answer:"many", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3mm_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We don't have ___ time before the lesson.", choices:["much", "many"], answer:"much", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3mm_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"There are too ___ students in this class.", choices:["much", "many"], answer:"many", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3mm_6", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He drinks too ___ coffee in the morning.", choices:["much", "many"], answer:"much", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3some_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We've got ___ apples but not many — about five.", choices:["some", "any", "a few", "a little"], answer:"a few", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3some_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I haven't got ___ money for the bus.", choices:["some", "any", "a few", "a little"], answer:"any", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3some_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"There are ___ books on the shelf — about thirty.", choices:["some", "any", "a few", "a lot of"], answer:"a lot of", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3some_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Would you like ___ milk in your tea?", choices:["some", "any", "a few", "a little"], answer:"some", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3some_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Are there ___ students in the library?", choices:["some", "any", "a few", "a little"], answer:"any", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3some_6", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She speaks ___ Russian — just a few words.", choices:["some", "any", "a few", "a little"], answer:"a little", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3learn_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"You should ___ your work carefully before the exam.", choices:["revise", "mistakes", "fluency", "memorise"], answer:"revise", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3learn_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Don't be afraid to make ___ — it's how we learn.", choices:["revise", "mistakes", "fluency", "memorise"], answer:"mistakes", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3learn_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He speaks English with great ___.", choices:["revise", "mistakes", "fluency", "memorise"], answer:"fluency", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3learn_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Try to ___ ten new words every day.", choices:["revise", "mistakes", "fluency", "memorise"], answer:"memorise", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut3learn_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Can you ___ this word into Russian for me?", choices:["revise", "mistakes", "fluency", "translate"], answer:"translate", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4pp_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We've waited here ___ two hours.", choices:["for", "since"], answer:"for", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4pp_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ your sister ever been to Paris?", choices:["Has", "Have"], answer:"Has", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4pp_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"They've known each other ___ they were children.", choices:["for", "since"], answer:"since", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4pp_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Have you ___ tried Chinese food?", choices:["ever", "never"], answer:"ever", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4pp_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I've ___ met a famous person in my life.", choices:["ever", "never"], answer:"never", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4pp_6", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He's lived in that house ___ 2010.", choices:["for", "since"], answer:"since", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4pp_7", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"How ___ have you studied English?", choices:["long", "much time"], answer:"long", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4health_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I've got a ___ throat — it hurts when I speak.", choices:["sore", "ache", "cough", "flu"], answer:"sore", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4health_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I've got a stomach ___ from eating too much.", choices:["sore", "ache", "cough", "flu"], answer:"ache", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4health_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She's got a bad ___ — she can't stop.", choices:["sore", "ache", "cough", "flu"], answer:"cough", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4health_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He is in bed with the ___; he has a high temperature.", choices:["sore", "ache", "cough", "flu"], answer:"flu", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4health_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I've got a sharp ___ in my back.", choices:["sore", "ache", "cough", "pain"], answer:"pain", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4health_6", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He fell and got a purple ___ on his knee.", choices:["sore", "ache", "cough", "bruise"], answer:"bruise", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut4health_7", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She twisted her ankle and got a bad ___.", choices:["sore", "ache", "cough", "sprain"], answer:"sprain", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5tvp_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ — a programme that tells you what happened today in the world.", choices:["the news", "cartoon", "reality show", "chat show"], answer:"the news", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5tvp_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ — an animated programme, usually for children.", choices:["the news", "cartoon", "reality show", "chat show"], answer:"cartoon", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5tvp_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ — a programme that shows real people in everyday situations.", choices:["the news", "cartoon", "reality show", "chat show"], answer:"reality show", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5tvp_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ — a programme where a host talks to celebrities.", choices:["the news", "cartoon", "reality show", "chat show"], answer:"chat show", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5tvp_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ — a programme that gives information about a real subject.", choices:["the news", "cartoon", "reality show", "documentary"], answer:"documentary", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5tvv_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I love this series — I'm ___ the whole season this weekend.", choices:["binge-watching", "channel", "episode", "spoiler"], answer:"binge-watching", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5tvv_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The new ___ comes out every Friday.", choices:["binge-watching", "channel", "episode", "spoiler"], answer:"episode", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5tvv_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Netflix is my favourite ___.", choices:["binge-watching", "channel", "episode", "streaming service"], answer:"streaming service", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5tvv_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Can you change the ___? I don't like this programme.", choices:["binge-watching", "channel", "episode", "spoiler"], answer:"channel", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5inged_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The horror film was so ___ that I couldn't sleep.", choices:["bored", "boring", "frightened", "frightening"], answer:"frightening", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5inged_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I'm ___ — there's nothing to do here.", choices:["bored", "boring", "frightened", "frightening"], answer:"bored", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5inged_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He felt ___ when he forgot her name in front of everyone.", choices:["bored", "boring", "frightened", "embarrassed"], answer:"embarrassed", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5inged_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"After the long flight she was very ___.", choices:["bored", "boring", "frightened", "tired"], answer:"tired", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5inged_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The yoga class was very ___.", choices:["bored", "boring", "frightened", "relaxing"], answer:"relaxing", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, { id:"ut5inged_6", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We were ___ to see him at the party.", choices:["bored", "boring", "frightened", "surprised"], answer:"surprised", alts:[], category:"ut_gr" }, // ======================================================== // Module A Workbook — Grammar (Present & Past tenses) // Source: ModuleA_Workbook_KEY.docx // ======================================================== { id:"moda1a_1", sentence:"Online shopping ___ dramatically over the past decade.", base:"CHANGE", answer:"has changed", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda1a_2", sentence:"In 2008, when Chris Xu ___ the first version of Shein, hardly anyone in the West had heard of fast fashion from China.", base:"LAUNCH", answer:"launched", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda1a_3", sentence:"In 2008, when Chris Xu launched the first version of Shein, hardly anyone in the West ___ of fast fashion from China.", base:"HEAR", answer:"had heard", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda1a_4", sentence:"Today, more than forty percent of American consumers ___ on platforms like Temu.", base:"SHOP", answer:"shop", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda1a_5", sentence:"Right at this moment, somewhere in the world, thousands of buyers ___ their order numbers.", base:"CHECK", answer:"are checking", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda1a_6", sentence:"Online retailers ___ heavily in artificial intelligence ever since the pandemic forced everyone to stay home.", base:"INVEST", answer:"have been investing", alts:["have invested"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda1a_7", sentence:"When my parents were teenagers, they ___ to the nearest department store every Saturday.", base:"USED TO DRIVE", answer:"used to drive", alts:["would drive"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda1a_8", sentence:"When my parents were teenagers, they used to drive to the nearest department store every Saturday — they ___ buying their clothes online.", base:"NEVER IMAGINE", answer:"never imagined", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2b_1", sentence:"Last Friday my sister ___ three dresses on AliExpress.", base:"BUY", answer:"bought", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2b_2", sentence:"By the time the Cyber Monday sale ended, the website ___ twice.", base:"CRASH", answer:"had crashed", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2b_3", sentence:"I ___ for my Klarna refund for two weeks now.", base:"WAIT", answer:"have been waiting", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2b_4", sentence:"Look! That delivery van ___ into our driveway.", base:"REVERSE", answer:"is reversing", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2b_5", sentence:"Most teenagers ___ mobile shopping to desktop these days.", base:"PREFER", answer:"prefer", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2b_6", sentence:"While my mum ___ Wildberries, her phone suddenly died.", base:"BROWSE", answer:"was browsing", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2b_7", sentence:"Shein ___ exact figures about its factory conditions.", base:"NEVER DISCLOSE", answer:"has never disclosed", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2b_8", sentence:"Twelve years ago, online returns ___ much more complicated than they are today.", base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2b_9", sentence:"Influencer Hannah ___ the dress for an hour before she finally bought it.", base:"REVIEW", answer:"had been reviewing", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2b_10", sentence:"Since the de minimis exemption ended, parcels from China ___ several extra days to arrive in the United States.", base:"TAKE", answer:"have been taking", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3a_1", sentence:"Buy Now Pay Later services like Klarna and Afterpay ___ increasingly popular among teenagers.", base:"BECOME", answer:"are becoming", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3a_2", sentence:"Right now, many sixteen-year-olds ___ these apps to buy clothes they normally cannot afford.", base:"USE", answer:"are using", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3a_3", sentence:"Right now, many sixteen-year-olds are using these apps to buy clothes they normally ___.", base:"NOT AFFORD", answer:"cannot afford", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3a_4", sentence:"Klarna ___ interest-free payments split over four weeks.", base:"OFFER", answer:"offers", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3a_5", sentence:"This flexibility ___ especially to Gen Z shoppers, who prefer not to commit to a single payment.", base:"APPEAL", answer:"appeals", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3a_6", sentence:"This flexibility appeals especially to Gen Z shoppers, who ___ not to commit to a single payment.", base:"PREFER", answer:"prefer", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3a_7", sentence:"At the moment, however, regulators in the UK ___ new rules to protect young consumers.", base:"CONSIDER", answer:"are considering", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3a_8", sentence:"More and more teenagers ___ into debt.", base:"FALL", answer:"are falling", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3b_1", sentence:"My little brother ___ random stuff on Temu and then complaining about the quality.", base:"ALWAYS ORDER", answer:"is always ordering", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3b_2", sentence:"Why ___ your phone in shopping bags?", base:"YOU ALWAYS LEAVE", answer:"are you always leaving", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3b_3", sentence:"Influencers ___ that this season's must-have is completely different from last season's.", base:"ALWAYS CLAIM", answer:"are always claiming", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3b_4", sentence:"My grandmother ___ her password and asking me to reset it for her.", base:"ALWAYS FORGET", answer:"is always forgetting", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3b_5", sentence:"Klarna ___ me reminders even when I haven't bought anything.", base:"ALWAYS SEND", answer:"is always sending", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3b_6", sentence:"My friend ___ me her packages are coming from a 'small ethical brand' — they always turn out to be Shein.", base:"ALWAYS TELL", answer:"is always telling", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3c_1", sentence:"I ___ why anyone pays full price these days.", base:"NOT UNDERSTAND", answer:"do not understand", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3c_2", sentence:"Look — Mark ___ his new Temu sneakers right now.", base:"TRY ON", answer:"is trying on", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3c_3", sentence:"Live shopping ___ rapidly across Asian markets at the moment.", base:"GROW", answer:"is growing", alts:["grows"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3c_4", sentence:"This new app ___ to the same company that owns Temu.", base:"BELONG", answer:"belongs", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3c_5", sentence:"Currently I ___ about returning the dress I bought yesterday.", base:"THINK", answer:"am thinking", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda3c_6", sentence:"Most fast-fashion shoppers ___ their clothes are produced in China.", base:"KNOW", answer:"know", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4a_1", sentence:"I ___ for my Temu parcel for three weeks and it still hasn't arrived.", base:"WAIT", answer:"have been waiting", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4a_2", sentence:"The delivery driver ___ — your box is at the door.", base:"JUST LEAVE", answer:"has just left", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4a_3", sentence:"My friend's TikTok account ___ 100,000 followers since she started reviewing Temu finds.", base:"GAIN", answer:"has gained", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4a_4", sentence:"How long ___ Buy Now Pay Later apps?", base:"YOU USE", answer:"have you been using", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4a_5", sentence:"My older sister ___ anything online from outside Russia.", base:"NEVER BUY", answer:"has never bought", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4a_6", sentence:"I am exhausted because I ___ prices across five platforms all morning.", base:"COMPARE", answer:"have been comparing", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4a_7", sentence:"Returns ___ a serious problem for online retailers in the last few years.", base:"BECOME", answer:"have become", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4a_8", sentence:"I ___ the cheaper version of those sneakers.", base:"ALREADY ORDER", answer:"have already ordered", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4b_1", sentence:"Live shopping ___ for many years in China.", base:"EXIST", answer:"has existed", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4b_2", sentence:"But it ___ to attract Western audiences recently.", base:"ONLY START", answer:"has only started", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4b_3", sentence:"TikTok Shop, in particular, ___ heavily in live commerce features for over two years now.", base:"INVEST", answer:"has been investing", alts:["has invested"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4b_4", sentence:"Some Russian influencers ___ full-time careers around live streams on Wildberries.", base:"ALREADY BUILD", answer:"have already built", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4b_5", sentence:"Their audiences ___ steadily ever since the pandemic boosted online shopping.", base:"GROW", answer:"have been growing", alts:["have grown"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda4b_6", sentence:"However, regulators ___ how to deal with misleading product claims made on these streams.", base:"NOT YET DECIDE", answer:"have not yet decided", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5b_1", sentence:"I ___ a great time exploring TikTok Shop right now.", base:"HAVE", answer:"am having", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5b_2", sentence:"Tom ___ three credit cards but never uses them.", base:"HAVE", answer:"has", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5b_3", sentence:"I ___ what you mean about the markup on luxury bags.", base:"SEE", answer:"see", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5b_4", sentence:"Marina ___ her financial advisor about her BNPL debt tomorrow.", base:"SEE", answer:"is seeing", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5b_5", sentence:"This perfume ___ expensive — but the bottle says 'Made in Guangzhou'.", base:"SMELL", answer:"smells", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5b_6", sentence:"The product tester ___ each sample carefully on the live stream.", base:"SMELL", answer:"is smelling", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5b_7", sentence:"I ___ Shein's quality has dropped this year.", base:"THINK", answer:"think", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5b_8", sentence:"She ___ about cancelling her Klarna account at the moment.", base:"THINK", answer:"is thinking", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5c_1", sentence:"Subscription boxes ___ a fascinating new model in online retail.", base:"REPRESENT", answer:"represent", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5c_2", sentence:"Each month, the company ___ a curated set of products and sends them to subscribers.", base:"SELECT", answer:"selects", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5c_3", sentence:"Right now, my older cousin ___ for her beauty box from a new Russian startup.", base:"WAIT", answer:"is waiting", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5c_4", sentence:"She ___ what will be inside, and that is the whole point.", base:"NOT KNOW", answer:"does not know", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5c_5", sentence:"She does not know what will be inside, and that ___ the whole point.", base:"BE", answer:"is", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5c_6", sentence:"Personally, I ___ the idea — I prefer choosing my own products.", base:"NOT LIKE", answer:"do not like", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5c_7", sentence:"Personally, I do not like the idea — I ___ choosing my own products.", base:"PREFER", answer:"prefer", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda5c_8", sentence:"Still, I ___ trying one box just to see what the fuss is about.", base:"CURRENTLY CONSIDER", answer:"am currently considering", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6a_1", sentence:"While I ___ through Black Friday deals, my battery died.", base:"SCROLL", answer:"was scrolling", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6a_2", sentence:"Last November my mum ___ our family's first robot vacuum cleaner for half price.", base:"BUY", answer:"bought", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6a_3", sentence:"I ___ the football match — I was checking my Wildberries cart.", base:"NOT WATCH", answer:"was not watching", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6a_4", sentence:"When the live stream ___, over twenty thousand viewers joined immediately.", base:"START", answer:"started", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6a_5", sentence:"Throughout 2020, online retailers ___ for ways to handle the surge in orders.", base:"DESPERATELY LOOK", answer:"were desperately looking", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6a_6", sentence:"Cyber Monday ___ in 2005, when retailers noticed a spike in online sales the Monday after Thanksgiving.", base:"FIRST APPEAR", answer:"first appeared", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6b_1", sentence:"Two years ago, when my sister and I ___ our cousin's birthday, my phone suddenly lit up with twenty-seven Black Friday notifications.", base:"CELEBRATE", answer:"were celebrating", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6b_2", sentence:"Two years ago, when my sister and I were celebrating our cousin's birthday, my phone suddenly ___ with twenty-seven Black Friday notifications.", base:"LIGHT UP", answer:"lit up", alts:["lighted up"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6b_3", sentence:"My sister instantly ___ every single one of them.", base:"CHECK", answer:"checked", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6b_4", sentence:"While she ___ prices, the rest of us were trying to get her attention.", base:"COMPARE", answer:"was comparing", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6b_5", sentence:"While she was comparing prices, the rest of us ___ to get her attention.", base:"TRY", answer:"were trying", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda6b_6", sentence:"Eventually, she ___ two pairs of trainers, three hoodies and a hair dryer she did not even need.", base:"BUY", answer:"bought", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7a_1", sentence:"By the time the Cyber Monday sale finally ended, the website ___ three times.", base:"CRASH", answer:"had crashed", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7a_2", sentence:"When customs finally released our parcel, it ___ in the warehouse for over a month.", base:"SIT", answer:"had been sitting", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7a_3", sentence:"I felt confident at the till because I ___ prices on four platforms first.", base:"COMPARE", answer:"had compared", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7a_4", sentence:"The influencer was exhausted because she ___ for almost six hours.", base:"LIVE-STREAM", answer:"had been live-streaming", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7a_5", sentence:"By 2024, Shein ___ Zara in global apparel market share.", base:"OVERTAKE", answer:"had overtaken", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7a_6", sentence:"When the package finally arrived, my sister ___ what she ordered.", base:"ALREADY FORGET", answer:"had already forgotten", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7b_1", sentence:"Two months earlier, my older cousin ___ me about her own disaster with sizing, but I ignored her advice.", base:"WARN", answer:"had warned", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7b_2", sentence:"I ___ catalogues for almost a week when I finally found the perfect dress on Wildberries.", base:"BROWSE", answer:"had been browsing", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7b_3", sentence:"The seller ___ over two thousand five-star reviews, so I felt safe.", base:"ALREADY RECEIVE", answer:"had already received", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7b_4", sentence:"By the time the courier arrived a week later, I ___ my outfit in detail for days.", base:"PLAN", answer:"had been planning", alts:["had planned"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7b_5", sentence:"Of course, when I opened the box, I realised the dress ___ in a completely different colour.", base:"COME", answer:"had come", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7c_1", sentence:"By the time we arrived at the store, the iPhones ___.", base:"SELL OUT", answer:"had sold out", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7c_2", sentence:"She was tired because she ___ prices for three hours.", base:"COMPARE", answer:"had been comparing", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7c_3", sentence:"By 2022, Temu ___ in the United States.", base:"LAUNCH", answer:"had launched", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda7c_4", sentence:"When I got home, my parcel ___ for two days on the doorstep.", base:"WAIT", answer:"had been waiting", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8a_1", sentence:"Twenty years ago, my mother ___ for hours at the local store on Black Friday.", base:"USED TO QUEUE", answer:"used to queue", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8a_2", sentence:"When she was a teenager, my aunt ___ my grandmother to bring her clothes from her business trips abroad.", base:"WOULD ASK", answer:"would ask", alts:["used to ask"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8a_3", sentence:"I'm still not ___ extra for delivery — on Russian platforms it's almost always included.", base:"USED TO PAY", answer:"used to paying", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8a_4", sentence:"After several months of struggle, my dad finally ___ the Ozon app on his own.", base:"GET USED TO NAVIGATE", answer:"got used to navigating", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8a_5", sentence:"When she was in primary school, my sister ___ any review with fewer than five stars.", base:"NEVER WOULD TRUST", answer:"would never trust", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8a_6", sentence:"Most members of my parents' generation are now ___ their summer holidays online instead of through travel agents.", base:"USED TO BOOK", answer:"used to booking", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8a_7", sentence:"Before the pandemic, my grandfather ___ to the corner shop for milk every single morning.", base:"WOULD WALK", answer:"would walk", alts:["used to walk"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8a_8", sentence:"I ___ in a small town where the nearest shop closed at six.", base:"USED TO LIVE", answer:"used to live", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8b_1", sentence:"When I was little, I ___ afraid of the loud beeping at the supermarket till.", base:"BE", answer:"used to be", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8b_2", sentence:"I'm not ___ so long for a parcel.", base:"WAIT", answer:"used to waiting", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8b_3", sentence:"It took me three months to ___ the new banking app.", base:"USE", answer:"get used to using", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8b_4", sentence:"My grandfather ___ all his shopping lists on paper, but now he uses his phone.", base:"WRITE", answer:"used to write", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda8b_5", sentence:"Every Sunday morning, my mum ___ fresh bread for the whole family.", base:"BAKE", answer:"used to bake", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_1", sentence:"Five years ago, when I first started shopping online seriously, the world of micro-influencers ___ in the way it does today.", base:"NOT YET EXIST", answer:"did not yet exist", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_2", sentence:"Back then, my older sister ___ hours every weekend reading magazine reviews before buying anything.", base:"WOULD SPEND", answer:"would spend", alts:["used to spend"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_3", sentence:"These days, of course, things ___ completely different.", base:"BE", answer:"are", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_4", sentence:"Right now, while I ___ this essay, my best friend is watching a live unboxing on TikTok Shop.", base:"WRITE", answer:"am writing", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_5", sentence:"Right now, while I am writing this essay, my best friend ___ a live unboxing on TikTok Shop.", base:"WATCH", answer:"is watching", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_6", sentence:"She ___ the same girl for over a year.", base:"FOLLOW", answer:"has been following", alts:["has followed"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_7", sentence:"The most interesting trend, however, ___ the rise of so-called 'dupes'.", base:"BE", answer:"is", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_8", sentence:"Even before the recent TikTok scandals about luxury markups, ordinary teenagers ___ how to find cheaper alternatives.", base:"ALREADY KNOW", answer:"had already known", alts:["already knew"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_9", sentence:"When my cousin ___ school last summer, she had already built a small business reselling unbranded versions of designer sneakers.", base:"FINISH", answer:"finished", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_10", sentence:"When my cousin finished school last summer, she ___ a small business reselling unbranded versions of designer sneakers.", base:"ALREADY BUILD", answer:"had already built", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_11", sentence:"She ___ them directly from a factory in Putian for almost a year.", base:"SOURCE", answer:"had been sourcing", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_12", sentence:"Right now, her account on Avito ___ faster than ever.", base:"GROW", answer:"is growing", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_13", sentence:"I sometimes wonder whether teenagers of my parents' generation ___ any of this.", base:"WOULD EVER IMAGINE", answer:"would ever have imagined", alts:["could ever have imagined"], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda9a_14", sentence:"Probably not — they ___ too busy queuing outside actual shops.", base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda_ege_19", sentence:"When my mother ___ sixteen, the very idea of ordering clothes from another continent seemed impossible.", base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda_ege_20", sentence:"The very idea of ordering clothes from another continent ___ impossible.", base:"SEEM", answer:"seemed", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda_ege_21", sentence:"By the time she ___ university in 2002, the first Russian online stores had only just appeared.", base:"FINISH", answer:"had finished", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda_ege_22", sentence:"By the time she had finished university in 2002, the first Russian online stores ___.", base:"ONLY JUST APPEAR", answer:"had only just appeared", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda_ege_23", sentence:"Today, however, more than half of Russian teenagers ___ online at least once a week.", base:"SHOP", answer:"shop", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda_ege_24", sentence:"Their ___ now sometimes ask the teenagers to help them choose the right size online.", base:"PARENT", answer:"parents", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, // ======================================================== // Module A Workbook — Multiple Choice // Source: ModuleA_Workbook_KEY.docx // ======================================================== { id:"moda2c_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She has been working in e-commerce ___.", choices:["since 2020", "in 2020", "yesterday"], answer:"since 2020", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2c_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The website crashed twice ___.", choices:["last week", "lately", "for two days now"], answer:"last week", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2c_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I am scrolling through Temu ___.", choices:["right now", "every Saturday", "since yesterday"], answer:"right now", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2c_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"By the time the parcel arrived, the website ___.", choices:["had already refunded", "is refunding", "refunds"], answer:"had already refunded", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, { id:"moda2c_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ young people buy most of their clothes online.", choices:["These days", "yesterday", "while shopping"], answer:"These days", alts:[], category:"modA_gr" }, // ======================================================== // Suffix Spelling — 5 Mixed Tests (word_formation_tests-2.docx) // Different sentences from the Test 1–5 set; same suffix skills. // ======================================================== { id:"sfx1_1", sentence:"The two researchers worked completely ___ of each other on the same problem.", base:"DEPEND", answer:"independent", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_2", sentence:"The new coating made the fabric highly ___ to fire and water damage.", base:"RESIST", answer:"resistant", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_3", sentence:"After three days of ___ rain, the river finally burst its banks.", base:"PERSIST", answer:"persistent", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_4", sentence:"The professor warned that the data we had gathered was not ___ to the main hypothesis.", base:"RELEVANCE", answer:"relevant", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_5", sentence:"Sarah is an extremely ___ student who reads three serious novels every week.", base:"INTELLIGENCE", answer:"intelligent", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_6", sentence:"As the BBC's local ___ in Moscow, she has filed dozens of reports this year.", base:"CORRESPOND", answer:"correspondent", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_7", sentence:"The forest provides an ___ supply of mushrooms and berries every autumn.", base:"ABUNDANCE", answer:"abundant", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_8", sentence:"The ___ pleaded not guilty to all three charges in the courtroom.", base:"DEFEND", answer:"defendant", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_9", sentence:"He is the only living ___ of the famous Russian poet Tyutchev.", base:"DESCEND", answer:"descendant", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_10", sentence:"The surgeon's ___ handed her the next instrument without a word.", base:"ASSIST", answer:"assistant", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_11", sentence:"The ___ of life on other planets remains one of the great questions of modern science.", base:"EXIST", answer:"existence", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_12", sentence:"Regular ___ of the bridge is essential to prevent rust from spreading.", base:"MAINTAIN", answer:"maintenance", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_13", sentence:"Class ___ has fallen sharply since the start of the autumn term.", base:"ATTEND", answer:"attendance", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_14", sentence:"Her ___ in learning the violin eventually paid off — she now plays in the city orchestra.", base:"PERSEVERE", answer:"perseverance", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_15", sentence:"The sudden ___ of strange lights in the sky frightened the villagers.", base:"OCCUR", answer:"occurrence", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_16", sentence:"Most of their ___ during the war years was conducted entirely in code.", base:"CORRESPOND", answer:"correspondence", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_17", sentence:"Few people grasped the ___ of his speech until many weeks afterwards.", base:"IMPORTANT", answer:"importance", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_18", sentence:"The teacher offered some practical ___ on how to revise for the speaking exam.", base:"GUIDE", answer:"guidance", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_19", sentence:"After the storm, the village had clear ___ of the destruction it had suffered.", base:"EVIDENT", answer:"evidence", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_20", sentence:"The actor's first ___ on stage was met with thunderous applause.", base:"APPEAR", answer:"appearance", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_21", sentence:"Her ___ performance at the international piano competition earned a standing ovation.", base:"BRILLIANCE", answer:"brilliant", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx1_22", sentence:"Mr. Chen, the school's ___, addressed the entire student body at the assembly.", base:"SUPERINTEND", answer:"superintendent", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_1", sentence:"The sudden ___ of the propane tank shattered windows for blocks around.", base:"EXPLODE", answer:"explosion", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_2", sentence:"We need written ___ from a parent before the trip can go ahead.", base:"PERMIT", answer:"permission", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_3", sentence:"Three students faced ___ after the cheating scandal at the gymnasium.", base:"EXPEL", answer:"expulsion", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_4", sentence:"The court's ___ to release him on bail caused public outrage.", base:"DECIDE", answer:"decision", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_5", sentence:"After hours of heated ___, the council voted to keep the village library open.", base:"DISCUSS", answer:"discussion", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_6", sentence:"The company has announced an aggressive ___ into Southeast Asian markets.", base:"EXPAND", answer:"expansion", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_7", sentence:"The most respected ___ in the village shop also taught piano to local children.", base:"MUSIC", answer:"musician", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_8", sentence:"My great-aunt was a well-known ___ in Kazan before the war.", base:"PHYSIC", answer:"physician", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_9", sentence:"The young ___ won the Fields Medal at the age of only twenty-eight.", base:"MATHEMATICS", answer:"mathematician", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_10", sentence:"She became the youngest ___ ever to represent her region in parliament.", base:"POLITICS", answer:"politician", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_11", sentence:"The ___ of his calculations was double-checked by three independent teams.", base:"ACCURATE", answer:"accuracy", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_12", sentence:"Modern technology threatens our ___ in subtle ways.", base:"PRIVATE", answer:"privacy", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_13", sentence:"On hearing the news of her acceptance to the conservatory, she was overcome with sheer ___.", base:"ECSTATIC", answer:"ecstasy", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_14", sentence:"As a child he spent hours absorbed in his own ___ world of dragons and wizards.", base:"FANTASTIC", answer:"fantasy", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_15", sentence:"The professor's ___ of always wearing odd socks had become a department joke.", base:"IDIOSYNCRATIC", answer:"idiosyncrasy", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_16", sentence:"Pointing out faults you have yourself is the very definition of ___.", base:"HYPOCRITE", answer:"hypocrisy", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_17", sentence:"The doctor prescribed something for her growing ___ about the exam.", base:"ANXIOUS", answer:"anxiety", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_18", sentence:"Modern ___ depends on its citizens being well informed about the issues.", base:"SOCIAL", answer:"society", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_19", sentence:"His collection contained a wide ___ of vintage stamps.", base:"VARIOUS", answer:"variety", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_20", sentence:"The ___ of the human brain still defies our best attempts to model it artificially.", base:"COMPLEX", answer:"complexity", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_21", sentence:"He grasped every ___ to practise his English while travelling abroad.", base:"OPPORTUNE", answer:"opportunity", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx2_22", sentence:"Pay close ___ to the verb endings, especially in the irregular forms.", base:"ATTENTIVE", answer:"attention", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_1", sentence:"Sasha proved a thoroughly ___ guide through the museum's many halls.", base:"DEPEND", answer:"dependable", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_2", sentence:"The minister was held entirely ___ for the failure of the project.", base:"RESPOND", answer:"responsible", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_3", sentence:"The new yoga teacher is remarkably ___ even in the most advanced poses.", base:"FLEX", answer:"flexible", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_4", sentence:"The umbrella turned out to be ___, which made it easy to carry in a small bag.", base:"COLLAPSE", answer:"collapsible", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_5", sentence:"The change in her behaviour was barely ___ during the first week.", base:"NOTICE", answer:"noticeable", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_6", sentence:"The English weather is famously ___, even in the middle of summer.", base:"CHANGE", answer:"changeable", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_7", sentence:"With careful planning, even a small budget can become surprisingly ___.", base:"MANAGE", answer:"manageable", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_8", sentence:"After thirty years in the field, she is exceptionally ___ about Romantic poetry.", base:"KNOWLEDGE", answer:"knowledgeable", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_9", sentence:"The mountain hut is ___ only by a narrow footpath at the back of the village.", base:"ACCESS", answer:"accessible", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_10", sentence:"Her experience with rare languages makes her ___ to the research team.", base:"DISPENSE", answer:"indispensable", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_11", sentence:"For her, that old necklace from her grandmother was simply ___.", base:"VALUE", answer:"invaluable", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_12", sentence:"The judge ruled that the conduct was not ___ in the eyes of the company.", base:"DEFEND", answer:"defensible", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_13", sentence:"The car was sold as a ___, perfect for sunny weekend drives.", base:"CONVERT", answer:"convertible", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_14", sentence:"The teacher's request was perfectly ___ — the essay was due by Friday.", base:"REASON", answer:"reasonable", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_15", sentence:"The ___ on the corner is the only one in town still making bread by hand.", base:"BAKE", answer:"bakery", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_16", sentence:"The hospital's children's ___ was bright and full of colourful toys.", base:"NURSE", answer:"nursery", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_17", sentence:"She has worked at the central university ___ for over twenty years now.", base:"LIBRARIAN", answer:"library", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_18", sentence:"Please accept a ___ bottle of wine as our gift to you.", base:"COMPLIMENT", answer:"complimentary", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_19", sentence:"The chef explained how the wine and the cheese were perfectly ___.", base:"COMPLEMENT", answer:"complementary", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_20", sentence:"The car remained ___ in heavy traffic for nearly forty minutes.", base:"STATION", answer:"stationary", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_21", sentence:"She bought a beautiful set of ___ for the start of the school year.", base:"STATIONER", answer:"stationery", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx3_22", sentence:"The local ___ industry has been the pride of this town for two centuries.", base:"BREW", answer:"brewery", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_1", sentence:"The company spent millions to ___ its new line in glossy magazines.", base:"ADVERTISEMENT", answer:"advertise", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_2", sentence:"Always ___ the customer before you raise the price.", base:"ADVICE", answer:"advise", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_3", sentence:"Maria's monologue ___ everyone in the audience that evening.", base:"SURPRISE", answer:"surprised", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_4", sentence:"She has been ___ all morning in the school gym.", base:"EXERCISE", answer:"exercising", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_5", sentence:"It took the engineer several days to ___ a workable plan for the bridge.", base:"DEVICE", answer:"devise", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_6", sentence:"It was her job to ___ the new interns through their first month.", base:"SUPERVISION", answer:"supervise", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_7", sentence:"The chemist used heat to ___ the wax for the experiment.", base:"LIQUID", answer:"liquefy", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_8", sentence:"The endless lectures seemed to ___ the audience into total silence.", base:"STUPID", answer:"stupefy", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_9", sentence:"Without a fridge, the meat would soon ___ in the summer heat.", base:"PUTRID", answer:"putrefy", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_10", sentence:"Air becomes thinner as you climb — it begins to ___ rapidly above 4,000 metres.", base:"RARE", answer:"rarefy", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_11", sentence:"We need to ___ the rules so that younger students can follow them.", base:"SIMPLE", answer:"simplify", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_12", sentence:"The view from the top of the hill was absolutely ___.", base:"BEAUTY", answer:"beautiful", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_13", sentence:"She was deeply ___ to her teacher for the recommendation letter.", base:"GRATITUDE", answer:"grateful", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_14", sentence:"The campaign proved unexpectedly ___ across all age groups.", base:"SUCCESS", answer:"successful", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_15", sentence:"The young Russian player was so ___ at chess that he beat the adult champion.", base:"SKILL", answer:"skilful", alts:["skillful"], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_16", sentence:"We hope to ___ all our promises before the end of the year.", base:"FULFILMENT", answer:"fulfil", alts:["fulfill"], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_17", sentence:"He worked ___ hard to finish the project on time.", base:"REAL", answer:"really", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_18", sentence:"The vase ___ slipped from her hands and shattered on the floor.", base:"ACCIDENT", answer:"accidentally", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_19", sentence:"The choir sang ___ even without their regular conductor.", base:"BEAUTIFUL", answer:"beautifully", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_20", sentence:"___ speaking, the museum's collection of icons is unrivalled in Europe.", base:"TRUE", answer:"truly", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_21", sentence:"He spoke ___ at the conference about the official report.", base:"PUBLIC", answer:"publicly", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_22", sentence:"The shop assistant didn't ___ me at first because I had cut my hair short.", base:"RECOGNITION", answer:"recognise", alts:["recognize"], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx4_23", sentence:"The team ___ deserved the prize for their dedication and original thinking.", base:"WHOLE", answer:"wholly", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_1", sentence:"The professor ___ to several recent studies on bilingualism in her lecture.", base:"REFER", answer:"referred", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_2", sentence:"Several strange incidents ___ during the expedition that summer in the Urals.", base:"OCCUR", answer:"occurred", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_3", sentence:"The children spent the afternoon ___ in the meadow beyond the school.", base:"PICNIC", answer:"picnicking", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_4", sentence:"The crowd began ___ as soon as the fire alarm sounded.", base:"PANIC", answer:"panicking", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_5", sentence:"The student was busy ___ his thesis on screen all morning.", base:"FORMAT", answer:"formatting", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_6", sentence:"After a long day at the office, she felt ___ than ever to be coming home.", base:"HAPPY", answer:"happier", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_7", sentence:"Despite the rain, the children ___ every minute of their picnic by the lake.", base:"ENJOY", answer:"enjoyed", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_8", sentence:"They spent a peaceful afternoon ___ down the river.", base:"CANOE", answer:"canoeing", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_9", sentence:"The portrait of my grandfather was painted by an ___ Russian artist in 1885.", base:"AGE", answer:"ageing", alts:["aging"], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_10", sentence:"The artist was ___ a length of silk in deep blue for the costume.", base:"DYE", answer:"dyeing", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_11", sentence:"By the time we arrived, the elderly patient was clearly ___ and could barely speak.", base:"DIE", answer:"dying", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_12", sentence:"The two ministers spent hours ___ on the exact wording of the treaty.", base:"AGREE", answer:"agreeing", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_13", sentence:"The family spent three months ___ across South America by train.", base:"TRAVEL", answer:"travelled", alts:["traveled"], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_14", sentence:"Three young children were ___ from a holiday resort in Spain last night.", base:"KIDNAP", answer:"kidnapped", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_15", sentence:"Even after twenty years in London, his ___ of difficult words is still imperfect.", base:"PRONOUNCE", answer:"pronunciation", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_16", sentence:"After a long ___ with the headmaster, they finally reached a compromise.", base:"ARGUE", answer:"argument", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_17", sentence:"Paula came ___ in the marathon, just ahead of her teammate.", base:"NINE", answer:"ninth", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_18", sentence:"The road was ___ for cyclists because of the heavy traffic that Saturday.", base:"AWE", answer:"awful", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_19", sentence:"He kept his ___ even while the others around him were panicking.", base:"WISE", answer:"wisdom", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_20", sentence:"The Supreme Court reserved its ___ on the case for several months.", base:"JUDGE", answer:"judgement", alts:["judgment"], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_21", sentence:"There was no ___ of his email until late the next morning.", base:"ACKNOWLEDGE", answer:"acknowledgement", alts:["acknowledgment"], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_22", sentence:"The boys gave their teacher a ___ look as they handed in identical essays.", base:"MISCHIEF", answer:"mischievous", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_23", sentence:"The new policy will ___ improve the conditions of part-time staff.", base:"DEFINITE", answer:"definitely", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_24", sentence:"Strict laws have been passed to combat workplace ___.", base:"HARASS", answer:"harassment", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_25", sentence:"After the divorce, the couple lived in ___ houses on opposite sides of town.", base:"SEPARATION", answer:"separate", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_26", sentence:"The state visit was a special ___ for everyone at the embassy.", base:"OCCASIONAL", answer:"occasion", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, { id:"sfx5_27", sentence:"Holding a foreign passport is a ___ many people take for granted.", base:"PRIVILEGED", answer:"privilege", alts:[], category:"sfx_wf" }, // ======================================================== // Grammar Sets — Tenses & Participles, 19–24 (Grammar_5_Sets + KEY_Simple.docx) // ======================================================== { id:"g5_s1_19", sentence:"Over the years, I ___ many types of exercise, but running remains my favourite.", base:"TRY", answer:"have tried", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s1_20", sentence:"___ regularly helps lower blood pressure and increase energy levels.", base:"RUN", answer:"running", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s1_21", sentence:"Last month I ___ my first marathon and finished in under four hours.", base:"COMPLETE", answer:"completed", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s1_22", sentence:"Engineering in the transport sector ___ rapidly over the past decade.", base:"CHANGE", answer:"has changed", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s1_23", sentence:"A new generation of engineers ___ to work with complex digital systems.", base:"TRAIN", answer:"is being trained", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s1_24", sentence:"The skills ___ in traditional engineering are still in high demand today.", base:"DEVELOP", answer:"developed", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s2_19", sentence:"The best children's films ___ audiences of every age with powerful stories.", base:"PROVIDE", answer:"provide", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s2_20", sentence:"A scene ___ a child separated from a parent often leaves viewers in tears.", base:"SHOW", answer:"showing", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s2_21", sentence:"While I ___ the film last night, I noticed how well the characters were developed.", base:"WATCH", answer:"was watching", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s2_22", sentence:"Technology ___ the way we live and work since the 1990s.", base:"TRANSFORM", answer:"has transformed", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s2_23", sentence:"Right now, millions of people ___ on their devices all over the world.", base:"WORK", answer:"are working", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s2_24", sentence:"The first smartphone ___ in 2007, and it changed everything.", base:"RELEASE", answer:"was released", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s3_19", sentence:"Scientists ___ the connection between exercise and mental health for decades.", base:"STUDY", answer:"have been studying", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s3_20", sentence:"People ___ in regular physical activity report lower levels of stress.", base:"ENGAGE", answer:"engaging", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s3_21", sentence:"A study ___ last year showed that even 20 minutes of walking helps.", base:"PUBLISH", answer:"published", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s3_22", sentence:"The film industry ___ significantly since the arrival of streaming services.", base:"EVOLVE", answer:"has evolved", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s3_23", sentence:"Many cinemas ___ during the pandemic, but some have now reopened.", base:"CLOSE", answer:"closed", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s3_24", sentence:"Films ___ for streaming platforms often have bigger budgets than before.", base:"MAKE", answer:"made", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s4_19", sentence:"Professional athletes ___ for years before they reach the top of their sport.", base:"TRAIN", answer:"train", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s4_20", sentence:"The Olympic champion ___ when her coach first noticed her talent.", base:"PRACTISE", answer:"was practising", alts:["was practicing"], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s4_21", sentence:"A training programme ___ specifically for young athletes has been launched.", base:"DESIGN", answer:"designed", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s4_22", sentence:"Online education ___ more popular since the pandemic began.", base:"BECOME", answer:"has become", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s4_23", sentence:"Students ___ from home often find it easier to manage their time.", base:"STUDY", answer:"studying", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s4_24", sentence:"The course I ___ right now covers both theory and practical skills.", base:"TAKE", answer:"am taking", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s5_19", sentence:"The new bridge ___ by a team of international engineers last year.", base:"BUILD", answer:"was built", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s5_20", sentence:"___ with modern technology, the project was completed ahead of schedule.", base:"EQUIP", answer:"equipped", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s5_21", sentence:"The engineers ___ on this project for three years before it opened.", base:"WORK", answer:"had been working", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s5_22", sentence:"Research shows that children ___ too much TV tend to read less.", base:"WATCH", answer:"watching", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s5_23", sentence:"A report ___ recently suggests limiting screen time to two hours a day.", base:"RELEASE", answer:"released", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, { id:"g5_s5_24", sentence:"Parents ___ about the effects of social media on their children.", base:"WORRY", answer:"are worried", alts:[], category:"g5_gr" }, // ======================================================== // WF & Lexis Sets — Word Formation, 25–29 (WF_MC_5_Sets-2 + KEY.docx) // ======================================================== { id:"wm5wf_s1_25", sentence:"Regular exercise is ___ beneficial for both physical and mental health.", base:"INCREDIBLE", answer:"incredibly", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s1_26", sentence:"People who exercise often report feeling more ___ and productive at work.", base:"ENERGY", answer:"energetic", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s1_27", sentence:"Running in particular has gained ___ popularity in recent years.", base:"CONSIDER", answer:"considerable", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s1_28", sentence:"The positive effects of exercise on mood are ___ documented.", base:"SCIENCE", answer:"scientifically", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s1_29", sentence:"Even a short daily walk can lead to ___ improvements in overall wellbeing.", base:"NOTICE", answer:"noticeable", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s2_25", sentence:"Transport engineering has become ___ complex in the digital age.", base:"INCREASE", answer:"increasingly", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s2_26", sentence:"Engineers must now have ___ knowledge of computer systems.", base:"EXTEND", answer:"extensive", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s2_27", sentence:"The ___ skills of aerodynamics and mechanics remain essential.", base:"TRADITION", answer:"traditional", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s2_28", sentence:"Project management and teamwork are ___ important for large-scale projects.", base:"EQUAL", answer:"equally", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s2_29", sentence:"The ___ of new transport systems requires years of careful planning.", base:"DEVELOP", answer:"development", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s3_25", sentence:"The film industry has undergone ___ changes since the arrival of streaming.", base:"DRAMA", answer:"dramatic", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s3_26", sentence:"Many ___ cinemas struggled to survive during the pandemic.", base:"TRADITION", answer:"traditional", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s3_27", sentence:"However, the demand for high-quality ___ content remains strong.", base:"ENTERTAIN", answer:"entertainment", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s3_28", sentence:"Film studios are now investing ___ in special effects and technology.", base:"HEAVY", answer:"heavily", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s3_29", sentence:"The ___ between cinema and streaming platforms continues to evolve.", base:"RELATE", answer:"relationship", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s4_25", sentence:"Online education has become ___ popular since the pandemic.", base:"WIDE", answer:"widely", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s4_26", sentence:"Students appreciate the ___ of learning from home.", base:"CONVENIENT", answer:"convenience", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s4_27", sentence:"However, some learners find it difficult to stay ___ without face-to-face interaction.", base:"MOTIVATE", answer:"motivated", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s4_28", sentence:"Teachers have had to develop new ___ skills to engage online audiences.", base:"PRESENT", answer:"presentation", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s4_29", sentence:"The ___ of technology in education is likely to continue growing.", base:"IMPORTANT", answer:"importance", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s5_25", sentence:"Effective communication is ___ important in both personal and professional life.", base:"EXTREME", answer:"extremely", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s5_26", sentence:"Good communicators know how to express ideas ___ and persuasively.", base:"CLEAR", answer:"clearly", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s5_27", sentence:"Active listening is often ___ as a key communication skill.", base:"LOOK", answer:"overlooked", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s5_28", sentence:"Non-verbal signals can be just as ___ as words in conveying meaning.", base:"POWER", answer:"powerful", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, { id:"wm5wf_s5_29", sentence:"Building strong ___ requires patience and genuine interest in others.", base:"RELATION", answer:"relationships", alts:[], category:"wm5_wf" }, // ======================================================== // WF & Lexis Sets — Lexical Choice, 30–36 · 4 options (WF_MC_5_Sets-2 + KEY.docx) // ======================================================== { id:"wm5mc_s1_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The best children's films ___ audiences of all ages with powerful storytelling.", choices:["provide", "supply", "give", "deliver"], answer:"provide", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s1_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"They deal with serious ___ matter like loss and separation in ways that young viewers can understand.", choices:["theme", "topic", "subject", "issue"], answer:"subject", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s1_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Great filmmakers know how to ___ for emotional depth while keeping the narrative accessible.", choices:["reach", "aim", "point", "direct"], answer:"aim", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s1_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"A scene showing a child parted from a parent often leaves audiences in ___.", choices:["cries", "tears", "weeps", "sobs"], answer:"tears", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s1_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"These films also ___ important questions about identity and belonging.", choices:["rise", "raise", "arise", "arouse"], answer:"raise", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s1_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Of course, humour plays a ___ role too — the best films balance laughter with genuine emotion.", choices:["vital", "alive", "living", "live"], answer:"vital", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s1_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ all, a truly great children's film must have sincerity and make audiences care about its characters.", choices:["Over", "Above", "Beyond", "Upon"], answer:"Above", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s2_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Reading is one of the most ___ activities for mental development.", choices:["awarded", "rewarded", "rewarding", "awarding"], answer:"rewarding", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s2_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Studies have shown that people who read regularly tend to have better ___ skills.", choices:["communication", "talking", "speaking", "saying"], answer:"communication", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s2_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Books allow us to ___ across different perspectives and experiences without leaving our homes.", choices:["go", "come", "get", "run"], answer:"come", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s2_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"A good novel can ___ us to distant places and times.", choices:["transfer", "transmit", "transport", "translate"], answer:"transport", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s2_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Many successful people ___ their achievements to a lifelong habit of reading.", choices:["owe", "own", "due", "thank"], answer:"owe", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s2_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"They believe books helped them ___ up with creative solutions to problems.", choices:["make", "come", "think", "bring"], answer:"come", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s2_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ the rise of digital media, printed books continue to hold a special place in many people's hearts.", choices:["Although", "Despite", "However", "Nevertheless"], answer:"Despite", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s3_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Good nutrition ___ a crucial role in maintaining overall health.", choices:["does", "makes", "plays", "takes"], answer:"plays", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s3_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Experts recommend eating a ___ diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.", choices:["balanced", "equal", "fair", "steady"], answer:"balanced", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s3_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Many people find it difficult to ___ to healthy eating habits in our fast-paced world.", choices:["hold", "keep", "stick", "stay"], answer:"stick", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s3_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Convenience foods often ___ out over healthier options.", choices:["win", "beat", "gain", "take"], answer:"win", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s3_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"However, making small changes can ___ a significant difference over time.", choices:["do", "make", "have", "give"], answer:"make", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s3_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Starting the day with a nutritious breakfast helps ___ energy levels stable.", choices:["hold", "keep", "stay", "remain"], answer:"keep", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s3_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"It's important to ___ in mind that healthy eating is not about strict diets but about making sustainable choices.", choices:["bear", "keep", "hold", "take"], answer:"keep", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s4_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Cities around the world are ___ home to an increasing variety of wildlife.", choices:["turning", "becoming", "getting", "growing"], answer:"becoming", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s4_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Animals have learned to ___ to urban environments in surprising ways.", choices:["adopt", "adapt", "adjust", "admit"], answer:"adapt", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s4_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Foxes, for example, have become a common ___ in many European cities.", choices:["view", "sight", "look", "scene"], answer:"sight", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s4_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"They have learned to ___ advantage of food sources that humans leave behind.", choices:["make", "take", "have", "get"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s4_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Some cities have started programmes to help wildlife ___ alongside human residents.", choices:["exist", "live", "stay", "remain"], answer:"exist", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s4_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"These initiatives aim to ___ awareness about the importance of biodiversity.", choices:["rise", "raise", "arise", "arouse"], answer:"raise", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s4_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ the challenges of city life, many species are managing not just to survive but to flourish.", choices:["Although", "However", "Despite", "Nevertheless"], answer:"Despite", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s5_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Space exploration continues to ___ the imagination of people around the world.", choices:["seize", "grasp", "capture", "catch"], answer:"capture", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s5_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Recent missions have ___ light on the possibility of life on other planets.", choices:["put", "shed", "cast", "throw"], answer:"shed", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s5_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Private companies are now ___ a significant role in developing new space technologies.", choices:["doing", "making", "playing", "taking"], answer:"playing", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s5_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"They have managed to ___ down the cost of rocket launches dramatically.", choices:["bring", "put", "take", "get"], answer:"bring", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s5_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Scientists believe that establishing a permanent ___ on Mars could become reality within decades.", choices:["house", "home", "base", "place"], answer:"base", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s5_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Such missions would ___ for years of careful preparation.", choices:["ask", "call", "demand", "require"], answer:"call", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, { id:"wm5mc_s5_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ the enormous challenges involved, humanity's dream of becoming a multi-planetary species seems closer than ever.", choices:["Although", "Despite", "However", "Moreover"], answer:"Despite", alts:[], category:"wm5_mc" }, // ======================================================== // EGE Russia — Word Formation, 25–29 (EGE_WordFormation_25-29_Russia.docx) // history · geography · inventions · inventors // ======================================================== { id:"ruwf_v1_25", sentence:"The reign of Peter I (1682–1725), also called Peter the Great, is one of the most decisive ___ moments in Russia’s past.", base:"HISTORY", answer:"historical", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v1_26", sentence:"Peter believed that the entire system of ___ in his country needed urgent reform along Western European lines.", base:"GOVERN", answer:"government", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v1_27", sentence:"Determined to bring his nation closer to Europe, the young tsar set out to ___ Russia in every aspect — from the army to education.", base:"MODERN", answer:"modernise", alts:["modernize"], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v1_28", sentence:"The ___ of his vision is reflected in St Petersburg, the new capital that he founded in 1703 to serve as a “window to Europe.”", base:"BOLD", answer:"boldness", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v1_29", sentence:"Today, Peter’s reforms are still ___ studied by scholars around the world.", base:"WIDE", answer:"widely", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v2_25", sentence:"Indigenous ___ peoples have lived in this enormous region for thousands of years and have developed unique cultures adapted to the harsh climate.", base:"SIBERIA", answer:"Siberian", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v2_26", sentence:"The sheer ___ of the land — over 13 million square kilometres — has long made the region a place of legend and mystery.", base:"VAST", answer:"vastness", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v2_27", sentence:"This part of northern Asia is home to a wide variety of ___ wonders, from Lake Baikal, the deepest freshwater lake on Earth, to the Putorana Plateau.", base:"NATURE", answer:"natural", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v2_28", sentence:"In the late 16th century, Russian explorers and Cossacks moved east, and ___ from the western parts of the empire began to arrive in growing numbers.", base:"SETTLE", answer:"settlers", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v2_29", sentence:"The region’s resources, climate, and rich cultural heritage make it ___ different from any other part of Russia.", base:"REMARKABLE", answer:"remarkably", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v3_25", sentence:"The Yermak, the world’s first Arctic icebreaker, was designed by Russian admiral and ___ Stepan Makarov in 1898.", base:"INVENT", answer:"inventor", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v3_26", sentence:"Until then, navigation in heavy Arctic conditions had been considered almost ___ , especially during the long winter months.", base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v3_27", sentence:"The Yermak was specifically built to break through dangerous ___ waters and open shipping routes far above the Arctic Circle.", base:"ICE", answer:"icy", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v3_28", sentence:"Makarov’s design represented a major ___ breakthrough and influenced ship construction across the world for decades.", base:"TECHNOLOGY", answer:"technological", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v3_29", sentence:"The vessel operated ___ in the Arctic for more than half a century, proving that Russian engineering could solve some of the toughest navigation challenges of its time.", base:"SUCCESS", answer:"successfully", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v4_25", sentence:"Mikhail Lomonosov (1711–1765) is widely regarded as the founding father of modern ___ scholarship.", base:"RUSSIA", answer:"Russian", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v4_26", sentence:"Born into a poor fishing family in the far north, he received almost no formal schooling as a child, yet by the age of nineteen he had become one of the most self- ___ men of his era.", base:"EDUCATE", answer:"educated", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v4_27", sentence:"Lomonosov made important contributions to physics, chemistry, astronomy and even literature, demonstrating his deep ___ interests across many fields.", base:"SCIENCE", answer:"scientific", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v4_28", sentence:"His ideas about the physical world were so advanced that they were ___ rejected by some of his European contemporaries.", base:"ORIGIN", answer:"originally", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, { id:"ruwf_v4_29", sentence:"Even today, scholars sometimes ___ the depth of his contribution to modern thought.", base:"ESTIMATE", answer:"underestimate", alts:[], category:"ru_wf" }, // ======================================================== // EGE Russia — Grammar, 19–24 (EGE_Grammar_19-24_Russia-2.docx) // Kulikovo · Baikal · Periodic Table · Tsiolkovsky // ======================================================== { id:"rugr_v1_19", sentence:"The Battle of Kulikovo, which ___ place on 8 September 1380, was one of the most decisive moments in Russian history.", base:"TAKE", answer:"took", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v1_20", sentence:"Before the battle, the Mongol Golden Horde ___ over Russian lands for nearly 150 years.", base:"RULE", answer:"had ruled", alts:["had been ruling"], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v1_21", sentence:"The Russian army ___ by Grand Prince Dmitry of Moscow, who later became known as Dmitry Donskoy.", base:"LEAD", answer:"was led", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v1_22", sentence:"According to old chronicles, the warriors ___ at the Don River prayed for victory before the fight.", base:"GATHER", answer:"gathering", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v1_23", sentence:"The battle is regarded as one of the ___ events of medieval Russian history.", base:"GREAT", answer:"greatest", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v1_24", sentence:"Dmitry ___ fought in the front lines, dressed as an ordinary soldier, to inspire his men.", base:"HE", answer:"himself", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v2_19", sentence:"Lake Baikal ___ in southern Siberia and contains about twenty per cent of the world’s fresh surface water.", base:"LOCATE", answer:"is located", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v2_20", sentence:"With a depth of more than 1,600 metres, Baikal is the ___ freshwater lake on Earth.", base:"DEEP", answer:"deepest", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v2_21", sentence:"By the time scientists began detailed studies of Baikal in the 19th century, the lake ___ for many millennia.", base:"EXIST", answer:"had existed", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v2_22", sentence:"___ unique waters are home to hundreds of species, more than 80 per cent of which are endemic to the lake.", base:"THIS", answer:"these", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v2_23", sentence:"Among the most famous animals ___ in the lake is the nerpa, the only freshwater seal in the world.", base:"FIND", answer:"found", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v2_24", sentence:"If pollution ___ unchecked, the unique ecosystem of Baikal could face serious damage.", base:"CONTINUE", answer:"continued", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v3_19", sentence:"The Periodic Table of Chemical Elements ___ by Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869.", base:"CREATE", answer:"was created", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v3_20", sentence:"Mendeleev spent years carefully ___ all the elements known at that time according to their atomic mass.", base:"ORGANISE", answer:"organising", alts:["organizing"], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v3_21", sentence:"According to a popular legend, the basic structure of the table ___ to him in a dream.", base:"COME", answer:"came", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v3_22", sentence:"His system proved to be far ___ than any earlier classification because it left empty spaces for elements not yet discovered.", base:"ACCURATE", answer:"more accurate", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v3_23", sentence:"While Mendeleev ___ his classification, he often imagined chemical elements as a kind of musical scale revealing deep order in nature.", base:"DEVELOP", answer:"was developing", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v3_24", sentence:"Since 1869, the Periodic Table ___ a basic tool of every chemistry student around the world.", base:"BECOME", answer:"has become", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v4_19", sentence:"Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, often ___ the father of Russian rocketry, lost his hearing at the age of nine but devoted his entire life to the dream of space travel.", base:"CALL", answer:"called", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v4_20", sentence:"Despite his disability and lack of formal education, he became one of the ___ thinkers in the history of cosmonautics.", base:"INFLUENTIAL", answer:"most influential", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v4_21", sentence:"By the time he published his famous rocket equation in 1903, Tsiolkovsky ___ several theoretical works on space flight.", base:"WRITE", answer:"had written", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v4_22", sentence:"Tsiolkovsky believed that future generations ___ travel to other planets and even live in space colonies.", base:"WILL", answer:"would", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v4_23", sentence:"Even in his later years, he loved teaching ___ at the local school in Kaluga and inspired them with stories about the future of space exploration.", base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, { id:"rugr_v4_24", sentence:"His pioneering ideas inspired generations of engineers ___ on the early Soviet space programme.", base:"WORK", answer:"working", alts:[], category:"ru_gr" }, // ======================================================== // EGE Litera — Word Formation, 25–29 (EGE_WordFormation_25-29_Litera.docx) // Lermontov · Tolstoy · Turgenev · Bulgakov // ======================================================== { id:"liwf_v1_25", sentence:"Mikhail Lermontov was a ___ poet and novelist who died in a duel at the age of only twenty-six.", base:"ROMANCE", answer:"Romantic", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v1_26", sentence:"His novel 'A Hero of Our Time' is considered the first ___ work in Russian prose.", base:"PSYCHOLOGY", answer:"psychological", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v1_27", sentence:"The book traces the ___ life of Pechorin, a young officer torn between brilliance and moral emptiness.", base:"ADVENTURE", answer:"adventurous", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v1_28", sentence:"Lermontov's prose has remarkable ___ and force, even in translation.", base:"CLEAR", answer:"clarity", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v1_29", sentence:"___ was harsh in his time, but later generations recognised the novel's genius.", base:"CRITICISE", answer:"Criticism", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v2_25", sentence:"Leo Tolstoy worked on 'War and Peace' for almost six years, from 1863 to 1869. The novel covers the period of the Napoleonic invasion of Russia, with ___ scenes of battle alongside the everyday lives of several aristocratic families.", base:"MASS", answer:"massive", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v2_26", sentence:"Tolstoy himself called the work neither a novel nor a ___ chronicle, but something completely new.", base:"HISTORY", answer:"historical", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v2_27", sentence:"Pierre Bezukhov's spiritual ___ is one of the central themes of the book.", base:"DEVELOP", answer:"development", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v2_28", sentence:"Tolstoy's deep concern with ___ gives the novel its lasting power.", base:"MORAL", answer:"morality", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v2_29", sentence:"Even today, ___ discuss the book as a serious work of ideas, not only of literature.", base:"PHILOSOPHY", answer:"philosophers", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v3_25", sentence:"Ivan Turgenev published 'Fathers and Sons' in 1862, and the novel immediately caused a ___ public debate.", base:"STORM", answer:"stormy", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v3_26", sentence:"The ___ conflict between the older liberal aristocrats and the younger generation of nihilists became the central theme.", base:"GENERATE", answer:"generational", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v3_27", sentence:"Bazarov's complete ___ of traditional values shocked many older readers.", base:"REJECT", answer:"rejection", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v3_28", sentence:"Bazarov himself, a young ___ student, dies of typhus at the end of the book.", base:"MEDICINE", answer:"medical", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v3_29", sentence:"His death is highly ___ — a young rebel destroyed by an old infection.", base:"SYMBOL", answer:"symbolic", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v4_25", sentence:"Mikhail Bulgakov spent the last twelve years of his life writing 'The Master and Margarita', and the novel was first published only in 1966, twenty-six years after his death. The book combines biting ___ satire with a fantastical retelling of the Pontius Pilate story.", base:"POLITICS", answer:"political", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v4_26", sentence:"The result is one of the most ___ works in twentieth-century literature.", base:"ORIGIN", answer:"original", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v4_27", sentence:"Behemoth the talking cat and Woland the mysterious foreigner make their ___ in Soviet Moscow with a series of devilish tricks.", base:"APPEAR", answer:"appearance", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v4_28", sentence:"The ___ of Soviet readers in the 1960s was extraordinary.", base:"RESPOND", answer:"response", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, { id:"liwf_v4_29", sentence:"Today the novel is ___ recognised as one of the great works of world literature.", base:"GLOBE", answer:"globally", alts:[], category:"li_wf" }, // ======================================================== // EGE Litera — Grammar, 19–24 (EGE_Grammar_19-24_Litera.docx) // Pushkin · Gogol · Dostoevsky · Chekhov // ======================================================== { id:"ligr_v1_19", sentence:"Alexander Pushkin ___ 'Eugene Onegin' between 1823 and 1831, calling it a novel in verse.", base:"WRITE", answer:"wrote", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v1_20", sentence:"___ lines from Tatiana's letter remain among the most famous in all of Russian poetry.", base:"THIS", answer:"these", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v1_21", sentence:"Pushkin developed a special verse form, the so-called Onegin stanza, which is now used by poets all over the world. Millions of readers since 1837 ___ this novel and fallen under its spell.", base:"READ", answer:"have read", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v1_22", sentence:"The author ___ in a duel before his thirty-eighth birthday, leaving the literary world in shock.", base:"KILL", answer:"was killed", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v1_23", sentence:"The story tells of a young dandy who, bored with society life, rejects ___ pleasures and travels in search of meaning.", base:"IT", answer:"its", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v1_24", sentence:"Today the book is one of the ___ achievements of the Golden Age.", base:"GREAT", answer:"greatest", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v2_19", sentence:"Nikolai Gogol ___ work on his greatest novel in 1835 and continued it for almost twenty years.", base:"BEGIN", answer:"began", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v2_20", sentence:"In the book Gogol depicts men and ___ of provincial Russia with sharp humour and biting irony.", base:"WOMAN", answer:"women", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v2_21", sentence:"Just days before his death in 1852, Gogol ___ the second part of the manuscript in a fit of religious despair.", base:"BURN", answer:"had burnt", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v2_22", sentence:"___ pages, lost forever, have been the subject of endless scholarly speculation.", base:"THAT", answer:"those", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v2_23", sentence:"The plot follows the schemer Chichikov, who travels across the countryside buying the souls of dead serfs. The first volume ___ the immediate praise of critics like Vissarion Belinsky.", base:"RECEIVE", answer:"received", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v2_24", sentence:"Today, the book ___ one of the cornerstones of Russian satire.", base:"CONSIDER", answer:"is considered", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v3_19", sentence:"Fyodor Dostoevsky ___ 'Crime and Punishment' in 1866.", base:"PUBLISH", answer:"published", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v3_20", sentence:"At the time of writing, the author ___ with severe gambling debts and personal tragedy.", base:"STRUGGLE", answer:"was struggling", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v3_21", sentence:"The novel tells the story of Raskolnikov, a young student who commits a crime under the weight of an impossible philosophical theory. Through suffering and the love of Sonya, the protagonist gradually rediscovers ___ .", base:"HE", answer:"himself", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v3_22", sentence:"The book ___ one of the most studied novels in world literature.", base:"BECOME", answer:"has become", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v3_23", sentence:"By now, the work ___ into more than fifty languages around the globe.", base:"TRANSLATE", answer:"has been translated", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v3_24", sentence:"The action of the novel ___ in St Petersburg, where the heat of summer mirrors Raskolnikov's fevered mind.", base:"SET", answer:"is set", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v4_19", sentence:"Anton Chekhov's last play 'The Cherry Orchard' ___ at the Moscow Art Theatre in January 1904, just months before the writer's death.", base:"PERFORM", answer:"was performed", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v4_20", sentence:"___ central character, the noblewoman Ranevskaya, returns from Paris to her family estate, only to discover that the house and the famous orchard must be sold for debt.", base:"SHE", answer:"her", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v4_21", sentence:"Chekhov ___ clear instructions that the play should be performed as a comedy, but Stanislavsky disagreed.", base:"GIVE", answer:"gave", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v4_22", sentence:"The play captures the end of an entire class — the Russian aristocracy — and the painful birth of a new social order. Even ___ in Russian schools today still discuss the symbols of the orchard.", base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v4_23", sentence:"If Chekhov ___ longer, he would surely have written several more brilliant plays.", base:"LIVE", answer:"had lived", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, { id:"ligr_v4_24", sentence:"The work is regarded as one of the ___ influential dramatic texts of the early twentieth century.", base:"MUCH", answer:"most", alts:[], category:"li_gr" }, // ======================================================== // EGE Litera — Lexical Choice, 30–36 · 4 options (EGE_MultipleChoice_30-36_Litera.docx) // Akhmatova · Mayakovsky · Sholokhov · Solzhenitsyn // ======================================================== { id:"limc_v1_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The publication of her debut collection 'Evening' ___ her on the literary map in 1912.", choices:["put", "placed", "laid", "set"], answer:"put", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v1_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Stalin's terror would later ___ her into the voice of an entire generation.", choices:["translate", "transform", "direct", "mould"], answer:"transform", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v1_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The Soviet secret police kept the poet under constant ___ throughout the 1930s and 1940s.", choices:["sight", "control", "surveillance", "attention"], answer:"surveillance", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v1_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Her famous cycle 'Requiem' bears ___ to the millions whose lives were destroyed in the camps.", choices:["remembrance", "testimony", "memory", "witness"], answer:"witness", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v1_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ seventeen long months, Akhmatova queued every day outside the Leningrad prison, hoping for news of her arrested son.", choices:["For", "During", "While", "Through"], answer:"For", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v1_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Today, scholars ___ her among the towering figures of world poetry.", choices:["admit", "rank", "consider", "regard"], answer:"rank", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v1_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ years of official disgrace, she never stopped writing.", choices:["Although", "However", "Despite", "Because"], answer:"Despite", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v2_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The young poet ___ his name in 1912 with the Futurist manifesto 'A Slap in the Face of Public Taste'.", choices:["did", "made", "gave", "wrote"], answer:"made", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v2_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"His thunderous voice and gigantic stage presence ___ enormous crowds wherever he read his poems.", choices:["pulled", "gathered", "drew", "collected"], answer:"drew", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v2_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Mayakovsky never ___ a chance to challenge the conservative literary establishment.", choices:["held", "caught", "took", "missed"], answer:"missed", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v2_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ his constant attacks on the establishment, the new Soviet government adopted him as its bard.", choices:["Despite", "However", "Although", "Because of"], answer:"Despite", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v2_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Many of his poems ___ fierce political slogans into bold lyrical structures.", choices:["pulled", "wove", "pressed", "struck"], answer:"wove", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v2_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Mayakovsky ___ remarkable energy and originality in everything he wrote.", choices:["showed off", "showed up", "displayed", "pointed out"], answer:"displayed", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v2_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Even today, his bold experimental style continues to ___ younger poets around the world.", choices:["take in", "turn on", "stand for", "inspire"], answer:"inspire", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v3_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Work on the four-volume cycle ___ the writer almost fifteen years to complete.", choices:["spent", "held", "took", "passed"], answer:"took", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v3_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Sholokhov ___ the chaos of the civil war with extraordinary precision.", choices:["caught", "held", "kept", "captured"], answer:"captured", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v3_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ its publication in the late 1920s, the work was attacked by both literary critics and political figures.", choices:["On", "At", "In", "During"], answer:"On", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v3_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Sholokhov was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1965, but for many years debate ___ over whether such a young writer could really have produced such a masterpiece.", choices:["flared", "raged", "burned", "flooded"], answer:"raged", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v3_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Recent computer analysis ___ all doubts about Sholokhov's authorship of the novel.", choices:["put off", "put down", "laid to rest", "held back"], answer:"laid to rest", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v3_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Sholokhov never ___ from showing the brutal truth of the civil war.", choices:["stood up", "backed up", "held back", "shied away"], answer:"shied away", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v3_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The novel's powerful themes still ___ readers across the globe today.", choices:["affect", "effect", "afflict", "inflict"], answer:"affect", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v4_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's short novel 'One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich' ___ the lid on the Soviet camp system in 1962.", choices:["opened", "removed", "pulled", "lifted"], answer:"lifted", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v4_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Written in plain, almost peasant Russian, the book ___ a single ordinary day in the life of a prisoner from breakfast to lights-out.", choices:["follows", "leads", "tracks", "hunts"], answer:"follows", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v4_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The publication caused a literary sensation: hundreds of thousands of readers ___ themselves face to face with the truth about Stalin's prison system.", choices:["met", "found", "caught", "brought"], answer:"found", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v4_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Solzhenitsyn was eventually expelled from the Soviet Union in 1974, but he never ___ his hopes for the future of his homeland.", choices:["gave away", "gave in", "gave up", "gave out"], answer:"gave up", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v4_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ his many years of exile in the United States, he never wrote a single line in English, only in Russian.", choices:["Although", "However", "In spite", "Despite"], answer:"Despite", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v4_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The writer ___ a triumphal return to Russia in 1994, after twenty years abroad.", choices:["made", "did", "held", "gave"], answer:"made", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, { id:"limc_v4_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ his death in 2008, his works have been included in the school curriculum across Russia.", choices:["Despite", "Since", "Although", "Following"], answer:"Since", alts:[], category:"li_mc" }, // ======================================================== // EGE Russian Culture — Word Formation, 25–29 (WordForm_Russian_Culture_5_Tasks.docx) // National Parks · Writers · Composers · Painters // ======================================================== { id:"rcwf_t1_25", sentence:"Valdai National Park in northwestern Russia is known for its ___ lakes and ancient forests.", base:"PICTURE", answer:"picturesque", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t1_26", sentence:"The park offers ___ opportunities for hiking, boating, and birdwatching.", base:"NUMBER", answer:"numerous", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t1_27", sentence:"Alexander Pushkin, Russia's most ___ poet, often travelled through this region.", base:"FAME", answer:"famous", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t1_28", sentence:"His poems capture the ___ of Russian nature with remarkable precision.", base:"BEAUTIFUL", answer:"beauty", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t1_29", sentence:"___, Pushkin's short life ended in a duel at the age of 37.", base:"TRAGIC", answer:"Tragically", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t2_25", sentence:"Kenozero National Park preserves ___ Russian wooden architecture and folk traditions.", base:"TRADITION", answer:"traditional", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t2_26", sentence:"The park's ___ include ancient chapels, windmills, and peasant houses.", base:"ATTRACT", answer:"attractions", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t2_27", sentence:"Ivan Shishkin was a ___ landscape painter who specialised in forest scenes.", base:"REMARK", answer:"remarkable", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t2_28", sentence:"His ___ detailed paintings of pine forests made him famous throughout Russia.", base:"INCREDIBLE", answer:"incredibly", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t2_29", sentence:"Shishkin's work remains ___ — no other artist has captured Russian forests so perfectly.", base:"MATCH", answer:"unmatched", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t3_25", sentence:"Sochi National Park is one of Russia's most ___ visited protected areas.", base:"WIDE", answer:"widely", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t3_26", sentence:"The park's ___ ranges from subtropical forests to snow-capped mountains.", base:"LAND", answer:"landscape", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t3_27", sentence:"Sergei Prokofiev was a ___ composer whose works combined modernism with Russian traditions.", base:"VISION", answer:"visionary", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t3_28", sentence:"His ballet Romeo and Juliet achieved ___ recognition and is performed worldwide.", base:"NATION", answer:"international", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t3_29", sentence:"Prokofiev's music is ___ for its bold melodies and rhythmic energy.", base:"FORGET", answer:"unforgettable", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t4_25", sentence:"Yugyd Va is one of the most ___ national parks in Europe.", base:"IMPRESS", answer:"impressive", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t4_26", sentence:"The park's ___ wilderness has remained almost untouched by human activity.", base:"SPOIL", answer:"unspoilt", alts:["unspoiled"], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t4_27", sentence:"Leo Tolstoy is ___ considered one of the greatest novelists in world literature.", base:"UNIVERSAL", answer:"universally", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t4_28", sentence:"His ___ works, including War and Peace, explore profound moral questions.", base:"MONUMENT", answer:"monumental", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t4_29", sentence:"Tolstoy believed that true ___ comes from simple living and helping others.", base:"HAPPY", answer:"happiness", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t5_25", sentence:"Taganay National Park in the Ural Mountains offers ___ views of rocky peaks and taiga forests.", base:"BREATH", answer:"breathtaking", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t5_26", sentence:"The park is ___ popular among hikers who come to climb Stone River.", base:"PARTICULAR", answer:"particularly", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t5_27", sentence:"Ivan Aivazovsky was an ___ talented marine painter who created over 6,000 works.", base:"EXCEPTION", answer:"exceptionally", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t5_28", sentence:"His paintings of storms and shipwrecks demonstrate his deep ___ of light and water.", base:"UNDERSTAND", answer:"understanding", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, { id:"rcwf_t5_29", sentence:"Aivazovsky's ___ to capture the movement of waves has never been equalled.", base:"ABLE", answer:"ability", alts:[], category:"rc_wf" }, // ======================================================== // EGE Russian Culture — Grammar, 19–24 (Grammar_Russian_Culture_5_Tasks.docx) // National Parks · Writers · Composers · Painters // ======================================================== { id:"rcgr_t1_19", sentence:"Lake Baikal in Siberia is the ___ lake in the world by volume.", base:"DEEP", answer:"deepest", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t1_20", sentence:"It ___ over 20% of the world's unfrozen fresh water.", base:"CONTAIN", answer:"contains", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t1_21", sentence:"The Baikal National Park ___ in 1986 to protect this unique ecosystem.", base:"ESTABLISH", answer:"was established", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t1_22", sentence:"Pyotr Tchaikovsky was the ___ Russian composer to gain international fame.", base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t1_23", sentence:"His ballets, including Swan Lake and The Nutcracker, ___ performed worldwide ever since.", base:"BE", answer:"have been", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t1_24", sentence:"If Tchaikovsky ___ in the 20th century, he might have composed film scores.", base:"LIVE", answer:"had lived", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t2_19", sentence:"The Curonian Spit ___ between Russia and Lithuania.", base:"SHARE", answer:"is shared", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t2_20", sentence:"___ dunes on the spit can reach up to 60 metres in height.", base:"THIS", answer:"These", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t2_21", sentence:"The area ___ a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000.", base:"MAKE", answer:"was made", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t2_22", sentence:"Dostoevsky's ___ explore the depths of human psychology.", base:"NOVEL", answer:"novels", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t2_23", sentence:"Crime and Punishment ___ one of the greatest works of world literature.", base:"CONSIDER", answer:"is considered", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t2_24", sentence:"His characters are ___ complex than those of most other 19th-century writers.", base:"FAR", answer:"far more", alts:["much more"], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t3_19", sentence:"Stolby Nature Reserve near Krasnoyarsk is famous for ___ unique rock formations.", base:"IT", answer:"its", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t3_20", sentence:"The tallest pillars ___ over 90 metres high.", base:"RISE", answer:"rise", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t3_21", sentence:"Thousands of ___ visit the reserve every year to climb the rocks.", base:"TOURIST", answer:"tourists", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t3_22", sentence:"Ilya Repin ___ in 1844 in what is now Ukraine.", base:"BEAR", answer:"was born", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t3_23", sentence:"His painting Barge Haulers on the Volga ___ him famous throughout Russia.", base:"MAKE", answer:"made", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t3_24", sentence:"By the time of his death in 1930, Repin ___ hundreds of portraits.", base:"CREATE", answer:"had created", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t4_19", sentence:"The Kamchatka Peninsula ___ home to over 300 volcanoes.", base:"BE", answer:"is", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t4_20", sentence:"Many of ___ are still active and erupt regularly.", base:"THEY", answer:"them", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t4_21", sentence:"The volcanoes ___ to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1996.", base:"ADD", answer:"were added", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t4_22", sentence:"Rachmaninoff was one of the ___ pianists of the early 20th century.", base:"GOOD", answer:"best", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t4_23", sentence:"He left Russia in 1917 and never ___ to his homeland.", base:"RETURN", answer:"returned", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t4_24", sentence:"His Piano Concerto No. 2 ___ one of the most popular pieces in the classical repertoire.", base:"REMAIN", answer:"remains", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t5_19", sentence:"Losiny Ostrov is one of the ___ national parks located within a major city.", base:"LARGE", answer:"largest", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t5_20", sentence:"The park ___ on the northeastern edge of Moscow.", base:"LOCATE", answer:"is located", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t5_21", sentence:"Wild elk and deer ___ freely in the park's forests.", base:"ROAM", answer:"roam", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t5_22", sentence:"Isaac Levitan ___ for his lyrical landscape paintings of Russian nature.", base:"KNOW", answer:"is known", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t5_23", sentence:"He painted ___ than a thousand works during his short life.", base:"MANY", answer:"more", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, { id:"rcgr_t5_24", sentence:"If Levitan ___ longer, he would have created even more masterpieces.", base:"LIVE", answer:"had lived", alts:[], category:"rc_gr" }, // ======================================================== // Negative Prefixes — Comprehensive Test, 92 items (Negative_Prefixes_WF_Test.docx) // un- · in-/im-/il-/ir- · dis- · mis- · de- · non- · anti- · counter- · mal- · a- // ======================================================== { id:"neg_1", sentence:"Many people consider it deeply ___ that talented artists often die in poverty.", base:"FORTUNATE", answer:"unfortunate", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_2", sentence:"Witnesses gave wildly ___ accounts of what had happened at the intersection.", base:"ACCURATE", answer:"inaccurate", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_3", sentence:"It would be ___ of me to leave the city without telling my parents where I am going.", base:"RESPONSIBLE", answer:"irresponsible", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_4", sentence:"His decision to refuse the promotion struck everyone as completely ___.", base:"LOGICAL", answer:"illogical", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_5", sentence:"Despite being thirty, he behaved in a strangely ___ way throughout the meeting.", base:"MATURE", answer:"immature", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_6", sentence:"Vegetarians and meat-eaters are likely to ___ about almost every aspect of diet.", base:"AGREE", answer:"disagree", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_7", sentence:"The library’s ___ section was always busier than its fiction shelves.", base:"FICTION", answer:"non-fiction", alts:["nonfiction"], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_8", sentence:"Such rudeness is simply ___ in any customer-service role.", base:"ACCEPTABLE", answer:"unacceptable", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_9", sentence:"The puppy continued to ___ at mealtimes until we finally hired a trainer.", base:"BEHAVE", answer:"misbehave", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_10", sentence:"Mythology frequently portrays the gods as ___ and untouched by time.", base:"MORTAL", answer:"immortal", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_11", sentence:"The village had remained largely ___ for generations before the school was built.", base:"LITERATE", answer:"illiterate", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_12", sentence:"Such an outcome seemed highly ___ given the strength of the evidence.", base:"PROBABLE", answer:"improbable", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_13", sentence:"The environmental damage to the coral reefs may already be ___.", base:"REVERSIBLE", answer:"irreversible", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_14", sentence:"The publisher decided to ___ the magazine after years of declining sales.", base:"CONTINUE", answer:"discontinue", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_15", sentence:"Students often ___ words like “necessary” and “definitely” in essays.", base:"SPELL", answer:"misspell", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_16", sentence:"The new chair looked stylish but proved extremely ___ to sit in for any length of time.", base:"COMFORTABLE", answer:"uncomfortable", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_17", sentence:"He stood at the crossroads, ___ about which path to take.", base:"DECISIVE", answer:"indecisive", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_18", sentence:"Tourists frequently ___ Russian surnames on their very first attempt.", base:"PRONOUNCE", answer:"mispronounce", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_19", sentence:"The shelter is run by a ___ organisation that depends entirely on donations.", base:"PROFIT", answer:"non-profit", alts:["nonprofit"], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_20", sentence:"The film’s special effects were quite simply ___.", base:"CREDIBLE", answer:"incredible", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_21", sentence:"Please remove any ___ remarks from your essay before submitting the final version.", base:"RELEVANT", answer:"irrelevant", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_22", sentence:"The doctor’s handwriting was so ___ that the pharmacist had to phone the surgery for clarification.", base:"LEGIBLE", answer:"illegible", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_23", sentence:"The official was dismissed from his post for serious ___ during the investigation.", base:"CONDUCT", answer:"misconduct", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_24", sentence:"Crossing the road while texting shows a dangerous ___ for personal safety.", base:"REGARD", answer:"disregard", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_25", sentence:"A good judge must remain ___ regardless of personal feelings about the parties involved.", base:"PARTIAL", answer:"impartial", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_26", sentence:"Illegal logging continues to ___ vast areas of the Amazon basin each year.", base:"FOREST", answer:"deforest", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_27", sentence:"The packaging is made entirely from a ___, plant-based material.", base:"TOXIC", answer:"non-toxic", alts:["nontoxic"], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_28", sentence:"When asked about the proposal, the minister gave a deliberately ___ reply.", base:"COMMITTAL", answer:"non-committal", alts:["noncommittal"], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_29", sentence:"The new government promised to ___ key services and give the regions more autonomy.", base:"CENTRAL", answer:"decentralise", alts:["decentralize"], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_30", sentence:"The meeting felt long and ___, ending with no clear decision on any agenda item.", base:"PRODUCTIVE", answer:"unproductive", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_31", sentence:"The novel’s villain is the perfect ___: cynical, cruel, and oddly likeable.", base:"HERO", answer:"antihero", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_32", sentence:"Critics tend to ___ the data whenever it doesn’t fit their preferred narrative.", base:"PERCEIVE", answer:"misperceive", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_33", sentence:"After months of work, journalists managed to ___ widespread corruption in the ministry.", base:"COVER", answer:"uncover", alts:["discover"], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_34", sentence:"The internet connection kept getting ___ throughout the storm last night.", base:"CONNECT", answer:"disconnect", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_35", sentence:"Use the small brass key in the top drawer to ___ the cabinet.", base:"LOCK", answer:"unlock", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_36", sentence:"Dogs communicate with their owners primarily through ___ cues.", base:"VERBAL", answer:"non-verbal", alts:["nonverbal"], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_37", sentence:"Critics often ___ poetry by ignoring the historical context in which it was written.", base:"INTERPRET", answer:"misinterpret", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_38", sentence:"The rebels launched a fierce ___ at dawn the following morning.", base:"ATTACK", answer:"counterattack", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_39", sentence:"Long-distance runners can quickly ___ in hot weather if they don’t drink enough water.", base:"HYDRATE", answer:"dehydrate", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_40", sentence:"Press the small red button on the panel to ___ the alarm system.", base:"ACTIVATE", answer:"deactivate", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_41", sentence:"Driving without a valid licence is ___ in every European country.", base:"LEGAL", answer:"illegal", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_42", sentence:"The flight was delayed for two hours due to a technical ___ in the cockpit.", base:"FUNCTION", answer:"malfunction", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_43", sentence:"She was completely ___ that anyone in the next room had been listening to the conversation.", base:"AWARE", answer:"unaware", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_44", sentence:"Under the treaty, both sides agreed to ___ within ninety days of ratification.", base:"ARM", answer:"disarm", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_45", sentence:"Tom looked bored and ___ for most of the lecture, glancing at his phone every few minutes.", base:"INTERESTED", answer:"uninterested", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_46", sentence:"A judge must remain entirely ___ when hearing a case, with no personal stake in the outcome.", base:"INTERESTED", answer:"disinterested", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_47", sentence:"Some philosophers argue that pure mathematics is fundamentally ___ — concerned with truth rather than ethics.", base:"MORAL", answer:"amoral", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_48", sentence:"Cheating on examinations is widely regarded as ___ regardless of how common the practice becomes.", base:"MORAL", answer:"immoral", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_49", sentence:"Vandalism and graffiti are commonly viewed by residents as ___ behaviour.", base:"SOCIAL", answer:"antisocial", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_50", sentence:"After her divorce she became withdrawn and rather ___, avoiding parties whenever she could.", base:"SOCIAL", answer:"unsociable", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_51", sentence:"Many customers remained ___ even after the company finally issued a refund.", base:"SATISFIED", answer:"unsatisfied", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_52", sentence:"A growing number of employees feel deeply ___ with the new workload allocation.", base:"SATISFIED", answer:"dissatisfied", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_53", sentence:"He couldn’t help but ___ strangers who approached him with sudden generosity.", base:"TRUST", answer:"mistrust", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_54", sentence:"Years of broken promises bred a deep ___ within the local community.", base:"TRUST", answer:"distrust", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_55", sentence:"He must have ___ my instructions; the report he submitted was on entirely the wrong topic.", base:"UNDERSTAND", answer:"misunderstood", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_56", sentence:"A small ___ in the quarterly budget cost the company several million pounds.", base:"CALCULATE", answer:"miscalculation", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_57", sentence:"Shaming children for their mistakes is often ___: they only learn from safe failures.", base:"PRODUCTIVE", answer:"counterproductive", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_58", sentence:"Her testimony was deeply ___ — first denying she was there, then admitting she had been.", base:"CONSISTENT", answer:"inconsistent", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_59", sentence:"The bus service in this part of the country is notoriously ___.", base:"RELIABLE", answer:"unreliable", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_60", sentence:"She approached the problem in a refreshingly ___ way that no one had thought of before.", base:"CONVENTIONAL", answer:"unconventional", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_61", sentence:"He felt a vague sense of ___ whenever the subject of his old school came up.", base:"COMFORT", answer:"discomfort", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_62", sentence:"Some snake bites have no effective ___ at all and must be treated symptomatically.", base:"DOTE", answer:"antidote", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_63", sentence:"Children become ___ when meals are delayed by even a few minutes.", base:"PATIENT", answer:"impatient", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_64", sentence:"The shop assistant was caught being ___ with the cash register over several weeks.", base:"HONEST", answer:"dishonest", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_65", sentence:"It was rather ___ of him to interrupt the speaker so repeatedly during the keynote.", base:"POLITE", answer:"impolite", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_66", sentence:"Sarcasm directed at a junior colleague struck everyone at the table as ___.", base:"KIND", answer:"unkind", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_67", sentence:"The board voted to dismiss the manager for being chronically ___.", base:"COMPETENT", answer:"incompetent", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_68", sentence:"Buying a third sports car when you can’t afford the rent is profoundly ___.", base:"RATIONAL", answer:"irrational", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_69", sentence:"Her excuse for missing the deadline sounded entirely ___ to everyone on the team.", base:"PLAUSIBLE", answer:"implausible", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_70", sentence:"The court ruled the takeover ___ on purely procedural grounds.", base:"LEGITIMATE", answer:"illegitimate", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_71", sentence:"Banning certain books from public libraries reflects an ___ approach to education.", base:"LIBERAL", answer:"illiberal", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_72", sentence:"The two accounts of what happened that night were utterly ___.", base:"RECONCILABLE", answer:"irreconcilable", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_73", sentence:"Returning safely from a mission to Mars was, for most of the twentieth century, considered ___.", base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_74", sentence:"Individual atoms remain effectively ___ even under the most powerful optical microscopes.", base:"VISIBLE", answer:"invisible", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_75", sentence:"Bacteria and fungi in the soil help ___ dead plant matter into nutrients.", base:"COMPOSE", answer:"decompose", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_76", sentence:"The artist deliberately chose an ___ design to unsettle the viewer.", base:"SYMMETRIC", answer:"asymmetric", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_77", sentence:"The soap contains ___ agents to reduce the risk of infection in hospital wards.", base:"BACTERIAL", answer:"antibacterial", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_78", sentence:"Critics called the new tax system deeply ___ to low-income families.", base:"FAIR", answer:"unfair", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_79", sentence:"The patient’s heartbeat became dangerously ___ during the operation.", base:"REGULAR", answer:"irregular", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_80", sentence:"Children are sometimes punished merely for daring to ___ a teacher’s request.", base:"OBEY", answer:"disobey", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_81", sentence:"Taking phone calls during a formal dinner is generally regarded as ___.", base:"PROPER", answer:"improper", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_82", sentence:"The surgeon was sued for ___ after the routine procedure went badly wrong.", base:"PRACTICE", answer:"malpractice", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_83", sentence:"Journalists are sometimes accused of ___ public figures to create a scandal.", base:"QUOTE", answer:"misquote", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_84", sentence:"The glossy brochure was carefully designed to ___ tourists about the resort’s actual facilities.", base:"LEAD", answer:"mislead", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_85", sentence:"Shouting at a waiter shows a fundamental ___ for their dignity.", base:"RESPECT", answer:"disrespect", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_86", sentence:"Her argument was so ___ that nobody in the audience could grasp what she actually wanted.", base:"COHERENT", answer:"incoherent", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_87", sentence:"The handwritten letters from her grandmother were treasured as ___ keepsakes.", base:"REPLACEABLE", answer:"irreplaceable", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_88", sentence:"I have to confess a strong ___ of liver and onions.", base:"LIKE", answer:"dislike", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_89", sentence:"Sudden inflation can rapidly ___ a country’s currency on the global market.", base:"VALUE", answer:"devalue", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_90", sentence:"Antihistamines ___ the body’s overreaction to common seasonal allergens.", base:"ACT", answer:"counteract", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_91", sentence:"The stage magician made the rabbit ___ into a tall black top hat.", base:"APPEAR", answer:"disappear", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, { id:"neg_92", sentence:"A single careless tweet can ___ months of careful diplomatic negotiation.", base:"RAIL", answer:"derail", alts:[], category:"neg_wf" }, // ======================================================== // EGE Sets (Grammar & Vocabulary) 1–8 — Word Formation 25–29 (StatGrad + Sets 6-8) // ======================================================== // ======================================================== // EGE Sets 1–8 — Grammar 19–24 / Lexical Choice 30–36 (StatGrad + Sets 6-8) // Truncated grammar answers in source are skipped // ======================================================== { id:"sggr_s1_19", sentence:"In the 1940s, sports teams in America ___ strictly segregated.", base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s1_20", sentence:"Jackie Robinson was the ___ African American to play in Major League Baseball.", base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s1_21", sentence:"When Robinson ___ up, he faced discrimination at every turn.", base:"GROW", answer:"grew", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s1_22", sentence:"Despite the hostility, he kept ___ and never gave up.", base:"PLAY", answer:"playing", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s1_23", sentence:"That year he ___ Rookie of the Year for his outstanding performance.", base:"NAME", answer:"was named", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s1_24", sentence:"___ he retired, Robinson continued to fight for civil rights.", base:"LATE", answer:"Later", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sgwf_s1_25", sentence:"In the early 20th century, women were still ___ to vote.", base:"ABLE", answer:"unable", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s1_26", sentence:"They were not allowed to help elect the nation's ___.", base:"LEAD", answer:"leaders", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s1_27", sentence:"Susan B. Anthony worked ___ to win women the right to vote.", base:"TIRE", answer:"tirelessly", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s1_28", sentence:"The women's suffrage ___ changed history.", base:"MOVE", answer:"movement", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s1_29", sentence:"Finally, their efforts proved ___.", base:"SUCCESS", answer:"successful", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgmc_s1_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When Mark lost his job, he decided to ___ up a new skill.", choices:["make", "take", "do", "get"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s1_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"At first, he wanted to give ___, as the technical aspects seemed too difficult.", choices:["in", "up", "away", "out"], answer:"up", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s1_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Mark had to cut ___ on expenses while he was studying.", choices:["up", "off", "down", "out"], answer:"down", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s1_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He also had to figure ___ how to balance learning with looking for work.", choices:["up", "out", "off", "in"], answer:"out", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s1_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"After months of practice, his hard work paid ___.", choices:["up", "out", "off", "back"], answer:"off", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s1_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Mark was ___ aback by the offer — he hadn't expected such quick success.", choices:["put", "taken", "caught", "set"], answer:"taken", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s1_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Now he looks ___ to a new career in photography.", choices:["up", "forward", "ahead", "back"], answer:"forward", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sggr_s2_19", sentence:"Lightning ___ one of nature's most powerful forces.", base:"BE", answer:"is", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s2_20", sentence:"The air around a single bolt of lightning is ___ than the surface of the sun.", base:"HOT", answer:"hotter", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s2_21", sentence:"If you ___ lightning in the distance, thunder will follow shortly.", base:"SEE", answer:"see", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s2_24", sentence:"It ___ that lightning never strikes the same place twice, but this is a myth.", base:"SAY", answer:"is said", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sgwf_s2_25", sentence:"Storm chasing is an ___ dangerous profession.", base:"INCREDIBLE", answer:"incredibly", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s2_26", sentence:"___, some people find it thrilling.", base:"SURPRISING", answer:"Surprisingly", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s2_27", sentence:"The ___ of tornadoes requires years of study.", base:"PREDICT", answer:"prediction", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s2_28", sentence:"Weather ___ use advanced technology to track storms.", base:"RESEARCH", answer:"researchers", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s2_29", sentence:"Their work has led to ___ improvements in early warning systems.", base:"SIGNIFY", answer:"significant", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgmc_s2_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Last year, Tom had to ___ a difficult decision.", choices:["do", "make", "take", "have"], answer:"make", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s2_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He spent weeks trying to ___ rid of the doubts in his mind.", choices:["get", "take", "put", "throw"], answer:"get", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s2_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Tom decided to take a ___ and accept the position.", choices:["risk", "luck", "chance", "turn"], answer:"chance", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s2_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"At first, he found it hard to get ___ with his new colleagues.", choices:["up", "on", "through", "along"], answer:"along", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s2_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"But he refused to let small problems get him ___.", choices:["up", "down", "away", "off"], answer:"down", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s2_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He made an ___ to adapt and soon felt at home.", choices:["attempt", "effort", "action", "try"], answer:"effort", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s2_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Now Tom ___ the job for granted — he's grateful every day for taking that leap of faith.", choices:["doesn't take", "isn't taking", "didn't take", "won't take"], answer:"does not take", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sggr_s3_19", sentence:"The history of the circus ___ back thousands of years.", base:"GO", answer:"goes", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s3_20", sentence:"In Ancient Rome, the word 'circus' ___ a large arena for public shows.", base:"MEAN", answer:"meant", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s3_21", sentence:"The modern circus ___ in England in the 18th century.", base:"BEAR", answer:"was born", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s3_22", sentence:"Philip Astley is considered the ___ famous circus pioneer.", base:"MUCH", answer:"most", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s3_23", sentence:"By the 19th century, circuses ___ popular across Europe and America.", base:"BECOME", answer:"had become", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s3_24", sentence:"If you ___ a circus in Victorian times, you would see acrobats and wild animals.", base:"VISIT", answer:"visited", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sgwf_s3_25", sentence:"Russian literature has often drawn ___ from circus life.", base:"INSPIRE", answer:"inspiration", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s3_26", sentence:"Chekhov's story 'Kashtanka' is a ___ tale about a lost dog.", base:"MOVE", answer:"moving", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s3_27", sentence:"The story shows the ___ and challenges of circus performers.", base:"DIFFICULT", answer:"difficulties", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s3_28", sentence:"Today, both works are celebrated as ___ pieces of children's literature.", base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s3_29", sentence:"The circus remains a source of ___ for audiences of all ages.", base:"ENTERTAIN", answer:"entertainment", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgmc_s3_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"But it turned out to be a blessing in ___.", choices:["costume", "disguise", "cover", "mask"], answer:"disguise", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s3_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She was out of her ___ with frustration at first.", choices:["head", "brain", "mind", "thoughts"], answer:"mind", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s3_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"They arrived at the airport just in ___ to catch a later flight together.", choices:["time", "moment", "second", "period"], answer:"time", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s3_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Sara was ___ aback by how quickly they connected.", choices:["put", "caught", "taken", "held"], answer:"taken", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s3_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Their old house had fallen into ___, so they bought a new one together after getting married.", choices:["damage", "ruin", "disrepair", "destruction"], answer:"disrepair", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s3_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Now Sara always tells people: when one door closes, another ___.", choices:["unlocks", "appears", "opens", "starts"], answer:"opens", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s3_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"You just have to keep your eyes ___.", choices:["open", "wide", "clear", "awake"], answer:"open", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sggr_s4_19", sentence:"The Panama Canal is considered one of the ___ engineering achievements.", base:"GREAT", answer:"greatest", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s4_20", sentence:"Before the canal ___, ships had to sail around South America.", base:"BUILD", answer:"was built", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s4_21", sentence:"Construction ___ in 1880 by a French company.", base:"BEGIN", answer:"was begun", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s4_22", sentence:"However, many workers ___ from tropical diseases.", base:"SUFFER", answer:"suffered", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s4_23", sentence:"If the technology ___ more advanced, fewer lives would have been lost.", base:"BE", answer:"had been", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sgwf_s4_25", sentence:"Modern construction projects require ___ planning.", base:"CARE", answer:"careful", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s4_26", sentence:"Engineers must consider ___ factors before starting work.", base:"NUMBER", answer:"numerous", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s4_27", sentence:"The ___ of new technologies has made building faster.", base:"DEVELOP", answer:"development", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s4_28", sentence:"___, some projects still face unexpected challenges.", base:"FORTUNATE", answer:"Unfortunately", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s4_29", sentence:"The ___ of a project depends on good management.", base:"SUCCEED", answer:"success", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgmc_s4_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"My grandfather always gave me good ___.", choices:["advise", "advice", "advices", "advising"], answer:"advice", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s4_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He told me that bad ___ travels fast, so I should always behave with integrity.", choices:["news", "new", "newses", "a news"], answer:"news", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s4_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He taught me to ___ my voice and speak up for what I believe in.", choices:["rise", "raise", "arise", "rose"], answer:"raise", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s4_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"His words had a profound ___ on my life.", choices:["affect", "effect", "affection", "effective"], answer:"effect", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s4_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He would always ___ down next to me and explain things patiently.", choices:["lie", "lay", "lied", "laid"], answer:"lay", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s4_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Now I try to ___ to the same standards he set.", choices:["raise", "rise", "arise", "arouse"], answer:"rise", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s4_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I ___ he would be proud of me.", choices:["hope", "wish", "want", "expect"], answer:"hope", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sggr_s5_19", sentence:"The 10,000-step rule ___ one of the most popular fitness guidelines.", base:"BECOME", answer:"has become", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s5_20", sentence:"However, this number ___ not based on scientific research.", base:"BE", answer:"is", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s5_21", sentence:"It ___ by a Japanese company to market pedometers in the 1960s.", base:"CREATE", answer:"was created", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s5_22", sentence:"Scientists say the ___ you walk, the better — but quality matters too.", base:"MUCH", answer:"more", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s5_23", sentence:"If people ___ this, they might focus on intensity rather than just steps.", base:"KNOW", answer:"knew", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sgwf_s5_25", sentence:"Regular exercise is ___ beneficial for mental health.", base:"INCREDIBLE", answer:"incredibly", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s5_26", sentence:"___, many people struggle to find time for physical activity.", base:"FORTUNATE", answer:"Unfortunately", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s5_27", sentence:"The ___ of exercise on mood is well documented.", base:"EFFECTIVE", answer:"effectiveness", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s5_28", sentence:"Even a short walk can bring a sense of ___.", base:"ACCOMPLISH", answer:"accomplishment", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s5_29", sentence:"The key is to find activities that are ___ and sustainable.", base:"ENJOY", answer:"enjoyable", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgmc_s5_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"A friend suggested he ___ up running.", choices:["make", "do", "take", "get"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s5_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"At first, he ran ___ of breath after just a few minutes.", choices:["away", "out", "off", "down"], answer:"out", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s5_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He came ___ with a training plan that gradually increased the distance.", choices:["out", "up", "down", "off"], answer:"up", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s5_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"His brother helped him figure it ___.", choices:["up", "out", "off", "in"], answer:"out", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s5_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"His hard work had finally paid ___.", choices:["up", "back", "off", "out"], answer:"off", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s5_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Now James takes ___ his little brother — they run together every weekend.", choices:["up", "over", "after", "on"], answer:"after", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s5_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He's come a long way, and he's proud of what he has ___.", choices:["succeeded", "managed", "achieved", "reached"], answer:"achieved", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sggr_s6_19", sentence:"The weather forecast said it ___ sunny, but a storm broke out.", base:"BE", answer:"would be", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s6_20", sentence:"We ___ at the hotel for less than an hour when the storm began.", base:"BE", answer:"had been", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s6_21", sentence:"The storm was the ___ one the region had seen in decades.", base:"BAD", answer:"worst", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s6_22", sentence:"If we ___ earlier, we would have avoided the traffic.", base:"LEAVE", answer:"had left", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s6_23", sentence:"By the time the sky cleared up, we ___ indoors for hours.", base:"STAY", answer:"had stayed", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s6_24", sentence:"The hotel staff ___ everything possible to make us comfortable.", base:"DO", answer:"did", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sgwf_s6_25", sentence:"It takes courage to admit you're wrong and show ___.", base:"HUMBLE", answer:"humility", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s6_26", sentence:"___, some people refuse to back down in arguments.", base:"FORTUNATE", answer:"Unfortunately", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s6_27", sentence:"Finding a peaceful ___ requires compromise from both sides.", base:"SOLVE", answer:"solution", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s6_28", sentence:"Good ___ skills are essential in any workplace.", base:"COMMUNICATE", answer:"communication", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s6_29", sentence:"The ___ of stress at work can lead to conflicts.", base:"BUILD", answer:"build-up", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgmc_s6_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We were ___ on good weather, but things didn't go as planned.", choices:["counting", "relying", "banking", "depending"], answer:"banking", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s6_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When we checked ___ at the hotel, the receptionist said our room wasn't ready yet.", choices:["up", "out", "in", "on"], answer:"in", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s6_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The manager refused to ___ down and admit it was their mistake.", choices:["back", "calm", "step", "slow"], answer:"back", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s6_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"We waited in ___ for two hours, getting more frustrated by the minute.", choices:["quiet", "silence", "peace", "calm"], answer:"silence", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s6_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Finally, the situation ___ up when they offered us a free upgrade to a suite.", choices:["cleaned", "sorted", "cleared", "settled"], answer:"cleared", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s6_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The hotel also brought ___ our check-out time by two hours as compensation.", choices:["up", "forward", "on", "in"], answer:"forward", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s6_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"In the end, it all ___ off — the suite was amazing and we had a wonderful holiday.", choices:["came", "turned", "paid", "went"], answer:"paid", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sggr_s7_19", sentence:"Sarah never expected she ___ into a fortune one day.", base:"COME", answer:"would come", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s7_20", sentence:"Her distant relative ___ away last year, leaving her everything.", base:"PASS", answer:"passed", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s7_21", sentence:"It was the ___ surprising news she had ever received.", base:"MUCH", answer:"most", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s7_22", sentence:"If she ___ more careful with money before, she wouldn't appreciate this now.", base:"BE", answer:"had been", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s7_23", sentence:"By the time she received the inheritance, her debts ___ significantly.", base:"GROW", answer:"had grown", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s7_24", sentence:"She wishes she ___ her grandmother better when she was alive.", base:"KNOW", answer:"had known", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sgwf_s7_25", sentence:"The police asked for ___ to come forward with information.", base:"WITNESS", answer:"witnesses", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s7_26", sentence:"___, several people responded to the appeal.", base:"SURPRISE", answer:"Surprisingly", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s7_27", sentence:"Their ___ proved crucial to solving the case.", base:"TESTIFY", answer:"testimony", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s7_28", sentence:"The ___ was finally caught thanks to their help.", base:"CRIME", answer:"criminal", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s7_29", sentence:"The community felt a sense of ___ after the arrest.", base:"RELIEVE", answer:"relief", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgmc_s7_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"But his wife eventually persuaded him to come ___ to her way of thinking.", choices:["around", "across", "along", "about"], answer:"around", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s7_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"They decided to take their ___ making the decision — there was no need to rush.", choices:["moment", "while", "time", "period"], answer:"time", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s7_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Tom caught ___ of a beautiful house during their search, and it was love at first sight.", choices:["view", "sight", "look", "glance"], answer:"sight", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s7_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Several neighbours came ___ with useful information about the area.", choices:["up", "out", "forward", "along"], answer:"forward", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s7_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"One elderly man said the deal would definitely come ___ — the sellers were motivated.", choices:["out", "up", "off", "through"], answer:"off", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s7_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Tom could always ___ on his wife's judgment.", choices:["rely", "depend", "trust", "count"], answer:"count", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s7_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"In the end, he was glad he hadn't ___ out the idea immediately.", choices:["crossed", "cut", "ruled", "struck"], answer:"ruled", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sggr_s8_19", sentence:"The fashion industry ___ constantly changing trends.", base:"KNOW", answer:"is known for", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s8_20", sentence:"Many small boutiques ___ down during the pandemic.", base:"CLOSE", answer:"closed", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s8_21", sentence:"Online shopping has become ___ popular than ever before.", base:"MUCH", answer:"more", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s8_22", sentence:"If designers ___ more sustainable materials, the industry would be greener.", base:"USE", answer:"used", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s8_24", sentence:"It ___ that fast fashion contributes to environmental problems.", base:"BELIEVE", answer:"is believed", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sgwf_s8_25", sentence:"The young designer showed ___ talent from an early age.", base:"EXCEPTION", answer:"exceptional", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s8_26", sentence:"Her ___ designs caught everyone's attention.", base:"ORIGIN", answer:"original", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s8_27", sentence:"She quickly gained ___ recognition in the fashion world.", base:"NATION", answer:"national", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s8_28", sentence:"Her ___ has inspired many young people to follow their dreams.", base:"SUCCEED", answer:"success", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgwf_s8_29", sentence:"The ___ of sustainable fashion is largely thanks to designers like her.", base:"POPULAR", answer:"popularity", alts:[], category:"sg_wf" }, { id:"sgmc_s8_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When Maria started her fashion blog, she wanted to set a ___, not follow one.", choices:["fashion", "trend", "style", "mode"], answer:"trend", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s8_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She believed that true style never goes out of ___.", choices:["trend", "date", "fashion", "style"], answer:"style", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s8_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Her videos showed people how to travel in ___ without spending a fortune.", choices:["class", "manner", "style", "way"], answer:"style", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s8_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She went on a ___ of Europe's fashion capitals to film content for her channel.", choices:["trip", "journey", "tour", "travel"], answer:"tour", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s8_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The blog brought ___ the best in her creative abilities — she discovered talents she never knew she had.", choices:["up", "out", "in", "on"], answer:"out", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s8_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Her stress brought ___ some health problems, but she learned to manage them.", choices:["up", "out", "in", "on"], answer:"on", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, { id:"sgmc_s8_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Now her blog is known all ___ the world, with millions of followers.", choices:["around", "through", "across", "over"], answer:"over", alts:[], category:"sg_mc" }, // ======================================================== // Collocations & Phrasal Verbs — 5 Tasks, 35 items (Collocations_Phrasals_5_Tasks.docx) // ======================================================== { id:"cpmc_1", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He had been ___ forward to this adventure for months.", choices:["seeing", "looking", "getting", "coming"], answer:"looking", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_2", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"His parents were worried at first, but Tom managed to ___ them round to his way of thinking.", choices:["bring", "take", "get", "put"], answer:"bring", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_3", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He planned to ___ off in September and travel across Southeast Asia.", choices:["set", "take", "go", "put"], answer:"set", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_4", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Before leaving, he had to ___ up some money by working part-time at a local café.", choices:["keep", "save", "hold", "store"], answer:"save", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_5", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Tom's friends tried to ___ him out of going alone, but he had already made up his mind.", choices:["talk", "speak", "tell", "say"], answer:"talk", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_6", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Tom's friends tried to talk him out of going alone, but he had already ___ up his mind.", choices:["done", "taken", "made", "got"], answer:"made", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_7", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He was determined to ___ the most of this opportunity and gain valuable life experience.", choices:["do", "have", "make", "take"], answer:"make", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_8", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"After years of working for others, she finally decided to ___ the plunge and start her own business.", choices:["make", "do", "take", "have"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_9", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"First, she had to ___ out a loan from the bank.", choices:["take", "give", "put", "bring"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_10", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Then she spent weeks looking ___ the perfect location.", choices:["at", "for", "after", "into"], answer:"for", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_11", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When she found it, she had to ___ up with a creative name for her shop.", choices:["go", "get", "come", "think"], answer:"come", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_12", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Maria often had to ___ without sleep to meet all the orders.", choices:["go", "do", "make", "get"], answer:"go", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_13", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Sometimes she felt like giving up, but she refused to ___ in to pressure.", choices:["give", "take", "put", "bring"], answer:"give", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_14", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Eventually, her hard work ___ off, and the bakery became a huge success.", choices:["went", "came", "paid", "turned"], answer:"paid", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_15", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I had been ___ forward to this concert for ages.", choices:["seeing", "getting", "looking", "coming"], answer:"looking", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_16", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Unfortunately, things didn't quite ___ out as planned.", choices:["work", "turn", "come", "go"], answer:"work", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_17", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"First, my friend called to say she couldn't ___ it because she had come down with a cold.", choices:["do", "get", "make", "have"], answer:"make", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_18", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"First, my friend called to say she couldn't make it because she had come ___ with a cold.", choices:["up", "down", "out", "off"], answer:"down", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_19", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I didn't want to go alone, so I tried to ___ up another friend to join me.", choices:["call", "ring", "phone", "contact"], answer:"ring", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_20", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When we finally got to the venue, we found out the concert had been ___ off due to the lead singer's illness.", choices:["put", "called", "taken", "set"], answer:"called", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_21", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"However, the organisers promised to ___ up for it by offering free tickets to the rescheduled show.", choices:["make", "do", "get", "put"], answer:"make", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_22", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"After graduating, Sarah spent months ___ for a job in marketing.", choices:["searching", "seeking", "looking", "finding"], answer:"looking", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_23", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She filled ___ countless application forms and went to numerous interviews.", choices:["up", "in", "out", "on"], answer:"in", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_24", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"At first, she kept getting ___ down, which was very discouraging.", choices:["put", "let", "turned", "brought"], answer:"turned", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_25", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Her parents told her not to ___ heart — the right opportunity would come eventually.", choices:["lose", "miss", "drop", "leave"], answer:"lose", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_26", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"One day, she came ___ an interesting job advert online.", choices:["up", "across", "over", "through"], answer:"across", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_27", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She decided to ___ a go at it, even though she didn't meet all the requirements.", choices:["make", "take", "have", "do"], answer:"have", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_28", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"It just goes to ___ that persistence pays off in the end.", choices:["prove", "show", "tell", "say"], answer:"show", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_29", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When James got a job offer in Japan, he didn't think twice — he ___ at the chance.", choices:["caught", "grabbed", "jumped", "took"], answer:"jumped", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"At first, he found it hard to ___ in with the local culture.", choices:["fit", "get", "go", "put"], answer:"fit", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He often felt ___ of place and missed his family terribly.", choices:["away", "out", "off", "aside"], answer:"out", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Gradually, he began to ___ used to his new life.", choices:["become", "grow", "get", "turn"], answer:"get", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He made friends with his colleagues and started ___ up Japanese in his free time.", choices:["taking", "picking", "bringing", "catching"], answer:"picking", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Now, three years later, James feels completely ___ home in Tokyo.", choices:["in", "by", "at", "on"], answer:"at", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, { id:"cpmc_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"He has no ___ about his decision to move abroad.", choices:["regrets", "sorrows", "guilts", "shames"], answer:"regrets", alts:[], category:"cp_mc" }, // ======================================================== // Lexical Choice — 5 Tasks, 30–36 (Lexical_Choice_5_Tasks-2.docx) // ======================================================== { id:"lcmc_t1_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Many students feel they need time to ___ out what they really want to study before committing to a degree programme.", choices:["find", "figure", "work", "sort"], answer:"figure", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t1_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Some choose to travel, while others prefer to gain work ___ in their chosen field.", choices:["practice", "experience", "training", "knowledge"], answer:"experience", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t1_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Critics argue that a gap year is simply a ___ of time and money.", choices:["loss", "waste", "spend", "miss"], answer:"waste", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t1_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"They believe students should go ___ to university while their academic skills are still sharp.", choices:["directly", "immediately", "straight", "instantly"], answer:"straight", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t1_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"However, research suggests that gap year students often perform ___ in their studies than those who entered university immediately.", choices:["good", "well", "better", "best"], answer:"better", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t1_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Students need to ___ up with realistic goals and stick to them.", choices:["come", "make", "think", "set"], answer:"come", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t1_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Without structure, it's easy to ___ into bad habits and waste the entire year.", choices:["get", "fall", "go", "turn"], answer:"fall", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t2_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Negotiation is a skill that plays a ___ role in both professional and personal life.", choices:["vital", "living", "alive", "live"], answer:"vital", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t2_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Good negotiators know how to ___ their voice without becoming aggressive.", choices:["rise", "raise", "arise", "arouse"], answer:"raise", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t2_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ many people believe that negotiation is about winning at all costs, successful negotiators focus on creating solutions that benefit everyone involved.", choices:["Although", "However", "Despite", "Nevertheless"], answer:"Although", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t2_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Body language also has a significant ___ on how your message is received.", choices:["affect", "effect", "impact", "influence"], answer:"impact", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t2_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"You should ___ up on the other party's needs and priorities.", choices:["look", "read", "check", "search"], answer:"read", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t2_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"If talks break down, don't be afraid to ___ a step back and suggest a break.", choices:["make", "do", "take", "have"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t2_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Sometimes people need time to come ___ to a different point of view.", choices:["round", "across", "forward", "along"], answer:"round", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t3_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Urban farming is catching ___ in cities around the world as people become more interested in knowing where their food comes from.", choices:["up", "on", "out", "in"], answer:"on", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t3_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Rooftop gardens and community allotments allow city dwellers to grow their own vegetables, even when they have ___ space available.", choices:["rare", "limited", "short", "small"], answer:"limited", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t3_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Many people find it helps them ___ out of negative thought patterns.", choices:["break", "snap", "get", "come"], answer:"snap", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t3_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___, starting an urban garden requires some initial investment.", choices:["Therefore", "Moreover", "However", "Furthermore"], answer:"However", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t3_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"For beginners, it's best to start small and gradually ___ on more ambitious projects as you gain experience.", choices:["carry", "take", "bring", "put"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t3_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Some have ___ in new regulations to make it easier for residents to use public spaces for growing food.", choices:["brought", "taken", "carried", "set"], answer:"brought", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t3_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The trend shows no ___ of slowing down.", choices:["marks", "signals", "signs", "hints"], answer:"signs", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t4_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Scientists have been carrying ___ research into sleep disorders for decades.", choices:["on", "out", "through", "over"], answer:"out", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t4_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"One common problem is the ___ to 'switch off' at night.", choices:["inability", "disability", "incapability", "impossibility"], answer:"inability", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t4_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The blue light they emit can ___ on our natural sleep cycles, making it harder to fall asleep.", choices:["effect", "affect", "impact", "influence"], answer:"impact", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t4_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Experts ___ that adults need between seven and nine hours of sleep per night.", choices:["advise", "recommend", "suggest", "offer"], answer:"recommend", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t4_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Taking a warm shower, reading a book, or listening to calm music can help you ___ down before bed.", choices:["calm", "slow", "wind", "settle"], answer:"wind", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t4_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"If you find yourself lying awake at night, don't just ___ there getting frustrated.", choices:["lay", "lie", "lain", "laid"], answer:"lie", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t4_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ these simple steps won't cure serious sleep disorders, they can make a significant difference for most people.", choices:["Although", "Despite", "However", "While"], answer:"While", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t5_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Learning a foreign language is one of the most rewarding challenges a person can ___ on.", choices:["take", "bring", "carry", "put"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t5_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Many people give up too quickly, discouraged by the slow ___ they seem to be making.", choices:["development", "improvement", "progress", "advance"], answer:"progress", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t5_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"In ___, language learning is a marathon, not a sprint.", choices:["reality", "fact", "truth", "practice"], answer:"reality", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t5_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"One effective strategy is to ___ yourself in the language as much as possible.", choices:["surround", "immerse", "involve", "engage"], answer:"immerse", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t5_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Native speakers generally appreciate the ___ you're making and will help you improve.", choices:["effort", "attempt", "trial", "try"], answer:"effort", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t5_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Having someone to ___ on means you're less likely to skip practice sessions.", choices:["rely", "depend", "count", "trust"], answer:"count", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, { id:"lcmc_t5_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ how challenging it may seem at times, the sense of achievement when you finally hold a conversation in a new language makes it all worthwhile.", choices:["However", "Although", "Despite", "No matter"], answer:"No matter", alts:[], category:"lc_mc" }, // ======================================================== // EGE 2026 Use of English — Hobbies, Sport & Games — Grammar 19-24 (Hobbies_Sport_Games_Tasks.docx) // ======================================================== { id:"hsggr_s1_19", sentence:"Last summer, while I ___ the attic, I came across a small wooden box.", base:"TIDY", answer:"was tidying", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s1_20", sentence:"Inside it lay one of the ___ medals I had ever seen.", base:"SHINY", answer:"shiniest", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s1_21", sentence:"My grandfather ___ it at a regional athletics meeting in 1962.", base:"WIN", answer:"had won", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s1_22", sentence:"When I phoned the club, I learned that the final ___ forward to Friday.", base:"BRING", answer:"had been brought", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s1_23", sentence:"I promised my teammates that I ___ there on time, whatever happened.", base:"BE", answer:"would be", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s1_24", sentence:"If I ___ a bike, I could never reach the pitch so quickly.", base:"NOT HAVE", answer:"did not have", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s2_19", sentence:"By the time the coach arrived, the players ___ up for almost an hour.", base:"WARM", answer:"had been warming", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s2_20", sentence:"The opposing team looked far more ___ than us, which worried everyone.", base:"CONFIDENT", answer:"more confident", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s2_21", sentence:"Our captain said quietly that he ___ anything to win the cup.", base:"GIVE", answer:"would give", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s2_22", sentence:"If our goalkeeper ___ a little taller, that last shot would have been saved.", base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:["was"], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s2_23", sentence:"The trophy ___ to the winners by the mayor herself.", base:"PRESENT", answer:"was presented", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s2_24", sentence:"Since that evening, I ___ a single training session.", base:"NOT MISS", answer:"have not missed", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s3_19", sentence:"I ___ chess online for three years now, and I still love it.", base:"PLAY", answer:"have been playing", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s3_20", sentence:"As a child I thought board games were the ___ hobby imaginable.", base:"BORING", answer:"most boring", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s3_21", sentence:"Then, one rainy afternoon, my uncle ___ me the basic moves.", base:"TEACH", answer:"taught", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s3_22", sentence:"While my opponent ___, I quietly planned my next three moves.", base:"THINK", answer:"was thinking", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s3_23", sentence:"I told myself that I ___ the mistakes of my earlier games.", base:"NOT REPEAT", answer:"would not repeat", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, { id:"hsggr_s3_24", sentence:"If I ___ harder, I would probably win far more often.", base:"CONCENTRATE", answer:"concentrated", alts:[], category:"hsg_gr" }, // ======================================================== // Hobbies, Sport & Games — Word Formation 25-29 // ======================================================== { id:"hsgwf_s1_25", sentence:"Indoor climbing has grown rapidly in ___ over the past decade.", base:"POPULAR", answer:"popularity", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s1_26", sentence:"Most beginners find the sport surprisingly ___ from their very first session.", base:"ENJOY", answer:"enjoyable", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s1_27", sentence:"A good instructor explains the rules ___ before anyone leaves the ground.", base:"CARE", answer:"carefully", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s1_28", sentence:"Climbers quickly learn that ___ matters far more than raw strength.", base:"PATIENT", answer:"patience", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s1_29", sentence:"Falling is part of the process, so there is no reason to feel ___ when you slip.", base:"COURAGE", answer:"discouraged", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s2_25", sentence:"Our new coach has years of ___ about every position on the field.", base:"KNOW", answer:"knowledge", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s2_26", sentence:"She is famous for her highly ___ spirit, even in friendly matches.", base:"COMPETE", answer:"competitive", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s2_27", sentence:"Under her guidance, the squad has shown remarkable ___ this season.", base:"IMPROVE", answer:"improvement", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s2_28", sentence:"She treats every defeat as a ___ that can be learned from, not a disaster.", base:"FORTUNE", answer:"misfortune", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s2_29", sentence:"Thanks to her, the team plays far more ___ and wastes much less energy.", base:"PRACTICE", answer:"practically", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s3_25", sentence:"Board games offer hours of harmless ___ for the whole family.", base:"ENTERTAIN", answer:"entertainment", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s3_26", sentence:"Even very ___ players admit that the social side matters most.", base:"COMPETE", answer:"competitive", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s3_27", sentence:"A clear set of rules makes the game accessible to anyone, regardless of ___.", base:"ABLE", answer:"ability", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s3_28", sentence:"Beginners are often ___ enough to win their very first match by luck.", base:"FORTUNE", answer:"fortunate", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, { id:"hsgwf_s3_29", sentence:"The best games combine simple rules with almost ___ variety.", base:"END", answer:"endless", alts:[], category:"hsg_wf" }, // ======================================================== // Hobbies, Sport & Games — Lexical Choice 30-36 (4 options) // ======================================================== { id:"hsgmc_s1_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When I was twelve, my older sister finally persuaded me to ___ badminton.", choices:["take up", "take off", "take in", "take over"], answer:"take up", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s1_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"At first I was sure I had no ___ for it at all.", choices:["skill", "craft", "gift", "talent"], answer:"talent", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s1_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"My sister told me to stop comparing myself to others and simply do my ___.", choices:["best", "most", "finest", "top"], answer:"best", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s1_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"She also reminded me that constant practice would ___ a real difference.", choices:["do", "make", "take", "bring"], answer:"make", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s1_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I had to ___ losing a great many matches before I improved.", choices:["put off", "put down", "put up with", "put away"], answer:"put up with", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s1_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ I lost most evenings, I kept turning up to training.", choices:["Despite", "Because", "However", "Although"], answer:"Although", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s1_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"These days the coach often asks me to ___ the younger players to keep them motivated.", choices:["advice", "advise", "adviser", "advising"], answer:"advise", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s2_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"When the national trials were announced, I knew I wanted to ___ for them.", choices:["go in", "enter", "sign", "take"], answer:"go in", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s2_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"My friends said it was the chance of a ___ and I should not waste it.", choices:["living", "life", "lifespan", "lifetime"], answer:"lifetime", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s2_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I decided to ___ a chance and signed up the same afternoon.", choices:["take", "make", "do", "have"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s2_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"On the day, I tried hard to ___ on the coach's instructions rather than the crowd.", choices:["consider", "concentrate", "contain", "consist"], answer:"concentrate", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s2_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ my nerves, I managed to finish in the top ten.", choices:["Although", "However", "Despite", "Because"], answer:"Despite", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s2_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"The selectors asked me not to ___ of the programme before the season ended.", choices:["pull off", "pull up", "pull through", "pull out"], answer:"pull out", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s2_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Even now, I never let a good opportunity ___ me by without trying.", choices:["miss", "pass", "lose", "drop"], answer:"pass", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s3_30", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"For years I had meant to learn the guitar, but I never got ___ to it.", choices:["round", "around", "along", "over"], answer:"round", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s3_31", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Then a friend lent me hers, and within weeks I was completely ___ about it.", choices:["crazy", "keen", "fond", "mad"], answer:"mad", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s3_32", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"I would ___ great pleasure in practising the same song over and over.", choices:["take", "make", "do", "have"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s3_33", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Learning an instrument certainly ___ up a lot of my free time.", choices:["brings", "takes", "puts", "keeps"], answer:"takes", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s3_34", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"___ I improved, I still made the occasional silly mistake.", choices:["Despite", "However", "Even though", "In spite"], answer:"Even though", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s3_35", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"My teacher always told me to ___ my time and never rush a difficult passage.", choices:["spend", "make", "find", "take"], answer:"take", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, { id:"hsgmc_s3_36", type:"multiple-choice", sentence:"Whenever I felt like giving up, my friends encouraged me to ___.", choices:["carry off", "carry on", "carry out", "carry over"], answer:"carry on", alts:[], category:"hsg_mc" }, // ======================================================== // EGE Sets — 5 grammar items recovered (answers were TRUNCATED in the // source key cells; completions confirmed by the operator, one-time). // ======================================================== { id:"sggr_s2_22", sentence:"Scientists ___ the physics of lightning for centuries.", base:"STUDY", answer:"have been studying", alts:["have studied"], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s2_23", sentence:"By the time the storm ends, hundreds of lightning bolts ___ the ground.", base:"STRIKE", answer:"will have struck", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s4_24", sentence:"By 1914, the canal ___ and ships could pass through.", base:"COMPLETE", answer:"had been completed", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s5_24", sentence:"By the end of the day, many people ___ thousands of steps without even trying.", base:"TAKE", answer:"will have taken", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, { id:"sggr_s8_23", sentence:"By next year, several new brands ___ their collections.", base:"LAUNCH", answer:"will have launched", alts:[], category:"sg_gr" }, // ===== OGE (ОГЭ) — grammar passages (fill the whole text) ===== { id:"oge_g_03C7FF", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"I was sitting in an arm-chair and watching my sister Alison. She was getting ready for a party. Alison was 15 years ⟦1⟧ than me and she always treated me like a child. Alison took her jewellery box from the table. The box ⟦2⟧ of wood and had colourful stones on the top. “You know you must never touch it, right?” Alison said. “If the box was mine, I ⟦3⟧ you to touch it whenever you wanted,” I answered. Alison said nothing to that. When she put on her jewelry, she looked like a princess. She moved gracefully as if her ⟦4⟧ didn’t touch the ground. Alison kissed me goodnight and left. I tried to resist my curiosity but I ⟦5⟧. I opened the box. There ⟦6⟧ lots of rings, ear-rings, bracelets and necklaces inside. I got them all out. The ⟦7⟧ piece of jewelry I tried on was a silver necklace. After that I lost track of time. Suddenly I ⟦8⟧ Alison. She was standing at the doorway and looking at me angrily. I ⟦9⟧ what to say. Many years have passed since that night. Now I am a designer – I create clothes and accessories. My sister likes my work very much.", gaps:[{ base:"OLD", answer:"older", alts:[] }, { base:"MAKE", answer:"was made", alts:[] }, { base:"ALLOW", answer:"would allow", alts:[] }, { base:"FOOT", answer:"feet", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/CAN", answer:"could not", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[] }, { base:"SEE", answer:"saw", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/KNOW", answer:"did not know", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_0DE917", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"It was a cold January day in York, Pennsylvania. Dr. James turned on the television to check on the weather. The weatherman said that it was going to stay cold for several days. According to him, the roads ⟦1⟧ very dangerous because of the snow and ice and he strongly recommended staying at home if at all possible. Dr. James ⟦2⟧ stay at home. He worked in a hospital and there were patients waiting for him there. He put on a sweater, jacket, gloves, boots and a hat, and opened his front door. Everything ⟦3⟧ with snow. A cold wind blew inside. “Wow,” Dr. James said. “The weatherman was right! I wish I ⟦4⟧ a reindeer instead of my old car.” When Dr. James ⟦5⟧ slowly to work, he saw an accident. He stopped and ⟦6⟧ to the damaged car. There was a man and two ⟦7⟧ inside. “Is everyone okay?” Dr. James asked. “Yes, yes, we are fine,” answered the man. “I ⟦8⟧ 911 already. They are coming to help ⟦9⟧ . It looks like we won’t get to school today.”", gaps:[{ base:"BE", answer:"would be", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/CAN", answer:"could not", alts:[] }, { base:"COVER", answer:"was covered", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"had", alts:[] }, { base:"DRIVE", answer:"drove", alts:[] }, { base:"RUN", answer:"ran", alts:[] }, { base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[] }, { base:"CALL", answer:"have called", alts:[] }, { base:"WE", answer:"us", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_1CE26E", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Harry’s class was going on an excursion to the firehouse. Harry ⟦1⟧ proud because his Uncle Jim, a fireman, was going to show the children around the place. Naturally, the ⟦2⟧ thing Harry’s classmates wanted to see was the huge fire truck. There ⟦3⟧ eight vehicles at the firehouse at that moment. Uncle Jim explained how the trucks got water and even let the kids get inside the truck. “Have you ever fought a fire yourself?” a red-haired boy asked. “Yes, many times, unfortunately,” Uncle Jim answered. “I wish people ⟦4⟧ more responsibly when they used electrical devices at home or had picnics outdoors. But they often ⟦5⟧ anything can happen to them. Please remember that you ⟦6⟧ make fires in the woods. There is dry grass and dry ⟦7⟧ on the ground. They start to burn very easily. And there is nothing ⟦8⟧ than forest fires!” The children promised not to make any fires in the woods and Uncle Jim went on with the tour. He ⟦9⟧ them the fire alarm equipment, when a siren started wailing...", gaps:[{ base:"FEEL", answer:"felt", alts:[] }, { base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"BEHAVE", answer:"behaved", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/THINK", answer:"do not think", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/MUST", answer:"must not", alts:[] }, { base:"LEAF", answer:"leaves", alts:[] }, { base:"SHOW", answer:"showed", alts:[] }, { base:"DANGEROUS", answer:"more dangerous", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_27228A", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"It was early morning. Ben jumped out of his bed as soon as the ⟦1⟧ rays of sun came into the room. He grabbed his backpack and started to pack. Ben put in some of his favourite things to take with ⟦2⟧ on the trip to Grandpa’s. He put in his favourite book, his kite and his teddy bear. Soon everything ⟦3⟧ and he started to get dressed. Visiting Grandpa had always been the ⟦4⟧ part of his summer vacation. Together, they went fishing and watched football matches. Ben’s granddad ⟦5⟧ him how to repair bikes and other things. Ben’s mum entered his room. “Grandpa’s here,” she said with a smile. Ben told her that he ⟦6⟧ ready to go. He grabbed his backpack and ran into the kitchen where Grandpa ⟦7⟧ his tea. “Ready, big guy?” asked Grandpa. “Will you have breakfast before we leave?” “No, I ⟦8⟧ hungry”, Ben answered, “I’ll have breakfast at your place. Grandma ⟦9⟧ something nice for me, hasn’t she?”", gaps:[{ base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[] }, { base:"HE", answer:"him", alts:[] }, { base:"PACK", answer:"was packed", alts:[] }, { base:"GOOD", answer:"best", alts:[] }, { base:"TEACH", answer:"taught", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/BE", answer:"was not", alts:[] }, { base:"DRINK", answer:"was drinking", alts:[] }, { base:"COOK", answer:"cooks", alts:["will cook"] }] }, { id:"oge_g_2F1E9C", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Lucky, a big black cat, went missing shortly after our family moved to a new house. He was curious and enjoyed exploring the environment. It often made us worry about ⟦1⟧ . Mum often said “I wish our Lucky ⟦2⟧ less curious. I feel better when he is in the house, safe and lazy.” As we ⟦3⟧ keep him at home, we made him wear a special tag. Our address ⟦4⟧ on it in large printed letters. Mum said: “If one day Lucky gets missing, the tag ⟦5⟧ us find him”. Lucky disappeared on the ⟦6⟧ day after moving house. We looked for the cat everywhere. We asked all our new neighbours about him. We even asked all the ⟦7⟧ in our district if they had seen him. But nobody had seen a cat that looked like our Lucky. In the end, we ⟦8⟧ hope. Two weeks later I was passing by our old house. On the porch there was a cat that looked strikingly like Lucky. And it was Lucky! I grabbed him and brought him home. “Mum, look who I ⟦9⟧ !” I cried to mum. “The new owner told me the cat had been waiting for us in our old house. Nobody could inform us about him because the address on the cat’s tag is our old address.”", gaps:[{ base:"HE", answer:"him", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/CAN", answer:"could not", alts:[] }, { base:"WRITE", answer:"was written", alts:[] }, { base:"HELP", answer:"will help", alts:[] }, { base:"THREE", answer:"third", alts:[] }, { base:"POLICEMAN", answer:"policemen", alts:[] }, { base:"LOSE", answer:"lost", alts:[] }, { base:"FIND", answer:"have found", alts:["found"] }] }, { id:"oge_g_3027F0", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"A few years ago I was on a camping holiday in Bristol. There ⟦1⟧ lots of other girls from around the UK, but I was the only one from Scotland. The camp ⟦2⟧ in the woods, not far from the river. The camp life was even ⟦3⟧ than I had expected. We enjoyed all kinds of camping activities – sports and games, different shows and contests. Everything was fine apart from one incident that took me aback. Once, at lunchtime, when I ⟦4⟧ ice cream, one of the girls asked: “So, do you have ice cream in Scotland?” I ⟦5⟧ how to react. My neighbour repeated her question. I nodded, “Yes.” My answer provoked a wave of absurd questions about my country: “Have you ever seen a ghost in your castle?” “Do all Scottish ⟦6⟧ wear checked skirts?” I ⟦7⟧ out that some people believe silly stereotypes about Scotland. They believe that Scots really carry bagpipes in ⟦8⟧ bags to play the instrument on the streets, and that Scots practise magic. At last, the girls said that they ⟦9⟧ to Scotland one day to see it with their own eyes and to separate the truth from the myths.", gaps:[{ base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"LOCATE", answer:"was located", alts:[] }, { base:"INTERESTING", answer:"more interesting", alts:[] }, { base:"EAT", answer:"was eating", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/KNOW", answer:"did not know", alts:[] }, { base:"MAN", answer:"men", alts:[] }, { base:"FIND", answer:"found", alts:[] }, { base:"THEY", answer:"their", alts:[] }, { base:"COME", answer:"would come", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_341772", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"It was the middle of November and Tina felt down and depressed. Late autumn was the ⟦1⟧ season of the year. It often ⟦2⟧ , and Tina had to spend most of her time indoors. Because of this, she really welcomed the changes in her school routine. The school administration introduced a new class - a dance class. But not everyone was happy! The boys said that it ⟦3⟧ a waste of time. They often missed the class and, when they attended, they ⟦4⟧ to the teacher’s instructions but tried to make fun of everything. “I wish we ⟦5⟧ a class for girls only,” Tina thought. The Junior Dance Competition ⟦6⟧ in their town every year. It was a spectacular show. “Your dancing ⟦7⟧ every day,” the teacher said one day. “If you go on like this, you ⟦8⟧ a chance to take part in the Dance Competition next month.” Tina imagined herself wearing a beautiful dress and elegant shoes on her ⟦9⟧ . She decided it was something she’d like to try.", gaps:[{ base:"BAD", answer:"worst", alts:[] }, { base:"RAIN", answer:"rained", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/LISTEN", answer:"did not listen", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"had", alts:[] }, { base:"HOLD", answer:"is held", alts:[] }, { base:"IMPROVE", answer:"is improving", alts:["improves"] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"will have", alts:[] }, { base:"FOOT", answer:"feet", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_348166", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"The camel was very thirsty. His last drink had been weeks ago. His feet sank in the hot sand and he ⟦1⟧ hardly move. \"When will I reach water?\" he thought. \"And I ⟦2⟧ for ages.\" It was obvious that if the camel didn’t find any water and food soon, he ⟦3⟧ . He made a few steps toward another dune. It was ⟦4⟧ to walk along the top of a hill, than along the bottom. At last, he ⟦5⟧ something green in the distance. Was it a mirage or an oasis? He hoped for the best and the hope helped ⟦6⟧ move faster. Soon, that distant green colour turned into real trees and grass. There ⟦7⟧ a small stream of water and some palm trees that gave shade. Their wide ⟦8⟧ could protect the camel from the sun's rays. Though the sun ⟦9⟧, it didn’t burn anymore. Unfortunately, it was impossible to stay there forever. A short rest and the camel had to move on towards his destination.", gaps:[{ base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/EAT", answer:"have not eaten", alts:[] }, { base:"DIE", answer:"would die", alts:[] }, { base:"EASY", answer:"easier", alts:[] }, { base:"SEE", answer:"saw", alts:[] }, { base:"HE", answer:"him", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"LEAF", answer:"leaves", alts:[] }, { base:"SHINE", answer:"shone", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_390E76", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"It was a nice sunny day and mum decided to take us to the zoo. My younger sister, Wendy, was delighted. She enjoyed books and films about animals but she had never been to the zoo. “How many animals live in the zoo? Can we give ⟦1⟧ some food? Are there any crocodiles? Who ⟦2⟧ care of the lions?” my sister was very excited and asked a lot of questions. She kept talking all the time and ⟦3⟧ that nobody was answering her questions. When we ⟦4⟧ at the zoo, it was midday. There ⟦5⟧ a lot of people everywhere. The territory of the zoo was large, and the animals ⟦6⟧ in large enclosures that imitated their natural environment. When we went up to the enclosure that had a family of Indian elephants, they ⟦7⟧ their lunch. They were focused on their food and didn’t pay much attention to the visitors. “They are the ⟦8⟧ animals I’ve ever seen” said Wendy in an impressed voice. “I wish we ⟦9⟧ keep a baby elephant as a pet.” Mum said nothing and we proceeded to the pool that had the seals and penguins.", gaps:[{ base:"THEY", answer:"them", alts:[] }, { base:"TAKE", answer:"takes", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/MIND", answer:"did not mind", alts:[] }, { base:"ARRIVE", answer:"arrived", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"KEEP", answer:"were kept", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"were having", alts:[] }, { base:"LARGE", answer:"largest", alts:[] }, { base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_4151DC", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Martin was in a hurry as he had to be in the office as soon as possible. His boss ⟦1⟧ it when anyone missed the morning meetings and Martin had already been late several times that week. His boss had warned him: “If you are late again, you ⟦2⟧ your job.” Martin was afraid of losing his job. His colleagues were nice to him; the salary was good and he sometimes ⟦3⟧ on business trips abroad. It was actually the ⟦4⟧ job he had ever had. He ran out of the house, jumped into his car and backed up without looking. BOOM! There ⟦5⟧ a sound like someone hitting a drum. Martin had hit the car behind him. “Oh, no!” Martin exclaimed. Martin glanced at his watch. It was 7:18. He looked around. There were no ⟦6⟧ on the street and he decided to drive off quickly. It took ⟦7⟧ 20 minutes to get to work. The boss was not around. “Thank goodness,” Martin said to himself and sat down at his desk to work. The boss arrived an hour later. “Somebody hit my car and left without leaving a note,” he said angrily. “I wish I ⟦8⟧ who he was. My car was absolutely new! It ⟦9⟧ only a week ago.” Martin went up to the window, saw the car and understood that he would lose his job anyway.", gaps:[{ base:"NOT/LIKE", answer:"did not like", alts:[] }, { base:"LOSE", answer:"will lose", alts:[] }, { base:"GO", answer:"went", alts:[] }, { base:"GOOD", answer:"best", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"POLICEMAN", answer:"policemen", alts:[] }, { base:"HE", answer:"him", alts:[] }, { base:"KNOW", answer:"knew", alts:[] }, { base:"BUY", answer:"was bought", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_420764", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"The phone rang in Clark Taylor’s house at nearly three in the morning. He answered it only after the ⟦1⟧ ring. “Hello,” Clark said in a sleepy voice. “Mr. Taylor. Thank goodness. I need your help.” Clark definitely ⟦2⟧ the voice. However, he was sleepy and ⟦3⟧ remember who it was. “Mr. Taylor!” the man said. “I am in trouble. The police allowed me only one phone call. And I am calling you.” Then, the fog cleared. Although nearly ten years had passed since ⟦4⟧ last meeting, Clark was able to recognise the voice. It belonged to Martin Hall, one of the ⟦5⟧ math students he had ever had. “Martin, what’s happened? Where are you?” Clark asked. “In the police station. I ⟦6⟧ at the railway station two hours ago. I was going to a conference. The police mistook me for another person. The irony is that I really do look like the criminal that they are looking for. Besides that, I ⟦7⟧ my ID card and I can’t prove who I am. You are the only person in this town who knows me. Can you help me?” Martin Hall asked. “If you give me the address, I ⟦8⟧ at once,” Clark said, jumping up of the bed. It was not difficult for him to prove that Martin Hall was his former student. Clark brought a scientific journal with Martin’s article and a photo of him. The ⟦9⟧ were surprised to find out that their prisoner was a capable young scientist.", gaps:[{ base:"FIVE", answer:"fifth", alts:[] }, { base:"KNOW", answer:"knew", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/CAN", answer:"could not", alts:[] }, { base:"THEY", answer:"their", alts:[] }, { base:"BRIGHT", answer:"brightest", alts:[] }, { base:"ARREST", answer:"was arrested", alts:[] }, { base:"LOSE", answer:"have lost", alts:[] }, { base:"COME", answer:"will come", alts:[] }, { base:"POLICEMAN", answer:"policemen", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_4C9DC8", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"It was a hot summer day. Tom and his mum were heading to the beach. Tom was only wearing shorts and a pair of sandals on his ⟦1⟧ but he felt hot anyway. When they came to the beach, they found out that the sea ⟦2⟧ calm – powerful waves were breaking on the shore. Mum ⟦3⟧ in hesitation. “It’s fine. I can easily swim in these waves,” Tom wanted to demonstrate his swimming skills. But his mother said that they ⟦4⟧ out of the water till the sea calmed down. Sitting close to ⟦5⟧ was a boy about Tom’s age. He was alone because his parents ⟦6⟧ to buy some sandwiches. He came over and said his name was Gary. His shoulders ⟦7⟧ with protective suntan lotion, but they looked red anyway. “It’s getting ⟦8⟧ every minute,” said Gary. “How about a swim?” “No way,” Tom’s mother was definitely against the idea and Tom had to obey. “As you like,” Gary said and headed to the water. The ⟦9⟧ wave hit him hard and he lost his balance. Everything was happening very fast – Gary fell down and went under the water. Fortunately, Tom and his mother were close enough to get him out in time.", gaps:[{ base:"FOOT", answer:"feet", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/BE", answer:"was not", alts:[] }, { base:"STOP", answer:"stopped", alts:[] }, { base:"STAY", answer:"should stay", alts:["had to stay"] }, { base:"THEY", answer:"them", alts:[] }, { base:"LEAVE", answer:"had left", alts:[] }, { base:"COVER", answer:"were covered", alts:[] }, { base:"HOT", answer:"hotter", alts:[] }, { base:"THREE", answer:"third", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_503826", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"When my brother and I were small, our parents spent a lot of time with us. They believed that ⟦1⟧ should learn something new every day and every hour. A weekend in our family meant that our parents ⟦2⟧ us up even earlier than on weekdays. We had breakfast and set off to see some place of interest, or museum, or exhibition. Usually, they ⟦3⟧ us where we wanted to go. It was ⟦4⟧ decision. One day they told us that we were going to visit a historical museum which was a good distance away from the city. The day ⟦5⟧ cold and gloomy. The sky ⟦6⟧ with heavy dark clouds. But the weather didn’t make our parents change their plan. “Are you ready to go?” Dad asked. “Mum ⟦7⟧ the sandwiches for us already. In case we get hungry and there’s no cafe nearby.” “And what will we do if it ⟦8⟧ ?” my brother asked quietly. “Getting wet is not a problem,” Dad replied. “I’m sure you understand that visiting a museum is much ⟦9⟧ for you than watching TV at home.” My brother and I sighed. The film we wanted to see so much was on TV on that very day. We looked at each other and decided that we needed a plan...", gaps:[{ base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[] }, { base:"WAKE", answer:"woke", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/ASK", answer:"did not ask", alts:[] }, { base:"THEY", answer:"their", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"COVER", answer:"was covered", alts:[] }, { base:"PACK", answer:"has packed", alts:[] }, { base:"RAIN", answer:"rains", alts:[] }, { base:"GOOD", answer:"better", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_54A0AB", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"“What would you like me to bring you from London?” Dad often asked me this question when he was going somewhere on business. He worked a lot and ⟦1⟧ a lot of time with the family. We knew that he loved ⟦2⟧ a lot but he was really a very busy person. And it was his ⟦3⟧ business trip that month. I thought for a moment and said: “I want a Paddington Bear.” My dad ⟦4⟧ his suitcase but he looked up at me at once when he heard that. He was surprised and asked me why I ⟦5⟧ a Paddington Bear. I didn’t know what to answer. My dad ⟦6⟧ packing and sat down beside me. “You know, when I was small,” dad said quietly, “that bear was my favourite fictional character.” I read the book too and I also saw a film about that character. He was a very polite bear who travelled to London from some exotic country. He ⟦7⟧ in Paddington Station by the Brown family, who adopted him. The soft toy changed their life and made it much ⟦8⟧ . “Ok. I ⟦9⟧ you the bear if you want”, said Dad. “And we’ll also see the film about him as soon as I come back. Agreed?” “Sure.” I was delighted with his plan.", gaps:[{ base:"NOT/SPEND", answer:"did not spend", alts:[] }, { base:"WE", answer:"us", alts:[] }, { base:"THREE", answer:"third", alts:[] }, { base:"PACK", answer:"was packing", alts:[] }, { base:"WANT", answer:"wanted", alts:[] }, { base:"STOP", answer:"stopped", alts:[] }, { base:"DISCOVER", answer:"was discovered", alts:[] }, { base:"GOOD", answer:"better", alts:[] }, { base:"BRING", answer:"will bring", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_569452", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Jane liked going to the park with her mum. One day when they were there, she said, “There is so much rubbish on the ground.” They looked around. There were old ⟦1⟧ , waste paper and cans on the ground. Several benches ⟦2⟧ . “You are right,” her mum said. “I wish people ⟦3⟧ about the environment more.” “I do care about it but I ⟦4⟧ what I can do to help the park,” said Jane. Jane and her mum went home. In the evening she painted a picture of the park. At the top of the picture she ⟦5⟧ “PLEASE KEEP ME CLEAN”. The next day Jane and her mum went to the park ⟦6⟧ than usual. Jane taped her picture onto a big rubbish bin and started picking up rubbish. Some children ran over to see what was going on. They decided to help Jane. Soon all the rubbish was in the bags. “Good job,” Jane said, “We ⟦7⟧ half of the park. If we come and complete the other part tomorrow, the whole park ⟦8⟧ clean and tidy. I hope people won’t throw ⟦9⟧ rubbish here any more.”", gaps:[{ base:"BOX", answer:"boxes", alts:[] }, { base:"BREAK", answer:"were broken", alts:[] }, { base:"CARE", answer:"cared", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/KNOW", answer:"do not know", alts:[] }, { base:"WRITE", answer:"wrote", alts:[] }, { base:"EARLY", answer:"earlier", alts:[] }, { base:"CLEAN", answer:"have cleaned", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"will be", alts:[] }, { base:"THEY", answer:"their", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_58F7C0", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Mary’s birthday was on Saturday and she decided to arrange the party all by herself. At first, making a party to celebrate her ⟦1⟧ birthday looked like an easy thing to do. But when Mary started planning the event, a lot of questions came up. And the main problem was that she ⟦2⟧ what to start with! Mary called her cousin Vicki and asked if she ⟦3⟧ help with the arrangements. Vicki was a year ⟦4⟧ and more experienced in arranging parties. Vicki agreed and went to Mary’s house at once. When Vicki arrived, Mary ⟦5⟧ a menu for the party. Vicki looked at the draft of the menu and ⟦6⟧ Mary that her approach was totally wrong. “We shouldn’t start with the menu,” she said, “We should start with the list of guests and with the programme for the event. You ⟦7⟧ who you want to invite to your party, haven’t you?” “No,” answered Mary, “I haven’t.” It took the girls half an hour to make a list of guests. Each name ⟦8⟧ carefully on glossy paper. “It looks fine,” said Vicki, “But there are too many of ⟦9⟧ . Don’t you think so?”", gaps:[{ base:"FIFTEEN", answer:"fifteenth", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/KNOW", answer:"did not know", alts:[] }, { base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }, { base:"OLD", answer:"older", alts:[] }, { base:"DESIGN", answer:"was designing", alts:[] }, { base:"TELL", answer:"told", alts:[] }, { base:"DECIDE", answer:"have decided", alts:[] }, { base:"WRITE", answer:"was written", alts:[] }, { base:"THEY", answer:"them", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_5AEA36", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Martin and Jane were shopping. They were in the ⟦1⟧ shopping centre in their city. In fact, it was their favourite place because it was nice and not very expensive. The centre ⟦2⟧ Dress for Less. Unlike most ⟦3⟧ , Martin liked shopping. Today he felt really happy because he ⟦4⟧ a shirt and a pair of jeans. Jane was still in the changing room so Martin had time for a cup of coffee in the lobby. It was the first time Martin had had a good look at the building itself. The shopping centre building ⟦5⟧ impressive. The engineers had used advanced technologies to make it light, warm and spacious. “Hi!” Martin ⟦6⟧ Jane’s voice. “What are you having? Coffee? No, I ⟦7⟧ coffee. Never. It’s not good for your health. ” “Look, Jane, do you know the name of the architect of this building?” Martin interrupted her. Jane looked puzzled. “I wish we ⟦8⟧ change our life a bit,” went on Martin. “We probably spend too much time on things like shopping and miss more important things. When was the last time we visited a museum?” Jane quietly sat down on the chair beside ⟦9⟧ .", gaps:[{ base:"LARGE", answer:"largest", alts:[] }, { base:"CALL", answer:"was called", alts:[] }, { base:"MAN", answer:"men", alts:[] }, { base:"BUY", answer:"had bought", alts:["bought"] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"HEAR", answer:"heard", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/DRINK", answer:"do not drink", alts:[] }, { base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }, { base:"HE", answer:"him", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_5F09B2", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Jeff woke up late. The house was very quiet and Jeff ⟦1⟧ that he was alone there. He got up and headed to the kitchen. There ⟦2⟧ nobody in it but he felt the delicious aroma of fresh baking. A large bowl of doughnuts was on the table. It ⟦3⟧ with a white kitchen towel but Jeff could not resist it and pulled out a doughnut. When he was consuming his ⟦4⟧ one, his grandmother appeared at the doorway. She ⟦5⟧ light working trousers, a T-shirt, and an old straw hat. Jeff guessed that she had been working on ⟦6⟧ roses, in the front garden. “Fine, you ⟦7⟧ up at last!” said Granny, “But why are you still undressed? Go and wash and get dressed immediately!” Jeff remembered that Granny had always been very strict about the morning routine. She never allowed her grandchildren to look untidy or avoid brushing their ⟦8⟧ . “Ok-ok, just a second,” laughed Jeff picking up another doughnut and retreating through the other door. “I ⟦9⟧ as soon as I am ready.”", gaps:[{ base:"UNDERSTAND", answer:"understood", alts:["realised"] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"COVER", answer:"was covered", alts:[] }, { base:"FIVE", answer:"fifth", alts:[] }, { base:"WEAR", answer:"was wearing", alts:[] }, { base:"SHE", answer:"her", alts:[] }, { base:"WAKE", answer:"woke", alts:[] }, { base:"TOOTH", answer:"teeth", alts:[] }, { base:"COME", answer:"will come", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_5F7DE3", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Most adults miss their childhood. “Your school years are the ⟦1⟧ years of your life,” – have you ever heard that phrase? Just recently, while I was on my way to work, I started thinking back to my own school years. They probably were not trouble-free but there ⟦2⟧ many reasons for us to feel happy at school. One of them was spending every single day with friends. We ⟦3⟧ tired of being together. The ⟦4⟧ one was uniform. Yes, in my opinion, the school uniform had more advantages than disadvantages. It was dark green, unfashionable but comfortable. It ⟦5⟧ of natural materials. Besides, the uniform ⟦6⟧ a lot of time in the mornings. Now it ⟦7⟧ me hours to decide what to wear. Another thing is that I don’t really like sport. But at school we ⟦8⟧ football, netball, hockey and so on. Sport was compulsory. Now I realise that this was a good thing! And of course there were… holidays! Christmas, Easter, half-term, and the jackpot – the summer holidays. I wish I ⟦9⟧ as much free time now.", gaps:[{ base:"GOOD", answer:"best", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/GET", answer:"never got", alts:[] }, { base:"TWO", answer:"second", alts:[] }, { base:"MAKE", answer:"was made", alts:[] }, { base:"SAVE", answer:"saved", alts:[] }, { base:"TAKE", answer:"takes", alts:[] }, { base:"PLAY", answer:"played", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"had", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_62DBC2", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Most people love jokes. A good joke can break the ice and make the conversation enjoyable. My friend’s hobby is collecting jokes. When he ⟦1⟧ a good joke, he writes it down on a special card. The cards ⟦2⟧ in a box in his room. When I visit ⟦3⟧ , I never miss a chance to read a joke from his collection. Yesterday’s joke was about famous detectives. Here it is. One day Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson went camping. They put up a tent, made a fire and had a good dinner of meat and ⟦4⟧ . That night, Holmes ⟦5⟧ up and asked: \"Watson, look up and tell me what you see.\" Watson said that he ⟦6⟧ millions of stars. \"And what does it tell you?\" Holmes went on his interrogation. \"Well, if we apply our deductive method, we’ll come to several conclusions. Astronomically, there are billions of planets. My ⟦7⟧ conclusion is astrological – I observe Saturn in Leo. And, meteorologically, it’ll be a beautiful day tomorrow. I wish we ⟦8⟧ this kind of weather more often in this country. And what does the sky tell you, Holmes?\" Holmes was silent for a moment and then said, \"Someone ⟦9⟧ our tent!\"", gaps:[{ base:"HEAR", answer:"hears", alts:[] }, { base:"KEEP", answer:"are kept", alts:[] }, { base:"HE", answer:"him", alts:[] }, { base:"POTATO", answer:"potatoes", alts:[] }, { base:"WAKE", answer:"woke", alts:[] }, { base:"SEE", answer:"saw", alts:[] }, { base:"TWO", answer:"second", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"had", alts:[] }, { base:"STEAL", answer:"has stolen", alts:["stole"] }] }, { id:"oge_g_700988", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"The phone woke Kim up. She answered the call almost immediately, after the ⟦1⟧ beep, because she expected her mother to call. But it wasn’t her. The voice on the other end of the line sounded familiar but Kim ⟦2⟧ remember who it belonged to. “Hello,” the lady said. “Can I speak to Mrs. Len?” “I’m sorry but she’s not at home. She’s out. She ⟦3⟧ in the park.” It was very cold out-of-doors and everything ⟦4⟧ in snow but Kim’s mother walked in all weathers. She believed that it ⟦5⟧ her keep fit and gave her extra energy. She actually looked younger than other ⟦6⟧ of her age and that was probably because of her walking. “Can I take a message?” Kim asked politely. “No. I ⟦7⟧ her later. When is she going to be back?” “She normally ⟦8⟧ home at five.” “Fine,” came the answer and the phone went dead. Kim felt a bit hurt. “It’s not polite to break off a conversation like that,” she thought to herself. If I ⟦9⟧ older, I would explain to that lady how to talk to people politely.”", gaps:[{ base:"THREE", answer:"third", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/CAN", answer:"could not", alts:[] }, { base:"WALK", answer:"was walking", alts:[] }, { base:"COVER", answer:"was covered", alts:[] }, { base:"HELP", answer:"helped", alts:[] }, { base:"WOMAN", answer:"women", alts:[] }, { base:"CALL", answer:"will call", alts:[] }, { base:"COME", answer:"comes", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_7D754B", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"It was late at night but the light was on in Ted’s room. When I ⟦1⟧ in, he didn’t even turn to me. I looked at his monitor and realized that he ⟦2⟧ the Internet for job vacancies. “Why do you need a job?” I asked. “You ⟦3⟧ by Mr. Green only a week ago as far as I remember.” “Yes, I was. I got a job of a waiter in his restaurant. But I ⟦4⟧ that job already. They said I was rude to a client.” “Were you?” I was surprised since Ted was the ⟦5⟧ and tolerant person I’d ever met. “Yes, it was probably rude of ⟦6⟧ to tell those ladies that I wouldn’t bring them anything else. Just imagine – they had changed their order three times! Each time they tried a dish, they ⟦7⟧ it. When they said that for the ⟦8⟧ time, I lost control. One of the ⟦9⟧ called for the manager and complained.” Ted nervously turned back to his computer. “I didn’t like that job anyway.”", gaps:[{ base:"COME", answer:"came", alts:[] }, { base:"SURF", answer:"was surfing", alts:["had been surfing"] }, { base:"EMPLOY", answer:"were employed", alts:[] }, { base:"LOSE", answer:"have lost", alts:[] }, { base:"PATIENT", answer:"most patient", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }, { base:"LIKE", answer:"liked", alts:[] }, { base:"FOUR", answer:"fourth", alts:[] }, { base:"WOMAN", answer:"women", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_848781", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Michael could not imagine his life without computers. His parents ⟦1⟧ him his first computer at the age of seven. It took ⟦2⟧ several days to learn how to use it. His mum said that younger people were much ⟦3⟧ than adults at learning computer skills. That was probably true – most ⟦4⟧ in Michael’s class were very competent computer users. Michael was really surprised to find out that the first personal computer ⟦5⟧ in the 70s of the last century. “And how did you chat or send your e-mails without computers?” he asked his mother. She smiled: “We ⟦6⟧ each other e-mails. And there were no networks.” She also said that it ⟦7⟧ fun to communicate face-to-face, to play out-of-doors and to visit friends’ homes. “But if there ⟦8⟧ no computers, I wouldn’t be able to communicate with my friends who live far away from me,” Michael replied. “True. Technological progress is a great thing,” his mother said. “And I think people ⟦9⟧ even more amazing communication devices in the near future.”", gaps:[{ base:"BUY", answer:"bought", alts:[] }, { base:"HE", answer:"him", alts:[] }, { base:"FAST", answer:"faster", alts:[] }, { base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[] }, { base:"INVENT", answer:"was invented", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/SEND", answer:"did not send", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"CREATE", answer:"will create", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_84DFD3", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"It was Friday evening. Liz was looking forward to Saturday because it was her husband’s birthday. She had been preparing for this event for a long time. She had invited ⟦1⟧ college friends and they were all coming from different cities. The best part was that Carlos, her husband, ⟦2⟧ anything about the arrangements. It was going to be a surprise. Liz ⟦3⟧ sandwiches when Carlos came into the kitchen. “Look, darling,” he said, “I know it’s my birthday tomorrow but I don’t want to do anything special for it.” Liz thought, “I wish I ⟦4⟧ cancel the party but I can’t – it’s too late. The party will take place anyway and it will be the ⟦5⟧ party ever”. When Carlos came home on Saturday, there ⟦6⟧ lots of people there. Carlos ⟦7⟧ them that he felt very happy to see them all and it was true! The guests enjoyed the dinner and then Liz brought in a cake. The cake ⟦8⟧ with chocolates and jellies, and it had as many candles as the number of years Carlos had reached that day. Carlos couldn’t blow them out on the ⟦9⟧ try and his friends were delighted to help him.", gaps:[{ base:"THEY", answer:"their", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/KNOW", answer:"did not know", alts:[] }, { base:"MAKE", answer:"was making", alts:[] }, { base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }, { base:"GOOD", answer:"best", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"TELL", answer:"told", alts:[] }, { base:"DECORATE", answer:"was decorated", alts:[] }, { base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_87033B", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Jenny loved climbing. It was a strange hobby for a girl and her family wanted her to stop it, but Jenny ⟦1⟧ to anybody. \"There are still several trees in the garden I haven’t climbed yet,\" Jenny said. One day, she ⟦2⟧ the apple tree in the yard, when she suddenly slipped and fell down. Jenny ⟦3⟧ a terrible pain and started to cry. Her mum came outside and saw that her hand was swollen and looked dark. \"I wish you ⟦4⟧ some other hobby!\" she said. \"Jenny, please, promise ⟦5⟧ that you'll never do this silly climbing again!\" Jenny nodded. Her mother took Jenny to the doctor. It turned out that two of the bones ⟦6⟧ . For the ⟦7⟧ time Jenny had a cast on her arm, from her fingers down to her elbow. For several weeks, Jenny had to have the cast on. It was a huge relief to get it off, finally. At last, she could get back to her favourite ⟦8⟧ which were running, swimming, and climbing. But now climbing was out – Jenny was determined to stick to her promise. “If I break my promise, mum ⟦9⟧ upset. And I don’t want her to feel like this.”", gaps:[{ base:"NOT/LISTEN", answer:"did not listen", alts:[] }, { base:"CLIMB", answer:"was climbing", alts:[] }, { base:"FEEL", answer:"felt", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"had", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }, { base:"BREAK", answer:"were broken", alts:[] }, { base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[] }, { base:"ACTIVITY", answer:"activities", alts:[] }, { base:"GET", answer:"will get", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_8A55F8", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Anna was glad that the academic year was about to finish. Like most ⟦1⟧ she was looking forward to the summer but not because she wanted to relax. Her plans ⟦2⟧ ambitious. Anna wanted to buy a professional digital camera and it wasn’t easy to save enough money. Anna had already chosen the model she wanted. Her dad said that he ⟦3⟧ her the camera in a couple of years. But Anna ⟦4⟧ wait so long, she needed it right then. “If I ⟦5⟧ it now, I would be able to take part in the Professional Photograph Competition. Everyone says I’ve got talent,” she said to herself, looking at the magazine where an article about the competition ⟦6⟧ . While she was reading the article for the ⟦7⟧ time, a brilliant idea came to her – why not take up a summer job as a photographer? She reached for the phone and dialed the number of the ⟦8⟧ photography agency in the town. “Hello, can I help you?” the woman’s voice sounded encouraging and Anna ⟦9⟧ that she probably had a chance.", gaps:[{ base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"GIVE", answer:"would give", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/CAN", answer:"could not", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"had", alts:[] }, { base:"PUBLISH", answer:"was published", alts:[] }, { base:"TWO", answer:"second", alts:[] }, { base:"LARGE", answer:"largest", alts:[] }, { base:"THINK", answer:"thought", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_8DBD8C", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Tom woke up relatively early. But he ⟦1⟧ at once that he was not the first awake. There was somebody in the kitchen already. Tom went out to inspect, and found that his dad was there – he ⟦2⟧ vegetables. It was rather strange – everyone knew that dad ⟦3⟧ cooking. “I wish I ⟦4⟧ what you are doing,” he said. Dad gave ⟦5⟧ a smile and answered “Wait and see.” He pulled out a juicing machine from the cupboard. Nobody had used it for ages and the machine ⟦6⟧ with a thin layer of dust. Tom’s dad washed it and turned it on. Then he put a handful of carrots inside. Next he added cucumbers and ⟦7⟧. Dad made three large cups of the stuff. He took one and drank it. He handed the ⟦8⟧ cup to Tom. To his surprise the juice tasted really good. “You don’t eat enough vegetables,” his dad said. “If you don’t like eating them, you’ll probably like drinking them.” Tom nodded. It was definitely ⟦9⟧ than the stewed vegetables his mum cooked almost every day.", gaps:[{ base:"UNDERSTAND", answer:"understood", alts:[] }, { base:"CUT", answer:"was cutting", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/LIKE", answer:"did not like", alts:[] }, { base:"KNOW", answer:"knew", alts:[] }, { base:"HE", answer:"him", alts:[] }, { base:"COVER", answer:"was covered", alts:[] }, { base:"TOMATO", answer:"tomatoes", alts:[] }, { base:"TWO", answer:"second", alts:[] }, { base:"GOOD", answer:"better", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_8E6621", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Veronica loved autumn. It was her favourite season. There were many good things about it. She loved the smells, the changing ⟦1⟧, and the cool breezes. There ⟦2⟧ also apple pies, apple doughnuts and pumpkin pies. For Veronica, pumpkin pies were the ⟦3⟧ , especially when her mother cooked them. Veronica had never tried to make a pie herself, but she knew how, as she had seen how ⟦4⟧ mother made it many times. One day, on her way from school, Veronica ⟦5⟧ a pumpkin and decided to cook it. She tried to do everything the same way her mother usually did. Veronica was in the kitchen and ⟦6⟧ the door bell. Her mother had to use her key to enter the house. “Who ⟦7⟧ a pie?” her mother asked. “I can smell it. How soon is it going to be ready? I’m very hungry.” When the pie was ready, Veronica put it on the table. The pie looked nice: it ⟦8⟧ with nuts and coloured sugar. Veronica’s mother had a large piece. She smiled and said that she ⟦9⟧ it very much.", gaps:[{ base:"LEAF", answer:"leaves", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"GOOD", answer:"best", alts:[] }, { base:"SHE", answer:"her", alts:[] }, { base:"BUY", answer:"bought", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/HEAR", answer:"did not hear", alts:[] }, { base:"MAKE", answer:"is making", alts:["made"] }, { base:"DECORATE", answer:"was decorated", alts:[] }, { base:"LIKE", answer:"liked", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_910A9B", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"I come from England but now I live permanently in Québec, Canada. When my parents ⟦1⟧ me to Canada, I was fifteen. It was the winter and I ⟦2⟧ by the amount of snow there. I asked my new friends what they usually ⟦3⟧ for entertainment in such a cold climate. Their answer was simple, “In winter ⟦4⟧ and adults go skiing and skating.” Before arriving in Canada, I had never tried skating and my Canadian ice experience was really painful. To start with, it took ⟦5⟧ half an hour to put on the skates. I ⟦6⟧ how to move so my new friends showed me some basic techniques. However, when I was left alone on the ice, I ⟦7⟧ over immediately. When I opened my eyes, my new friends were standing around. They weren’t laughing, they looked worried. “Are you OK?” they asked. “Fine,” I said, “I wish I ⟦8⟧ skate as easily as you do.” “You definitely will,” they smiled. And they were right. By the end of my ⟦9⟧ winter in Canada, I felt confident on the ice. More than that, I found out that skating was a really exciting activity!", gaps:[{ base:"BRING", answer:"brought", alts:[] }, { base:"IMPRESS", answer:"was impressed", alts:[] }, { base:"DO", answer:"did", alts:[] }, { base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/KNOW", answer:"did not know", alts:[] }, { base:"FALL", answer:"fell", alts:[] }, { base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }, { base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_933F56", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Kathy looked at her new room’s white walls. “They’re so plain.” “Don’t worry,” Dad said, “If you don’t like them, we ⟦1⟧ the walls any colour you like.” “Do you want pink?” Mum suggested. Kathy ⟦2⟧ her head. “No, pink is either for ⟦3⟧ or for silly girls who like Barbie dolls. I’m neither of those.” Her parents smiled but ⟦4⟧ anything. “But what colour to choose? I wish we ⟦5⟧ ask a designer for professional advice,” said Kathy. “Oh, no! It’s out of the question!” said Kathy’s mother, firmly. A designer’s advice is much ⟦6⟧ than we can afford.” “Ok. It was just an idea.” “Getting back to the wall colour, why not make your room yellow or orange?” Dad suggested. “When the walls ⟦7⟧ in those colours, the room will look cheerful.” “Yes!” Kathy definitely liked the idea. “We’ll make three walls yellow, but the ⟦8⟧ one will be orange.” The next day, when Kathy came back from school, her dad said: “Look what I ⟦9⟧.” There were paints and brushes on the floor. “Everything’s ready for us to start.” He smiled and handed Kathy the brush.", gaps:[{ base:"MAKE", answer:"will make", alts:[] }, { base:"SHAKE", answer:"shook", alts:[] }, { base:"BABY", answer:"babies", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/SAY", answer:"did not say", alts:[] }, { base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }, { base:"EXPENSIVE", answer:"more expensive", alts:[] }, { base:"PAINT", answer:"are painted", alts:[] }, { base:"FOUR", answer:"fourth", alts:[] }, { base:"BUY", answer:"have bought", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_95C331", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"It was a great day yesterday. My friends and I ⟦1⟧ to see a performance at the Bolshoi Theatre. You certainly know that the Bolshoi Theatre is the ⟦2⟧ theatre in Russia and probably in the world. But not everyone ⟦3⟧ the history of the Bolshoi Theatre. According to historical documents, it ⟦4⟧ in March 1776 when Prince Pyotr Urusov was granted Royal permission to build a public theatre in Moscow. Catherine II, Empress of Russia, was fond of arts. She ⟦5⟧ having a new theatre in her country. The original building of the theatre had a hall with almost 1,000 seats, a stage and an orchestra pit. Directly over the stage there ⟦6⟧ boxes where the most noble fans of the theatre had their seats. The theatre has changed several times during ⟦7⟧ history. The building we can see today opened in 1825. It ⟦8⟧ by architect Andrei Mikhailov who was also the architect of the Maly Theatre. Since that time, the building has been rebuilt and renovated several times. Now it looks beautiful from the inside and outside. If I ⟦9⟧ the opportunity to go there more often, I would do it every week.", gaps:[{ base:"GO", answer:"went", alts:[] }, { base:"FAMOUS", answer:"most famous", alts:[] }, { base:"KNOW", answer:"knows", alts:[] }, { base:"BEGIN", answer:"began", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/MIND", answer:"did not mind", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"IT", answer:"its", alts:[] }, { base:"DESIGN", answer:"was designed", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"had", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_95C7C4", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Tim woke up later than usual. It was Sunday and he ⟦1⟧ lots of plans for the day. He was in the bathroom cleaning his ⟦2⟧ when he heard some unfamiliar voices from the veranda. “Who could they be?” Tim ⟦3⟧ . When he came into the room, his mum and two other women ⟦4⟧ happily and didn’t notice him. Tim coughed to attract ⟦5⟧ attention. “Oh, Tim, you’re up already!” his mother sounded excited. “Meet my school friends, Linda and Emma.” Linda shook his hand, Emma smiled and said: “We ⟦6⟧ happy to meet you, Tim.” Your mum showed us your photo, but you are much ⟦7⟧ there. Join us for tea. I wish we ⟦8⟧ talk about our school days for ages, but we have some other business to discuss with your mother. It’s going to be interesting for you, too.” Tim sat at the table. Emma had some papers in her hands but Tim couldn’t read what ⟦9⟧ there – the letters were too small.", gaps:[{ base:"HAVE", answer:"had", alts:[] }, { base:"TOOTH", answer:"teeth", alts:[] }, { base:"THINK", answer:"thought", alts:[] }, { base:"CHAT", answer:"were chatting", alts:[] }, { base:"THEY", answer:"their", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"are", alts:[] }, { base:"YOUNG", answer:"younger", alts:[] }, { base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }, { base:"PRINT", answer:"was printed", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_97E58C", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"When I was at school, I spent summers at my grandfather’s. They were the ⟦1⟧ holidays I’ve ever had. Grandpa lived alone in a country cottage near a small river. Grandpa’s hobby was making birdhouses. He always said that he ⟦2⟧ a hobby to fill his free time. Grandpa’s workshop was full of all kinds of tools. There ⟦3⟧ a big table, hammers, nails, paints, and what not. And all the tools ⟦4⟧ carefully in their places. That was Grandpa’s number one rule. The ⟦5⟧ rule was, “Never buy a new tool if the old one still works.” In the workshop, when he ⟦6⟧ the birdhouses, I asked him lots of questions about birds. He ⟦7⟧ a lot about them! He could tell one bird from another by their songs and footprints. I was surprised that Grandpa ⟦8⟧ the birdhouses in bright colours. He explained to ⟦9⟧ that birds prefer natural colours that make their houses more difficult to notice and, for that reason, safer.", gaps:[{ base:"GOOD", answer:"best", alts:[] }, { base:"NEED", answer:"needed", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"KEEP", answer:"were kept", alts:[] }, { base:"TWO", answer:"second", alts:[] }, { base:"MAKE", answer:"was making", alts:[] }, { base:"KNOW", answer:"knew", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/PAINT", answer:"did not paint", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_98F2E4", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Kate called me early in the morning. It was the ⟦1⟧ day of holidays; I felt angry with her for waking me up. “What ⟦2⟧?” I didn’t sound very polite, but she paid no attention to that. “Oh, nothing! I want to go shopping today and wondered if you wanted to go with ⟦3⟧ .” “No, I don’t want to.” “But it ⟦4⟧ you long! I promise”. My first impulse was to say “no” – unlike most ⟦5⟧ I hated shopping. But Kate sounded so unhappy that I felt sorry for her. “Ok, what do you need to buy?” Kate’s voice ⟦6⟧ cheerful again. She excitedly explained to me that she ⟦7⟧ to buy a pair of hiking boots and a raincoat. That ⟦8⟧ strange as Kate had never been fond of hiking. “I want to take up hiking as a new hobby,” went on Kate. “Bob Smith says that it’s very exciting.” Now I knew what was going on. Bob Smith, the captain of the school baseball team, was the ⟦9⟧ boy in our school. All the girls wanted to attract his attention.", gaps:[{ base:"TWO", answer:"second", alts:[] }, { base:"HAPPEN", answer:"happened", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/TAKE", answer:"will not take", alts:[] }, { base:"WOMAN", answer:"women", alts:[] }, { base:"BECOME", answer:"became", alts:[] }, { base:"WANT", answer:"wanted", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"POPULAR", answer:"most popular", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_9D6378", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"It started as a normal Monday morning. My alarm clock woke ⟦1⟧ up early in the morning. I had breakfast, brushed my teeth and ⟦2⟧ outside to catch the bus. At school I noticed that something was different. I came up to my friend Laura and asked her: “What’s going on? Why ⟦3⟧ everyone so excited?” “Don’t you know?” she said. “All the teachers ⟦4⟧ for a conference. Only the headteacher and a few of the school staff are here. The senior students will be teaching us today. They are only two or three years ⟦5⟧ than us. How can they possibly teach us?” However, she was wrong. Our substitute teacher, a student two grades above, was very serious. He said that he ⟦6⟧ some French poetry to us. It was an unusual, but interesting French class. The poem ⟦7⟧ on the board, our new teacher read it and then we discussed the poet’s message, choice of words and other poetical things. Probably because the teacher was almost the same age as us, we felt relaxed and spoke freely. He also told us several amusing ⟦8⟧ about the poet and his time. When the class was almost over, our substitute teacher invited us to attend the next session of the school literary society. “I’m the Chairman of the society,” he added, “If you come, we ⟦9⟧ a special welcome party for new members.”", gaps:[{ base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }, { base:"RUN", answer:"ran", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"LEAVE", answer:"have left", alts:["had left"] }, { base:"OLD", answer:"older", alts:[] }, { base:"EXPLAIN", answer:"would explain", alts:[] }, { base:"WRITE", answer:"was written", alts:[] }, { base:"STORY", answer:"stories", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"will have", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_A9F62E", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Emma lived in a big city and worked for a large company. Her days were usually very busy – she ⟦1⟧ hardly find half an hour for lunch. However, at weekends she ⟦2⟧ bored and lonely. Emma had moved to the city because of her job. Only two months before she had thought she was the ⟦3⟧ girl in the world. She had got a job most of her friends could only dream about. It was her ⟦4⟧ full-time job. The company ⟦5⟧ ‘Imagination’. They focused on Internet technologies. Emma ⟦6⟧ much about the Internet but her boss said that it didn’t matter. He also said that she ⟦7⟧ creative and had imagination and that was why she had a good chance of succeeding in the job. When Emma told her friend, Lucy Pitt, about the new job, Lucy said: “I’m very happy that you ⟦8⟧ a good job. But I also feel very sad about it because you’ll go to the city and will forget about your friends.” “I wish we could always be together but it’s impossible,” Emma said. “I promise that I ⟦9⟧ to visit you as soon as I can.”", gaps:[{ base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }, { base:"FEEL", answer:"felt", alts:[] }, { base:"LUCKY", answer:"luckiest", alts:[] }, { base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[] }, { base:"CALL", answer:"was called", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/KNOW", answer:"did not know", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"FIND", answer:"have found", alts:[] }, { base:"COME", answer:"will come", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_AA4EB4", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Susan’s father often had to go to different countries on business. That evening, he came home ⟦1⟧ than usual. He looked tired. Susan ⟦2⟧ that the next week her father was going to China to discuss a new project. At dinner, her father asked Susan if she ⟦3⟧ to go with him. It was a bit unexpected but Susan liked the idea at once. It was her ⟦4⟧ birthday in a few days. And Susan thought it ⟦5⟧ fun to celebrate it abroad. However, there was one thing she wanted to clear up before the trip: “Are you going to be busy from morning till night? I ⟦6⟧ to sit in the hotel all the time alone.” “You won’t have to,” her father reassured Susan. “I ⟦7⟧ all the project papers already. So, while our partners are studying them, we’ll have plenty of time for sightseeing.” “Great!” Susan ran up to her room to pack. “Remember to take some comfortable shoes. Otherwise, your ⟦8⟧ will hurt after the long excursions.” Her father’s advice was always practical. In half an hour everything ⟦9⟧ in a suitcase and Susan called her best friend to tell her the news.", gaps:[{ base:"LATE", answer:"later", alts:[] }, { base:"KNOW", answer:"knew", alts:[] }, { base:"WANT", answer:"wanted", alts:[] }, { base:"SIXTEEN", answer:"sixteenth", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"would be", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/WANT", answer:"do not want", alts:[] }, { base:"PREPARE", answer:"have prepared", alts:[] }, { base:"FOOT", answer:"feet", alts:[] }, { base:"PACK", answer:"was packed", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_ACF5D2", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"English, Welsh, Scottish…all these languages sound familiar. But I'm sure you ⟦1⟧ of Cornish. I wish I ⟦2⟧ it, like my Granny does. Cornish is a Celtic language, used in Cornwall, a county in south-eastern England. ⟦3⟧ ago, when the Anglo-Saxons invaded Britain, many Celts moved to the mountain areas. Some Celts even ⟦4⟧ the country completely and settled in France. Speakers of Cornish stayed in the south-west. There the language ⟦5⟧ until the late 1700s. But the number of speakers got smaller and the language almost disappeared. At the beginning of the ⟦6⟧ century, academics became interested in Cornish and started to study the ancient texts. From those old documents they managed to restore the language! Nowadays, if you visit Cornwall, you will hear a lot of it. The language ⟦7⟧ as an option in many universities, and students themselves choose to learn it. Like I did. I think it’s the ⟦8⟧ language I have ever learnt, but it’s interesting and it sounds very nice. I believe the Cornish language ⟦9⟧ .", gaps:[{ base:"NOT/HEAR", answer:"have not heard", alts:[] }, { base:"KNOW", answer:"knew", alts:[] }, { base:"CENTURY", answer:"Centuries", alts:[] }, { base:"LEAVE", answer:"left", alts:[] }, { base:"SPEAK", answer:"was spoken", alts:[] }, { base:"TWENTY", answer:"twentieth", alts:[] }, { base:"OFFER", answer:"is offered", alts:[] }, { base:"DIFFICULT", answer:"most difficult", alts:[] }, { base:"SURVIVE", answer:"will survive", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_B4B50E", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Mike Fay is a famous biologist. He is well-known for his 2,000-mile walk across Africa. It ⟦1⟧ him 455 days. His expedition started in 2001. It ⟦2⟧ to draw attention to the African forests. During his expedition Mike Fay made several films about the beauty of the forests. He said they were the ⟦3⟧ natural sights he had ever seen. His films ⟦4⟧ a success. Thanks to them the governments of several African countries agreed to create 13 national parks. Mike commented that 26,000 square kilometres of the forest were saved for the future and for our ⟦5⟧ . At the moment Mike works for the National Geographic. Recently he ⟦6⟧ several projects for the magazine. His job involves lots of travelling, which is sometimes not very safe. Not long ago, Mike came face to face with an elephant which attacked ⟦7⟧ . Mike was injured but luckily not seriously. But danger could never stop Mike. “I wish everyone ⟦8⟧ that life is a very delicate thing. If we go on in the same irresponsible way, we ⟦9⟧ all life on the planet, and ourselves too”.", gaps:[{ base:"TAKE", answer:"took", alts:[] }, { base:"ORGANIZE", answer:"was organized", alts:[] }, { base:"WONDERFUL", answer:"most wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[] }, { base:"COMPLETE", answer:"has completed", alts:[] }, { base:"HE", answer:"him", alts:[] }, { base:"UNDERSTAND", answer:"understood", alts:[] }, { base:"KILL", answer:"will kill", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_B9012A", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"I play the violin in the college orchestra. Last month we ⟦1⟧ part in a music festival in France. I worried a lot before we left for France as I had never been away from home for so long. Mum tried to encourage ⟦2⟧ . She said that we ⟦3⟧ well. And she was right. We performed very successfully. It was a great journey though there ⟦4⟧ some things I missed very much while being in France. One of them was my favourite mug. Without it, neither tea nor soup tasted like at home. Another thing was the warmth. The floor in my room at home ⟦5⟧ with a thick carpet. In our place in France the floor was icy cold with no carpet at all. My ⟦6⟧ were always cold. “If it goes on like this, I ⟦7⟧ a cold,” I told my roommate, Cathy. “I wish I ⟦8⟧ a pair of woolen socks. But I left them at home.” “You can take mine if you want,” said Cathy. I thanked her but her socks were two sizes ⟦9⟧ than I needed!", gaps:[{ base:"TAKE", answer:"took", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }, { base:"PERFORM", answer:"would perform", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"COVER", answer:"was covered", alts:[] }, { base:"FOOT", answer:"feet", alts:[] }, { base:"CATCH", answer:"will catch", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"had", alts:[] }, { base:"SMALL", answer:"smaller", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_BA7D74", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Bella was a good student. She ⟦1⟧ learning but she always started to feel very nervous when she had to write tests. That Monday ⟦2⟧ a lucky day for her and she realised it as soon as she came into the classroom. “Oh, no! I ⟦3⟧ all my pens at home.” She turned to Jenny: “Have you got a spare pen?” “Let ⟦4⟧ see,” Jenny opened her bag and pulled out a pen. “I’ve got this one. But it’s green.” “Give it to me anyway,” Bella said. “If I don’t find a proper pen, I ⟦5⟧ in green ink. I hope it won’t affect my grades.” When the teacher handed out the tests, Bella felt even ⟦6⟧ than she had felt before. The test was really long – the tasks ⟦7⟧ on both sides of the page! Bella did the first task quickly, but the ⟦8⟧ one was a real problem. Bella got panicky. Time ticked on but she ⟦9⟧ concentrate on the tasks.", gaps:[{ base:"ENJOY", answer:"enjoyed", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/BE", answer:"was not", alts:[] }, { base:"LEAVE", answer:"have left", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }, { base:"WRITE", answer:"will write", alts:[] }, { base:"BAD", answer:"worse", alts:[] }, { base:"PRINT", answer:"were printed", alts:[] }, { base:"TWO", answer:"second", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/CAN", answer:"could not", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_BAC663", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"When you look at this lovely house in the Welsh countryside, you may think it's a picture from J.R.R. Tolkien's book ‘The Hobbit’. In fact, it's a real house designed by a real person. When ⟦1⟧ first son was born, Simon Dale’s wife, Jasmine, said: “I wish we ⟦2⟧ in the country. It would be so good for the baby”. However, they ⟦3⟧ enough money to buy or rent a house in the country so they decided to take matters into their own hands. The house ⟦4⟧ by Simon himself, with a bit of help from his friends. The result is impressive. The home is made of natural materials, such as wood, stone and mud. It uses solar panels for energy and its water ⟦5⟧ from a nearby spring. It took Simon four months to complete his fairytale home. He managed to create a modern wooden eco-home – one of the ⟦6⟧ houses you can imagine. Simon Dale said, “I ⟦7⟧ working on a new house of the same eco-style. My ⟦8⟧ house will be smarter than the first one. My son ⟦9⟧ five now and I hope to celebrate his tenth birthday in a new house.”", gaps:[{ base:"THEY", answer:"their", alts:[] }, { base:"LIVE", answer:"lived", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/HAVE", answer:"did not have", alts:[] }, { base:"BUILD", answer:"was built", alts:[] }, { base:"COME", answer:"comes", alts:[] }, { base:"WONDERFUL", answer:"most wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"START", answer:"am starting", alts:["have started"] }, { base:"TWO", answer:"second", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"is", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_C465FA", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Dad usually comes up with original ideas. Last Sunday Dad ⟦1⟧ that we should all go on a camping trip. The idea came to him while he ⟦2⟧ an article about camping. The article said that camping brings families together. “Not true”, I smiled. “What about television? It usually ⟦3⟧ families to feel a lot more united.” “If the weather is fine, we ⟦4⟧ on a trip next weekend,” Dad said and put his magazine on the coffee table. I quickly looked over at my ⟦5⟧ brother, Paul. He gave me a knowing smile, “Do you remember ⟦6⟧ last trip?” I certainly did. Last summer Dad told us that fishing would be a great family activity. We ⟦7⟧ four expensive fishing rods and drove for three long hours to a big lake in Virginia. When we got there, we discovered that we had forgotten to take the fishing rods. Ten minutes later we made another unpleasant discovery: we ⟦8⟧ the tent which meant we couldn’t stay overnight and we had to drive all the way back home again. We ⟦9⟧ tired and disappointed with the trip.", gaps:[{ base:"DECIDE", answer:"decided", alts:[] }, { base:"READ", answer:"was reading", alts:[] }, { base:"HELP", answer:"helps", alts:[] }, { base:"GO", answer:"will go", alts:[] }, { base:"YOUNG", answer:"younger", alts:[] }, { base:"WE", answer:"our", alts:[] }, { base:"BUY", answer:"bought", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/HAVE", answer:"did not have", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_CCA0B9", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Dana Miller was a bus driver in the city of Philadelphia. Her working hours ⟦1⟧ from 10.00 pm till 6.00 am. It was a hard job and very few ⟦2⟧ worked as bus drivers in those days but Dana loved her job very much. One of her regular passengers was a guitar player. Every Friday night he got on the bus carrying his guitar. The guitar ⟦3⟧ of wood, not plastic, and Dana liked the way it sounded. “You should come to see our show,” the guitarist kept saying to Dana. “I ⟦4⟧ it one day,” Dana promised each time, but she never said when exactly she ⟦5⟧ . Another passenger who often used Dana’s bus was a Biscuit Lady. She worked at the biscuit factory and often ⟦6⟧ Dana a small bag of biscuits. Dana ⟦7⟧ sweets and pastries very much, but she could never resist those biscuits – they were so fresh and tasty. “How was ⟦8⟧ night?” Dana’s husband liked to ask her when she came home. “Good music, good food and a great view of the city,” she cheerfully answered. “I wish I ⟦9⟧ my work as much as you enjoy yours,” her husband said, “but I’m going to have just another boring day at the office.”", gaps:[{ base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"WOMAN", answer:"women", alts:[] }, { base:"MAKE", answer:"was made", alts:[] }, { base:"SEE", answer:"will see", alts:[] }, { base:"COME", answer:"would come", alts:[] }, { base:"GIVE", answer:"gave", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/LIKE", answer:"did not like", alts:[] }, { base:"YOU", answer:"your", alts:[] }, { base:"ENJOY", answer:"enjoyed", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_CEE2E7", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"This story happened long ago. My son was six and we lived in an old house near a large park. There ⟦1⟧ lots of people in the park at weekends and we enjoyed walking and playing there too. One day, my son ⟦2⟧ an injured bird from the park. It was a crow. Its wing ⟦3⟧ and the bird could not fly. I didn’t know what to do with the crow, but my son said that he ⟦4⟧ care of it. “If you were a couple of years ⟦5⟧ , you could manage it. But I doubt you can do it now,” I tried to talk him out of keeping the crow but finally agreed to take the bird home. The next day we took the crow to the vet. The vet fixed and bandaged the wing and explained to ⟦6⟧ what medicines we should give to the bird. “Ok,” he said, as we left, “I ⟦7⟧ everything I can. There’s no need to bring this crow here any more. The bird is young and strong, and I think it ⟦8⟧ soon. This is the good news. The bad news is that it will never be able to fly again.” “We’ll see,” my son ⟦9⟧ to agree with this fact too easily.", gaps:[{ base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"BRING", answer:"brought", alts:[] }, { base:"BREAK", answer:"was broken", alts:[] }, { base:"TAKE", answer:"would take", alts:[] }, { base:"OLD", answer:"older", alts:[] }, { base:"WE", answer:"us", alts:[] }, { base:"DO", answer:"have done", alts:[] }, { base:"RECOVER", answer:"will recover", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/WANT", answer:"did not want", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_E0C883", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"I remember my uncle Thomas very well. My mum says I can’t because I was a little girl, only three at the time. But my memories of him are still very vivid. Uncle Thomas was a sailor. When he returned from his last trip, he brought several large ⟦1⟧ with him. Inside there ⟦2⟧ bits of wood, metal, and painted cloth. “What is it for?” I asked my uncle. He ⟦3⟧ me a broad smile and said: “Have your breakfast first and then come to the backyard. You ⟦4⟧ everything with your own eyes.” When I came to the backyard, Uncle Thomas ⟦5⟧ an instruction manual. It took all his attention because the manual ⟦6⟧ in Spanish, a language my uncle didn’t know very well. All in all, it took ⟦7⟧ a couple of weeks to assemble the object from the parts. To all my questions he said that it was a machine that ⟦8⟧ fly like a bird. I was probably the only one in the family who took his words seriously. They could never believe that soon we were going to see one of the ⟦9⟧ airplane flights in the country.", gaps:[{ base:"BOX", answer:"boxes", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"GIVE", answer:"gave", alts:[] }, { base:"SEE", answer:"will see", alts:[] }, { base:"READ", answer:"was reading", alts:[] }, { base:"WRITE", answer:"was written", alts:[] }, { base:"HE", answer:"him", alts:[] }, { base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }, { base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_E620D8", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Tracey was very unhappy and scared. She was starting a new school. “I ⟦1⟧ to go to school today,” Tracey told her father. “I understand, Tracey,” he said. “Starting a new school can be very difficult. But you have to.” A month before ⟦2⟧ family had moved to a new town and everything was still new and strange for Tracey. Dad smoothed Tracey’s hair down and ⟦3⟧ her a little hug. “When your classes ⟦4⟧ over, I’ll pick you up, ok?” When Tracey got to school and looked at the big building, she thought, “I wish I ⟦5⟧ run away,” but she knew it was impossible. She took a deep breath and walked up the steps to school. She went straight into her ⟦6⟧ grade classroom. “That must be Tracey,” “Hello, Tracey!”, “Welcome, Tracey!” the ⟦7⟧ in the room welcomed her. Everyone seemed friendly and Tracey felt a little ⟦8⟧ . The father picked her up after school. “How was your day?” he asked. To his surprise Tracey answered that she ⟦9⟧ her new school. “You are a brave girl,” her father said. “I’m proud of you.”", gaps:[{ base:"NOT/WANT", answer:"do not want", alts:[] }, { base:"THEY", answer:"their", alts:[] }, { base:"GIVE", answer:"gave", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"are", alts:[] }, { base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }, { base:"FIVE", answer:"fifth", alts:[] }, { base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[] }, { base:"GOOD", answer:"better", alts:[] }, { base:"LIKE", answer:"liked", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_E71EAE", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Cindy liked parks. She took long walks in the nearby park almost every day. Her classmates, however, ⟦1⟧ her interest and Cindy usually walked alone. Cindy’s parents worried that she ⟦2⟧ no friends. “I wish you ⟦3⟧ more time with your classmates. Don’t you feel bored in the park?” “It’s ok, Mum, I just feel much ⟦4⟧ alone than with people who can’t understand me,” Cindy usually answered. “Parks are a lot more fun to spend time in than hanging out in a shopping centre.” And her mother didn’t know what to say. One day, Cindy returned from the park very excited. “Guess, who I met in the park!” she said, and she told her parents the whole story. “I ⟦5⟧ along the central avenue when I saw a group of people. They ⟦6⟧ students of the Biology faculty of the university. They told ⟦7⟧ about the plan to rearrange the park. A large lake is going to be made in the centre. There will be wild animals there like hares, squirrels and even ⟦8⟧. Yesterday, the plan ⟦9⟧ by the City Council and work starts tomorrow. I want to join the volunteer team!”", gaps:[{ base:"NOT/SHARE", answer:"did not share", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"had", alts:[] }, { base:"SPEND", answer:"spent", alts:[] }, { base:"GOOD", answer:"better", alts:[] }, { base:"WALK", answer:"was walking", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }, { base:"FOX", answer:"foxes", alts:[] }, { base:"APPROVE", answer:"was approved", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_E736A6", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Judy was afraid of the dark. At night she always ⟦1⟧ the lights on. Judy couldn’t explain what exactly she was afraid of. She ⟦2⟧ in monsters or in ghosts. She was one of those rare girls who never screamed when she saw spiders, ⟦3⟧ and frogs. But everyone in her family knew that a dark room was the ⟦4⟧ of her fears. One day, when Judy ⟦5⟧ something in her room, her mother came in holding a big shopping bag. “Guess what I ⟦6⟧ ,” she said to Judy. “I have no idea. Is it for ⟦7⟧ ?” Judy felt very curious about the bag. Her mother pulled two packages from her shopping bag. In the first package there were some very nice slippers. They ⟦8⟧ from soft, pink fabric and had bright flashing lights. Inside the second package were glow-in-the-dark pyjamas! Judy said she ⟦9⟧ to try them on immediately. Amazingly, she felt safe all through the night. In a few days the lights stopped flashing but Judy realised she didn’t feel afraid of the dark any more.", gaps:[{ base:"LEAVE", answer:"left", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/BELIEVE", answer:"did not believe", alts:[] }, { base:"MOUSE", answer:"mice", alts:[] }, { base:"BAD", answer:"worst", alts:[] }, { base:"DRAW", answer:"was drawing", alts:[] }, { base:"BUY", answer:"had bought", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }, { base:"MAKE", answer:"were made", alts:[] }, { base:"WANT", answer:"wanted", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_E88E6F", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"As a child, Steven lived in a village. Outside the village there was a house where a strange old woman and her granddaughter Eliza lived. The ⟦1⟧ often played together. One day, Eliza ⟦2⟧ unusually sad. When Steven was about to leave, the old woman said, “I know you are friends. But never come to our house again. Never ever!” The girl took the boy to the gate. “Will you miss me?” she asked. The boy said, “Yes, I will!” To his surprise, the girl said, “But I won’t! I ⟦3⟧ to see you anymore!” She closed the gate. The next day the girl ⟦4⟧ for the city. Steven was upset but he hoped that one day he ⟦5⟧ Eliza again. Five years later Steven became a student and moved to the city. He rented a small apartment on the ⟦6⟧ floor. One day, when he ⟦7⟧ to the university, he saw Eliza. She was sitting on the bench in the park with an ice-cream in her hand. He ran up to her and said “Hello! It’s nice to see you again!” But Eliza looked up at ⟦8⟧ , stood up and walked away. “I wish I ⟦9⟧ what is going on,” Steven said to himself, and decided to start his own investigation.", gaps:[{ base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/WANT", answer:"do not want", alts:[] }, { base:"LEAVE", answer:"left", alts:[] }, { base:"SEE", answer:"would see", alts:[] }, { base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[] }, { base:"WALK", answer:"was walking", alts:[] }, { base:"HE", answer:"him", alts:[] }, { base:"KNOW", answer:"knew", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_EA0853", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"In 2010, a terrible earthquake hit the Haitian city of Léogâne. It was the ⟦1⟧ of January, my birthday. It was a normal day in the morning. I ⟦2⟧ for my party when the earthquake hit. My first thought was that everybody was going to die. I ⟦3⟧ what was happening. It was the ⟦4⟧ day of my life so far – I have never felt that scared! After the earthquake I asked my wife: \"How are we going to go on living?\" \"I have no idea\", she said. \"But we're lucky. Our house is still standing, and thousands of people lost everything, even their ⟦5⟧ \". She was right. We had to help the others, so we decided to start a charitable fund. At first, we ⟦6⟧ it the name of ‘Hope’ but then changed it. Now our fund ⟦7⟧ 'Seeds for Change'. We work with small farmers and provide people from rural areas with everything necessary for farming. They say it helps them a lot. Their gratitude is the best award for ⟦8⟧ . If we manage to involve more people in our fund, we ⟦9⟧ more impressive results in the future.", gaps:[{ base:"TWELVE", answer:"twelfth", alts:[] }, { base:"PREPARE", answer:"was preparing", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/UNDERSTAND", answer:"did not understand", alts:[] }, { base:"BAD", answer:"worst", alts:[] }, { base:"LIFE", answer:"lives", alts:[] }, { base:"GIVE", answer:"gave", alts:[] }, { base:"CALL", answer:"is called", alts:[] }, { base:"WE", answer:"us", alts:[] }, { base:"GET", answer:"will get", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_EA4D8F", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"July 17th was coming. It would be Mark’s ⟦1⟧ birthday. His Mum asked him what he ⟦2⟧ as a gift. Mark answered at once that his dream was to have a telescope to watch the stars. Mum ⟦3⟧ her head doubtfully. She knew that Mark enjoyed learning about space but a telescope was a ⟦4⟧ present than they had planned. After dinner the parents had a discussion about the present. “I think we should give Mark the telescope,” Dad said. “But we ⟦5⟧ all our savings already,” Mum responded. “We bought some new furniture and paid for our holidays. I wish we ⟦6⟧ buy him this present but we really can’t.” “I think, we can,” Dad smiled. “Look, I’ve got an old friend, Nick, whose father was interested in astronomy. His father died many years ago, and Nick keeps all his things in the attic. I think he ⟦7⟧ to sell us his telescope at half price.” Nick ⟦8⟧ roses in the garden when Mum and Dad arrived at his house. “Yes, sure,” he said. “There are lots of ⟦9⟧ in the attic. You can take whatever you want for Mark for free. I’m glad he’s taking up my father’s hobby.”", gaps:[{ base:"THIRTEEN", answer:"thirteenth", alts:[] }, { base:"WANT", answer:"wanted", alts:[] }, { base:"SHAKE", answer:"shook", alts:[] }, { base:"EXPENSIVE", answer:"more expensive", alts:[] }, { base:"SPEND", answer:"have spent", alts:[] }, { base:"CAN", answer:"could", alts:[] }, { base:"AGREE", answer:"will agree", alts:[] }, { base:"PLANT", answer:"was planting", alts:[] }, { base:"BOX", answer:"boxes", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_EB2094", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"When I was little, I loved reading books written by Roald Dahl. They were my favourite choice of bedtime story. When Mum asked me what book I wanted, I always ⟦1⟧ a book by Dahl. Mum readily agreed. She said she ⟦2⟧ reading him too in spite of the fact that she was an adult and had a very serious job. In those years there ⟦3⟧ lots of Dahl's books in our home library. And to me he is still the best children's author of the ⟦4⟧ century. Roald Dahl started as an adult writer. His first book ⟦5⟧ in 1942. Later he began writing children's books. Many of the ⟦6⟧ are based on Dahl's own childhood memories. Several of his books are now successful films, for example ‘Matilda’, ‘Charlie and the Chocolate Factory’ and ‘Fantastic Mr Fox’. I'm sure you ⟦7⟧ at least one of them! When you shop for children's books, Dahl is the ⟦8⟧ choice. His books are entertaining and full of jokes. Roald Dahl is an author that you can never grow tired of. Now I read his books to ⟦9⟧ son. He is too small yet and cannot read himself.", gaps:[{ base:"CHOOSE", answer:"chose", alts:[] }, { base:"ENJOY", answer:"enjoyed", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"TWENTY", answer:"twentieth", alts:[] }, { base:"PUBLISH", answer:"was published", alts:[] }, { base:"STORY", answer:"stories", alts:[] }, { base:"SEE", answer:"have seen", alts:[] }, { base:"EASY", answer:"easiest", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"my", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_F07284", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Dylan had a very old car. It was 20 years old. But the faded paint made it look even ⟦1⟧ than that. It ⟦2⟧ a shame to drive a car that looked like that and Dylan took it to a paint shop. There the car ⟦3⟧ dark blue for $200. Dylan was very pleased with the new look. The only problem was that the car stereo ⟦4⟧ properly. Dylan managed to fix it himself. Then one day Dylan had a new problem – petrol. He could smell it while he ⟦5⟧ his car. Dylan asked himself “Am I driving a bomb? Could the car explode at any minute?” He knew the car manual by heart. He had car problems at least once a month, and he always found a way to fix ⟦6⟧ himself. However, this time, it was a job for a mechanic. So, he ⟦7⟧ his car to the closest service station. The mechanic said they ⟦8⟧ the car to find out what the problem was. He told Dylan to come back in an hour. When Dylan came back, the mechanic said, \"The problem is with the fuel pump. You need a new one. It costs $400.\" \"Let me think about it. I ⟦9⟧ you a call when I decide what to do.\" But Dylan had already decided what to do.", gaps:[{ base:"OLD", answer:"older", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"PAINT", answer:"was painted", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/WORK", answer:"did not work", alts:[] }, { base:"DRIVE", answer:"was driving", alts:[] }, { base:"THEY", answer:"them", alts:[] }, { base:"TAKE", answer:"took", alts:[] }, { base:"TEST", answer:"would test", alts:["had to test"] }, { base:"GIVE", answer:"will give", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_F7CEC5", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Kitty lived next door to me and we’d been friends since childhood. We studied at the same school and ⟦1⟧ there together. I was sixteen and she was four years ⟦2⟧ than me. But we had a lot in common and enjoyed chatting on ⟦3⟧ way to school. Every morning Kitty knocked on my door and I had to be ready by that time – she ⟦4⟧ waiting for me. One day she didn’t knock. When I caught up with her at the bus stop, she ⟦5⟧ a magazine and didn’t even look at me. I ⟦6⟧ understand what was going on. “Hey, Kitty, what’s wrong? Why aren’t you talking to ⟦7⟧ ?” “You yourself know why,” Kitty said angrily. “No, I don’t. I wouldn’t ask you if I ⟦8⟧ .” “You went to the cinema with Lisa Parker yesterday,” Kitty was almost crying. I felt puzzled and didn’t know what to say. The two ⟦9⟧ at the bus stop looked amused at our conversation and didn’t hide their smiles.", gaps:[{ base:"WALK", answer:"walked", alts:[] }, { base:"YOUNG", answer:"younger", alts:[] }, { base:"WE", answer:"our", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/LIKE", answer:"did not like", alts:[] }, { base:"READ", answer:"was reading", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/CAN", answer:"could not", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }, { base:"KNOW", answer:"knew", alts:[] }, { base:"WOMAN", answer:"women", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_FC0614", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"It was about 6pm when I heard a knock on the door. It ⟦1⟧ Jason, my teenage neighbour. He looked cold and upset. “What’s wrong, Jason?” “I ⟦2⟧ my key and I can’t get into my house.” “Come in. Today’s not a day for long walks, or long waits,” I looked out the window. It ⟦3⟧ hard and it was windy. The weather was getting ⟦4⟧ every hour. Jason ⟦5⟧ off his coat and boots. His ⟦6⟧ were wet and I gave him a pair of socks to change into. A cup of hot tea and some biscuits soon made the boy feel warm. “Where are your parents, Jason?” “I ⟦7⟧ . I can’t call them because of this,” he pulled his phone out of his pocket and showed it to me – the screen ⟦8⟧ and the phone was obviously dead. Jason focused on the food again. He took his ⟦9⟧ biscuit and said: “I wish my mum could make biscuits like this.”", gaps:[{ base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }, { base:"LOSE", answer:"have lost", alts:[] }, { base:"SNOW", answer:"was snowing", alts:[] }, { base:"BAD", answer:"worse", alts:[] }, { base:"TAKE", answer:"took", alts:[] }, { base:"FOOT", answer:"feet", alts:[] }, { base:"NOT/KNOW", answer:"do not know", alts:[] }, { base:"BREAK", answer:"was broken", alts:[] }, { base:"FOUR", answer:"fourth", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_FCD061", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"By today’s standards, my mobile phone is pretty basic. It’s a Nokia. It’s a small device that receives telephone calls and sends text messages. Other than that, my phone ⟦1⟧ much. Most of my friends wish they ⟦2⟧ smartphones because they are cool and trendy. They say the ⟦3⟧ thing about a smartphone is that you ‘can do everything with it!’ That’s right, smartphones have many more functions than a simple phone, however, not all of them are needed. In everyday life, smartphones ⟦4⟧ mainly for checking social networking sites, replying to emails, and playing games. Grown-ups as well as ⟦5⟧ like playing games. Anyway, I prefer my good old Nokia. It’s my ⟦6⟧ mobile phone. When I bought it, it didn’t cost ⟦7⟧ very much. And I am not afraid anyone will ever steal it. It’s also very reliable. Yesterday I dropped it. It ⟦8⟧ down the staircase and hit the wall. I thought that ⟦9⟧ the end of it. But nothing of the kind – it still works properly!", gaps:[{ base:"NOT/DO", answer:"does not do", alts:[] }, { base:"HAVE", answer:"had", alts:[] }, { base:"GOOD", answer:"best", alts:[] }, { base:"USE", answer:"are used", alts:[] }, { base:"CHILD", answer:"children", alts:[] }, { base:"ONE", answer:"first", alts:[] }, { base:"I", answer:"me", alts:[] }, { base:"FLY", answer:"flew", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"was", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_g_FDCF99", type:"grammar", category:"oge_gr", text:"Paul was going to be late for his morning class again. He ⟦1⟧ why it happened to him so often. This was going to be the ⟦2⟧ time in one week and that was too much even for Mrs Pitt. She was the ⟦3⟧ teacher in the world but Paul wasn’t sure that she would forgive him again. “If I don’t invent a very good excuse, she ⟦4⟧ my parents.” Paul thought. His parents ⟦5⟧ very strict people but they didn’t approve of Paul’s habit of playing computer games till late at night. As a result, he couldn’t make himself get up in the morning and ⟦6⟧ regularly late for school. Paul quietly opened the door and ⟦7⟧ into the classroom. His classmates ⟦8⟧ something in their notepads and didn’t pay any attention to him. Mrs Pitt looked at him and said in a flat voice: “You are late again, Paul. What ⟦9⟧?” Paul was not ready with an answer.", gaps:[{ base:"NOT/UNDERSTAND", answer:"did not understand", alts:[] }, { base:"THREE", answer:"third", alts:[] }, { base:"KIND", answer:"kindest", alts:[] }, { base:"CALL", answer:"will call", alts:[] }, { base:"BE", answer:"were", alts:[] }, { base:"GO", answer:"went", alts:[] }, { base:"COME", answer:"came", alts:[] }, { base:"WRITE", answer:"were writing", alts:[] }, { base:"HAPPEN", answer:"happened", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_049D9C", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Ecotourism is getting more and more popular. It offers two things at once: ⟦1⟧ and entertainment. Most people agree that ecotourism is the most ⟦2⟧ branch of tourism. It makes profit without destroying ⟦3⟧ resources. When tourists choose eco trips, they stay in local houses with local people, not in ⟦4⟧ hotels. They travel on foot, by boat, bicycle or elephant to avoid pollution. However, such trips are not at all cheap. This is ⟦5⟧ the only disadvantage. But you can apply the principles of ecotourism every time you go on a normal holiday. You should remember that you're only a ⟦6⟧ and be as careful as possible.", gaps:[{ base:"EDUCATE", answer:"education", alts:[] }, { base:"HARM", answer:"harmless", alts:[] }, { base:"NATURE", answer:"natural", alts:[] }, { base:"EXPENSE", answer:"expensive", alts:[] }, { base:"PROBABLE", answer:"probably", alts:[] }, { base:"VISIT", answer:"visitor", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_04D997", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Choosing a career is one of the most difficult choices we have to make in our lives. There are lots of interesting and ⟦1⟧ professions, but which of them is the right choice for you? Researchers who work in ⟦2⟧ and sociology asked people across the UK what their dream job would be. And the results were quite ⟦3⟧. According to the survey, people find modest jobs like charity work or gardening the most ⟦4⟧ . Often at the top of their list are jobs such as a nurse or a ⟦5⟧ . The study also shows that people in the UK are very ⟦6⟧ and focus on the dream jobs they have a realistic chance of getting.", gaps:[{ base:"EXCITE", answer:"exciting", alts:[] }, { base:"EDUCATE", answer:"education", alts:[] }, { base:"EXPECTED", answer:"unexpected", alts:[] }, { base:"ATTRACT", answer:"attractive", alts:[] }, { base:"TEACH", answer:"teacher", alts:[] }, { base:"PRACTICE", answer:"practical", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_07CF5B", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"The 5th of November is Guy Fawkes Night. This holiday is also known as Bonfire Night as lighting bonfires is an essential part of the ⟦1⟧ . ⟦2⟧ , it’s one of the favourite holidays for children – they simply can’t miss the firework display. Most parents allow their children to stay outdoors till late at night. It would be ⟦3⟧ to make them stay at home when the sky is lit up with colours. However, children should never be left on their own - bonfires and fireworks are potentially ⟦4⟧ . Emergency reports say the number of people needing medical care increases on this night. Some of them are ⟦5⟧ with fire. In spite of the excitement, the children may also catch a cold on this November night. Warm jumpers, coats and gloves are more ⟦6⟧ than ever.", gaps:[{ base:"CELEBRATE", answer:"celebration", alts:[] }, { base:"NATURAL", answer:"Naturally", alts:[] }, { base:"FAIR", answer:"unfair", alts:[] }, { base:"DANGER", answer:"dangerous", alts:[] }, { base:"CARE", answer:"careless", alts:[] }, { base:"USE", answer:"useful", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_0A6301", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Jenny doesn’t have many friends, but she has lots of books. Jenny likes fantasy stories best. She has a rich ⟦1⟧ which takes her to magical lands. Jenny often feels like she is a part of the story. She enjoys being in someone else's shoes, living in an ⟦2⟧ different world. When reading, Jenny may turn into a princess or become a mountain ⟦3⟧ . She can see ⟦4⟧ creatures and amazing places with her own eyes. Books are ideal friends for Jenny. They are entertaining and helpful. They can give her some ⟦5⟧ advice when she needs it and keep quiet when she doesn’t want to communicate. Books never ⟦6⟧ with her and they never argue.", gaps:[{ base:"IMAGINE", answer:"imagination", alts:[] }, { base:"ABSOLUTE", answer:"absolutely", alts:[] }, { base:"EXPLORE", answer:"explorer", alts:[] }, { base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"PRACTISE", answer:"practical", alts:[] }, { base:"AGREE", answer:"disagree", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_0ED7CD", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"English is recognized as an ⟦1⟧ language all over the world that’s why millions of people want to learn it. There are lots of different methods and the main problem is how to choose the best one. Some people believe that the most ⟦2⟧ way is to study English in Britain or in any other English-speaking country. The advantage of going to Britain seems obvious. Everyone around you speaks English. It’s practically ⟦3⟧ to avoid communication, so you’ll learn English ⟦4⟧ . On the other hand, one can learn English at home. There are lots of possibilities there too: a good ⟦5⟧ , a language school or an on-line course. There are many ways to get a good language ⟦6⟧ now.", gaps:[{ base:"NATIONAL", answer:"international", alts:[] }, { base:"EFFECT", answer:"effective", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }, { base:"QUICK", answer:"quickly", alts:[] }, { base:"TEACH", answer:"teacher", alts:[] }, { base:"EDUCATE", answer:"education", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_131022", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Yoga is a very popular activity and lots of people practise it nowadays. There is an opinion, however, that to be ⟦1⟧ in this activity you should start yoga in early childhood. This is not true! You can start yoga at any time in your life. What you really need is enthusiasm and a good ⟦2⟧ – yogis often call them a guru. Yoga is not a ⟦3⟧ . You can choose any pace that is ⟦4⟧ for you. The aim is not to win but to make your body flexible and strong. It’s definitely ⟦5⟧ to improve your body in a few days. It may take lots of time but it’s worth the time and effort. Yoga is an ⟦6⟧ way to relax your mind. So it’s useful not only for your body.", gaps:[{ base:"SUCCESS", answer:"successful", alts:[] }, { base:"TRAIN", answer:"trainer", alts:[] }, { base:"COMPETE", answer:"competition", alts:[] }, { base:"COMFORT", answer:"comfortable", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }, { base:"EFFECT", answer:"effective", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_187E74", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Ratatouille is an American cartoon. The name of the cartoon comes from a ⟦1⟧ French dish made of vegetables. The main character is a rat Remy, who is interested in cooking and dreams of becoming a ⟦2⟧ chef. Remy is separated from his family at the ⟦3⟧ of the movie. So, he finds himself in Paris, France. There his unusual ⟦4⟧ with a poor boy begins. They both don’t care that most people hate rats and try to get rid of them. Remy wants to help the boy. He tries to teach him how to cook ⟦5⟧ dishes. The story ends ⟦6⟧ and the friends start a new restaurant.", gaps:[{ base:"TRADITION", answer:"traditional", alts:[] }, { base:"SUCCES", answer:"successful", alts:[] }, { base:"BEGIN", answer:"beginning", alts:[] }, { base:"FRIEND", answer:"friendship", alts:[] }, { base:"TASTE", answer:"tasty", alts:[] }, { base:"HAPPY", answer:"happily", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_1A1CBD", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"It all started in 1865. A group of Frenchmen were having dinner in one of the most ⟦1⟧ restaurants near Paris. They talked about the democratic changes in the USA and wanted to support the American people. After a short ⟦2⟧ they agreed on an original idea. The idea was suggested by Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi, a sculptor and ⟦3⟧ . He said they could make a statue of a woman holding the torch of freedom. It was an ambitious project and it was ⟦4⟧ to complete it quickly. It actually took 21 years for this idea to become a reality. The French people raised money to build the statue, and, ⟦5⟧ , in 1886 it was ready. On July 4, 1886 the United States received their ⟦6⟧ gift - the Statue of Liberty!", gaps:[{ base:"FASHION", answer:"fashionable", alts:[] }, { base:"DISCUSS", answer:"discussion", alts:[] }, { base:"DESIGN", answer:"designer", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }, { base:"FINAL", answer:"finally", alts:[] }, { base:"AMAZE", answer:"amazing", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_1B7142", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"The Grand National is a horse race which is held every year in Liverpool. This ⟦1⟧ involves a four-mile race, during which the horses have to go over 30 fences. The most ⟦2⟧ horse in the Grand National was called 'Red Rum'. He was the ⟦3⟧ of the race three times during the 1970s. The race is not only a sporting event but a ⟦4⟧ social event too. Men and women wear beautiful clothes, and the tickets to the race are very ⟦5⟧ . The Grand National is broadcast all over the world and around 500 to 600 million people watch it. However, though there are lots of horse racing fans, many people think it’s ⟦6⟧ and cruel to make the animals race and jump for people’s entertainment.", gaps:[{ base:"COMPETE", answer:"competition", alts:[] }, { base:"FAME", answer:"famous", alts:[] }, { base:"WIN", answer:"winner", alts:[] }, { base:"FASHION", answer:"fashionable", alts:[] }, { base:"EXPENSE", answer:"expensive", alts:[] }, { base:"FAIR", answer:"unfair", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_20C8EA", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"St Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland. St Patrick is ⟦1⟧ for his heroic deeds. People gladly believe in ⟦2⟧ tales about St Patrick and don’t look for any historical evidence to prove them. And the facts often ⟦3⟧ with the tales. For example, an old legend says that St Patrick drove all the snakes out of Ireland. This myth is actually untrue. At the time snakes appeared on the planet, Ireland was ⟦4⟧ covered by water. Now it is an island which means it is surrounded by water. The water makes it ⟦5⟧ for snakes to get to the island. The same ⟦6⟧ is true for New Zealand, Greenland, and many other islands.", gaps:[{ base:"FAME", answer:"famous", alts:[] }, { base:"AMAZE", answer:"amazing", alts:[] }, { base:"AGREE", answer:"disagree", alts:[] }, { base:"COMPLETE", answer:"completely", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }, { base:"SITUATE", answer:"situation", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_286CE3", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"I’m not a child but I still like cartoons and animated films. ⟦1⟧ , I enrolled in an animation course in our university. The ⟦2⟧ of the course explained to us how animated films are made. Basically, animation is just a series of pictures with a character. Each picture is a little different. When you show the pictures ⟦3⟧ fast, it looks like they are moving. Some people say animation is not a serious thing. I strongly ⟦4⟧ . Animated films may be ⟦5⟧ but clever and useful to learn new skills. I believe they can be used in many spheres, and most importantly of all in ⟦6⟧ .", gaps:[{ base:"RECENT", answer:"Recently", alts:[] }, { base:"TEACH", answer:"teacher", alts:[] }, { base:"REAL", answer:"really", alts:[] }, { base:"AGREE", answer:"disagree", alts:[] }, { base:"FUN", answer:"funny", alts:[] }, { base:"EDUCATE", answer:"education", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_2BE849", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Piranhas are South American fish. There are lots of scary stories about them. Most people think that piranhas are very ⟦1⟧ creatures. However, a ⟦2⟧ from St Andrews University, Anne Magurran, has recently announced that to call piranhas cruel killers is not fair. They ⟦3⟧ eat fish, plants and insects. According to Professor Anne Magurran, piranhas attack people and animals only when they want to defend themselves. However, most travellers strongly ⟦4⟧ with this point of view. They recommend keeping away from the water where piranhas live. When the fish attack in groups, it is practically ⟦5⟧ to survive. Whatever your opinion of piranhas, this is a ⟦6⟧ piece of advice one should follow.", gaps:[{ base:"DANGER", answer:"dangerous", alts:[] }, { base:"SCIENCE", answer:"scientist", alts:[] }, { base:"USUAL", answer:"usually", alts:[] }, { base:"AGREE", answer:"disagree", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }, { base:"USE", answer:"useful", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_2CC797", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Russia is a large country with great diversity in flora and fauna. There are several large ⟦1⟧ parks in Russia. A lot of different animals live there. Wolves are probably the best known, and are very well studied animals, so we have enough ⟦2⟧ about their diet and behaviour. The wolf is a good ⟦3⟧ . They usually hunt wild animals like deer and hares, but sometimes they can attack sheep, goats, and cows. The wolf tries to avoid people and only goes into villages when he is ⟦4⟧ hungry. In some ⟦5⟧ tales, the wolf is often represented as a clever animal that helps the main character, Ivan. The wolf is usually direct and ⟦6⟧ and helps Ivan to cope with many difficult problems.", gaps:[{ base:"NATION", answer:"national", alts:[] }, { base:"INFORM", answer:"information", alts:[] }, { base:"HUNT", answer:"hunter", alts:[] }, { base:"REAL", answer:"really", alts:[] }, { base:"RUSSIA", answer:"Russian", alts:[] }, { base:"CREATE", answer:"creative", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_2D0D65", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Have you heard of a Tadeus Bodnar? He is a ⟦1⟧ Hungarian hairdresser. Not long ago he stopped using the ⟦2⟧ scissors and comb. Now his instruments are axes, irons and vacuum cleaners. Now he is very ⟦3⟧ and happy because with his innovative techniques he can express himself better. He cuts hair in his shop in Budapest by chopping it with an axe. Then he styles the hair using a vacuum cleaner, or straightens it with an iron. It’s difficult to believe but the extravagant hairdresser is very popular. Many people find him very ⟦4⟧ . Every day there’s an ⟦5⟧ line of people streaming to his shop. They wish to change their ⟦6⟧ and have a thrilling, new experience.", gaps:[{ base:"FAME", answer:"famous", alts:[] }, { base:"TRADITION", answer:"traditional", alts:[] }, { base:"SUCCES", answer:"successful", alts:[] }, { base:"CREATE", answer:"creative", alts:[] }, { base:"END", answer:"endless", alts:[] }, { base:"APPEAR", answer:"appearance", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_30E393", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"There is a popular opinion that all children are talented. It’s true - children are curious and have a good ⟦1⟧ . It helps them make ⟦2⟧ things from very routine objects like stones, leaves, or strips of fabric. Coloured paper, watercolours and pencils stimulate their ⟦3⟧ minds a lot too! However, sometimes parents may ⟦4⟧ of their children’s artistic activities like drawing on the walls and indoor experiments with fireworks. But ⟦5⟧ is not a good solution! Any art activity develops children’s brains and stimulates their ability in science. Be ⟦6⟧ with your children’s natural talents. Never stop them doing an activity but instead create an appropriate and safe environment for it.", gaps:[{ base:"IMAGINE", answer:"imagination", alts:[] }, { base:"AMAZE", answer:"amazing", alts:[] }, { base:"CREATE", answer:"creative", alts:[] }, { base:"APPROVE", answer:"disapprove", alts:[] }, { base:"PUNISH", answer:"punishment", alts:[] }, { base:"CARE", answer:"careful", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_38E7EE", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"There is a belief that some jobs suit men better than women and some other jobs are more appropriate for women than for men. Nowadays, women more and more often take jobs that ⟦1⟧ were done by men. A lot of women do ⟦2⟧ and difficult jobs, becoming astronauts, pilots, and firefighters. No one is surprised when a girl wants to be a police officer or a train ⟦3⟧ . In sports you can see a similar ⟦4⟧ . Girls play football, ice hockey, go boxing and do other sports that seem to be ⟦5⟧ for women. But the girls say that it is ⟦6⟧ and they cannot see any reason why they should not go into the sport they like.", gaps:[{ base:"TRADITIONAL", answer:"traditionally", alts:[] }, { base:"DANGER", answer:"dangerous", alts:[] }, { base:"DRIVE", answer:"driver", alts:[] }, { base:"SITUATE", answer:"situation", alts:[] }, { base:"USUAL", answer:"unusual", alts:[] }, { base:"EXCITE", answer:"exciting", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_3C5219", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"It's not at all surprising that weather is a favourite topic for many people around the world. It affects where we choose to live, what we wear, our moods, and perhaps even our ⟦1⟧ character. A ⟦2⟧ day can blow away the deepest depression. And a gloomy rainy day can make you feel lonely and ⟦3⟧. ‘I’m feeling a bit under the weather’ is a common complaint in Britain, ⟦4⟧ on Monday mornings. The weather can really be ⟦5⟧ for moods and scientists have proved this fact. There is a ⟦6⟧ between our mood and the weather we are having. But remember that good weather will have good effects on your mood only if you spend more than 30 minutes outdoors a day.", gaps:[{ base:"NATION", answer:"national", alts:[] }, { base:"SUN", answer:"sunny", alts:[] }, { base:"HAPPY", answer:"unhappy", alts:[] }, { base:"ESPECIAL", answer:"especially", alts:[] }, { base:"RESPONSE", answer:"responsible", alts:[] }, { base:"CONNECT", answer:"connection", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_3C6B1D", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Kelly's family loved to watch football together. Sometimes they watched college games, but normally they watched ⟦1⟧ teams play. This evening was special. Two teams were playing in the final match of the ⟦2⟧ . Kelly's favourite team had actually got to the final this year, which ⟦3⟧ happened. \"They're going to win for sure! It will be ⟦4⟧ if they lose!\" Kelly thought. Watching the football game needed the presence of the whole family and lots of tasty food. So, Kelly's mum had made barbecue meatballs. Uncle Jolyon had brought a ⟦5⟧ cheese sauce and chips. Aunt Katie brought some cakes. When the game started, everyone cheered. It seemed to Kelly that every ⟦6⟧ of her team was doing their best to win-win- win! And they did!", gaps:[{ base:"PROFESSION", answer:"professional", alts:[] }, { base:"CHAMPION", answer:"championship", alts:[] }, { base:"RARE", answer:"rarely", alts:[] }, { base:"FAIR", answer:"unfair", alts:[] }, { base:"SPICE", answer:"spicy", alts:[] }, { base:"PLAY", answer:"player", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_3FAAE8", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Sam went to the giant aquarium near his house at least three times a week. He liked the fish and crabs, but the most ⟦1⟧ creatures there were sharks. Sam could watch them for hours. He took photos through the glass and collected ⟦2⟧ about them. It surprised him how fast a massive shark could be. Before the aquarium opened, Sam thought it was ⟦3⟧ for sharks to be so quick and graceful. He knew that sharks were ⟦4⟧ but they seldom attacked people. Many people, however, had hunted them and sharks had become endangered. ⟦5⟧ , now there were laws protecting sharks. In the future, Sam wanted to be a ⟦6⟧ and study sharks in the wild.", gaps:[{ base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"INFORM", answer:"information", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }, { base:"DANGER", answer:"dangerous", alts:[] }, { base:"FORTUNATE", answer:"Fortunately", alts:[] }, { base:"SCIENCE", answer:"scientist", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_4AF9A3", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Dublin is the capital city of the Republic of Ireland. It has an ⟦1⟧ airport. Dublin airport is large with flights from London and ⟦2⟧ capitals. Dublin is a ⟦3⟧ and cosmopolitan city. If you walk along its central streets, you will find a wide range of different shops, bars and restaurants. If you like sightseeing, you can visit the famous Dublin castle, one of the most ⟦4⟧ buildings in the city. Dublin is a green city. It is such a pleasure to walk there on a hot ⟦5⟧ day. In the evening you can listen to ⟦6⟧ Irish music played in the streets and in the pubs.", gaps:[{ base:"NATIONAL", answer:"international", alts:[] }, { base:"EUROPE", answer:"European", alts:[] }, { base:"BEAUTY", answer:"beautiful", alts:[] }, { base:"IMPRESS", answer:"impressive", alts:[] }, { base:"SUN", answer:"sunny", alts:[] }, { base:"TRADITION", answer:"traditional", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_4B9B0D", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"My friend, Mary, is an extraordinary girl. She has always tried new things – new sports and new hobbies. She says life should be ⟦1⟧ and it should change all the time. Now she has a new idea – she wants to be a firefighter. You may say that it is not a job for girls, but Mary will ⟦2⟧ with this. In her opinion, putting out fires is a ⟦3⟧ job but women are able to do it too. She has enrolled in a special training school where they learn skills and study firefighting ⟦4⟧ . The teenagers also learn how to work as a team, which is a very ⟦5⟧ skill wherever you work. And Mary is sure her team will be effective in any ⟦6⟧ .", gaps:[{ base:"INTEREST", answer:"interesting", alts:[] }, { base:"AGREE", answer:"disagree", alts:[] }, { base:"DANGER", answer:"dangerous", alts:[] }, { base:"EQUIP", answer:"equipment", alts:[] }, { base:"USE", answer:"useful", alts:[] }, { base:"SITUATE", answer:"situation", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_4F7C5B", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Ireland is the country of myths and legends. Even the local people are not sure which of them were based on facts and which are the product of someone’s ⟦1⟧ imagination. Leprechauns are ⟦2⟧ the most famous characters from Irish mythology. They are depicted as old bearded men. Their ⟦3⟧ is to guard the treasure of the fairies. Unfortunately, rainbows always point to the ⟦4⟧ of the treasure and Leprechauns must rehide it. And there are plenty of rainbows in Ireland! Leprechauns are always busy. They are always very ⟦5⟧ and try to be invisible to people. But if you manage to catch some ⟦6⟧ Leprechaun, he must either give you his treasure or grant you three wishes.", gaps:[{ base:"CREATE", answer:"creative", alts:[] }, { base:"PROBABLE", answer:"probably", alts:[] }, { base:"RESPONSIBLE", answer:"responsibility", alts:[] }, { base:"LOCATE", answer:"location", alts:[] }, { base:"CARE", answer:"careful", alts:[] }, { base:"LUCKY", answer:"lucky", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_500C53", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Siem Reap is a small town in Cambodia, a country in southeast Asia. It is built around a ⟦1⟧ cathedral. The town is charming with some fine examples of French colonial architecture. A legend says that a French ⟦2⟧ once called the town “a pearl of Cambodia”. Nowadays, this town is quite popular with tourists. They often use it as a starting point for their ⟦3⟧ travellings. The town is really remarkable. There you will find some ⟦4⟧ stone monuments and statues, ancient buildings and picturesque ruins. Note that it’s ⟦5⟧ hot there in the summer. Please ensure that you take ⟦6⟧ walking shoes, light clothing and plenty of water to drink.", gaps:[{ base:"FAME", answer:"famous", alts:[] }, { base:"WRITE", answer:"writer", alts:[] }, { base:"EXCITE", answer:"exciting", alts:[] }, { base:"IMPRESS", answer:"impressive", alts:[] }, { base:"USUAL", answer:"unusually", alts:[] }, { base:"COMFORT", answer:"comfortable", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_5117A5", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"There are pills for everything. If you can't sleep you take a pill. If you're depressed or just ⟦1⟧ , you can also take a pill. These days scientists are developing a new pill that you can use for improving your ⟦2⟧ . It will have the same effect on people’s bodies as doing sports. The scientific experiments on mice have given ⟦3⟧ results. The animals got stronger and healthier without any exercise. However, some doctors think that such pills can be ⟦4⟧ for health, especially in certain situations. The problem is that there will be people who may use the pill unwisely. For example, young girls who want to lose weight and get slim may take several pills at once. It will be very ⟦5⟧ for their health. That’s why our government should think a lot before making the ⟦6⟧ that allows the medicine to be produced.", gaps:[{ base:"HAPPY", answer:"unhappy", alts:[] }, { base:"FIT", answer:"fitness", alts:[] }, { base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"DANGER", answer:"dangerous", alts:[] }, { base:"HARM", answer:"harmful", alts:[] }, { base:"DECIDE", answer:"decision", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_514273", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Dr Michael Werner says that he has eaten nothing for four years. The German ⟦1⟧ explains that he gets all his energy from sunlight. He says he prefers only ⟦2⟧ water and different fruit juices. Dr Werner has written an ⟦3⟧ book about his experiences. In it he mentions that when he started the experiment he even put on weight. He says: \"I can't really give an ⟦4⟧ of what’s happening to me; perhaps I just believe in my theory.\" Dr Werner’s colleagues say that only plants can produce energy from the sun, and they cannot explain how he is able to stay ⟦5⟧ . “This case, ⟦6⟧ , needs a lot more research before we will be able to explain it.” they say.", gaps:[{ base:"SCIENCE", answer:"scientist", alts:[] }, { base:"DRINK", answer:"drinking", alts:[] }, { base:"EXCITE", answer:"exciting", alts:[] }, { base:"EXPLAIN", answer:"explanation", alts:[] }, { base:"HEALTH", answer:"healthy", alts:[] }, { base:"PROBABLE", answer:"probably", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_5189D2", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"The city of St Davids is situated on the south-west coast of Wales. If you're looking for an ⟦1⟧ place to go, this is your destination. It was granted city status by Queen Elizabeth II but in reality St Davids looks like an ⟦2⟧ small village. It is actually the smallest city in Britain with a ⟦3⟧ of just over 1,600. St Davids has a ⟦4⟧ medieval cathedral which dates back to the 12th century. Today it is a ⟦5⟧ place with narrow streets filled with cafes, hotels and art galleries – but only one pub! St Davids is famous for its sandy beaches and clear water. Whitesands Bay is a regular ⟦6⟧ of the prestigious European Blue Flag award.", gaps:[{ base:"USUAL", answer:"unusual", alts:[] }, { base:"ATTRACT", answer:"attractive", alts:[] }, { base:"POPULATE", answer:"population", alts:[] }, { base:"BEAUTY", answer:"beautiful", alts:[] }, { base:"CHARM", answer:"charming", alts:[] }, { base:"WIN", answer:"winner", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_56568D", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"People spend hours talking on their mobile phones. There is an opinion that it may be ⟦1⟧ to their health, but it is difficult to know for sure. Some research shows that mobile phones may cause brain problems. On the other hand, some doctors say mobiles are not ⟦2⟧ at all. No matter what doctors say, it’s just ⟦3⟧ to live without a mobile phone today. It has become a very ⟦4⟧ device and people can’t do without it. It makes our life ⟦5⟧ and saves time. People can get in touch with each other quickly. Mobile phones make ⟦6⟧ easier.", gaps:[{ base:"HARM", answer:"harmful", alts:[] }, { base:"DANGER", answer:"dangerous", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }, { base:"USE", answer:"useful", alts:[] }, { base:"COMFORT", answer:"comfortable", alts:[] }, { base:"COMMUNICATE", answer:"communication", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_5A7FD6", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Many tourists don't like staying in city hotels. They prefer to avoid ⟦1⟧ cities completely. They are attracted instead to dramatic views of mountains and ⟦2⟧ valleys. If you like this sort of tourism, Mountain View Camp is for you. You’ll have an ⟦3⟧ vacation there. The Camp has a view over the ⟦4⟧ Hampson Valley. In the camp, tourists can rent either tents or bungalows. All the guests have free access to different facilities such as kitchens, bathrooms and playgrounds for children. The camp is a successful ⟦5⟧ of both comfort and a green environment. The tourists can also have lunch in one of the many restaurants and try different ⟦6⟧ cuisines.", gaps:[{ base:"NOISE", answer:"noisy", alts:[] }, { base:"PEACE", answer:"peaceful", alts:[] }, { base:"FORGETTABLE", answer:"unforgettable", alts:[] }, { base:"IMPRESS", answer:"impressive", alts:[] }, { base:"COMBINE", answer:"combination", alts:[] }, { base:"NATION", answer:"national", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_74C5E5", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Last spring my best friend Isabelle and I booked a holiday in Venice. We rented a small apartment for a week with a ⟦1⟧ view of the town. At the last moment another friend, Linda, asked if she could come with us. She was a ⟦2⟧ , cheerful girl and we were glad to have her join us. Venice was a ⟦3⟧ place and we enjoyed our trip greatly. Linda was fond of history and she told us lots of ⟦4⟧ facts about the town. We also liked the Italian food very much. The waiter in the nearby pizzeria was a boy from Britain, so we never had any problems with ⟦5⟧ . The only ⟦6⟧ thing about Venice was the weather. It was unusually cold and windy that week.", gaps:[{ base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"FRIEND", answer:"friendly", alts:[] }, { base:"BEAUTY", answer:"beautiful", alts:[] }, { base:"INTEREST", answer:"interesting", alts:[] }, { base:"COMMUNICATE", answer:"communication", alts:[] }, { base:"PLEASANT", answer:"unpleasant", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_833091", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"How do people learn the news? About a century ago people got ⟦1⟧ from newspapers since they were the only mass media that existed in those times. Radio and television seemed ⟦2⟧ inventions as they broadcasted audio and visual images. The Internet has changed the situation dramatically. Now the audience has an opportunity to create the news, share their ⟦3⟧ knowledge and express their opinions. The Internet supposes interaction, which makes it very ⟦4⟧ to people. And what about the newspapers? Will they ⟦5⟧ in the near future? I wish they wouldn’t as I like starting my day with a cup of coffee and a ⟦6⟧ newspaper.", gaps:[{ base:"INFORM", answer:"information", alts:[] }, { base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"PERSON", answer:"personal", alts:[] }, { base:"ATTRACT", answer:"attractive", alts:[] }, { base:"APPEAR", answer:"disappear", alts:[] }, { base:"TRADITION", answer:"traditional", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_89AF9C", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Early in her reign, Queen Victoria and her husband, Prince Albert, had a plan to hold a great world-wide exhibition of modern art and design. Sir Joseph Paxton, a botanist and landscape ⟦1⟧ , won the competition to create the central exhibition hall. The ⟦2⟧ he produced is still admired by architects today. Although at that time many thought it was ⟦3⟧ to realize such a project. In 1851, Paxton constructed his Crystal Palace – an ⟦4⟧ glass and iron pavilion, over a third of a mile long, with 800,000 square feet of floor space. The construction was an ultramodern iron frame with glass panels. The exhibition was very ⟦5⟧ – it drew over six million visitors. ⟦6⟧ , it was taken apart in 1854.", gaps:[{ base:"DESIGN", answer:"designer", alts:[] }, { base:"BUILD", answer:"building", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }, { base:"AMAZE", answer:"amazing", alts:[] }, { base:"SUCCESS", answer:"successful", alts:[] }, { base:"UNFORTUNATE", answer:"Unfortunately", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_8AF149", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"What do you think is the most stressful and ⟦1⟧ job in Britain? Is it a police officer, a detective or a news ⟦2⟧ ? Well, statistics say it is a London taxi driver. It is a ⟦3⟧ hard job as traffic is getting worse. If we sit in a traffic jam for a few minutes, we start feeling ⟦4⟧ and irritated. But imagine you had to do that every day as your job! And you have to remain ⟦5⟧ and attentive in spite of everything. London taxi drivers have to have a good memory to be able to take a ⟦6⟧ from A to B without looking at the map or asking for directions.", gaps:[{ base:"DANGER", answer:"dangerous", alts:[] }, { base:"REPORT", answer:"reporter", alts:[] }, { base:"REAL", answer:"really", alts:[] }, { base:"NERVE", answer:"nervous", alts:[] }, { base:"CARE", answer:"careful", alts:[] }, { base:"TRAVEL", answer:"traveller", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_8E02AF", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"I’ve worked in an office for many years. It’s a very ⟦1⟧ job and recently I’ve taken up a new hobby - gardening. My grandmother was a very good ⟦2⟧ . She never did gardening as a job but for pleasure and ⟦3⟧ . She had the so-called green fingers - the flowers and fruit trees she planted grew very ⟦4⟧ . I wish I were as skillful as she was. It’s a pity my family does not share my interest. My children ⟦5⟧ working outdoors. They prefer using the computer indoors. I don’t argue with them. Arguing and quarrelling makes me feel ⟦6⟧ and unhappy but cannot change the situation. I hope one day they will join me in the garden.", gaps:[{ base:"STRESS", answer:"stressful", alts:[] }, { base:"GARDEN", answer:"gardener", alts:[] }, { base:"ENTERTAIN", answer:"entertainment", alts:[] }, { base:"QUICK", answer:"quickly", alts:[] }, { base:"LIKE", answer:"dislike", alts:[] }, { base:"NERVE", answer:"nervous", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_918CD5", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Most graffiti street artists are anonymous. However, there are some artists who have become globally ⟦1⟧ . Like the twin brothers from Brazil who call themselves Os Gemeos. They paint everything from small images to huge, ⟦2⟧ pictures of people on buildings. Another celebrity among graffiti artists is Blek le Rat from Paris. He paints pictures of ⟦3⟧ people. In this way he hopes to encourage residents to think ⟦4⟧ about the problems of these people. Another well-known artist is Faith 47 from Cape Town. She paints big bright pictures of people and animals. The works of this ⟦5⟧ can be found on pavements, empty factory buildings, and abandoned cars. It is ⟦6⟧ to predict how street art will develop in the future but we can be sure that it is here to stay!", gaps:[{ base:"FAME", answer:"famous", alts:[] }, { base:"COLOUR", answer:"colourful", alts:[] }, { base:"HOME", answer:"homeless", alts:[] }, { base:"SERIOUS", answer:"seriously", alts:[] }, { base:"PAINT", answer:"painter", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_957761", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Learning languages is important nowadays. It is interesting and ⟦1⟧ . Language skills help people to travel, study, and establish ⟦2⟧ links with colleagues from other countries. Some people say that learning languages is easy but others strongly ⟦3⟧ . They say that learning languages takes a lot of time and they are not happy with their progress anyway. Meanwhile, thereare somestrategies thatcan makeyou a successful language ⟦4⟧ and save your time. The first idea is watching films in the original. If the films are ⟦5⟧ , learning is just fun, not hard work. Online and live ⟦6⟧ with people in the language you are learning also helps a lot.", gaps:[{ base:"USE", answer:"useful", alts:[] }, { base:"PROFESSION", answer:"professional", alts:[] }, { base:"AGREE", answer:"disagree", alts:[] }, { base:"LEARN", answer:"learner", alts:[] }, { base:"INTEREST", answer:"interesting", alts:[] }, { base:"COMMUNICATE", answer:"communication", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_969DA9", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Ballroom dancing in the UK is making a comeback. For the past five years its ⟦1⟧ has grown thanks to the TV show 'Strictly Come Dancing'. In the show a professional ballroom ⟦2⟧ has a celebrity for a partner. They learn different ballroom dances and perform them live on TV. Four judges and the public decide who stays in the ⟦3⟧ and who leaves. The show demonstrates how glamorous ballroom dancing is. The celebrities wear ⟦4⟧ dresses and suits and the show looks very ⟦5⟧ . According to the ratings, the ⟦6⟧ is becoming more and more popular with TV audiences.", gaps:[{ base:"POPULAR", answer:"popularity", alts:[] }, { base:"DANCE", answer:"dancer", alts:[] }, { base:"COMPETE", answer:"competition", alts:[] }, { base:"COLOUR", answer:"colourful", alts:[] }, { base:"IMPRESS", answer:"impressive", alts:[] }, { base:"PERFORM", answer:"performance", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_A2E3C2", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Father's Day in the UK is on the third Sunday in June. We enjoy this day very much and always arrange a ⟦1⟧ at home. Our dad deserves it – he is the most ⟦2⟧ person I’ve ever met. He works as a train ⟦3⟧ and he loves his job, though it takes time and energy. He cannot spend lots of time with us, but when he is at home, we have a ⟦4⟧ time all together. Dad is a very ⟦5⟧ person and often invents new games for us. There are three children in our family and we always prepare a present for our dad together. Last time it was a large, ⟦6⟧ book about the history of trains. The book starts with the invention of the first train and tells the whole story of the railway up to the present day.", gaps:[{ base:"CELEBRATE", answer:"celebration", alts:[] }, { base:"AMAZE", answer:"amazing", alts:[] }, { base:"DRIVE", answer:"driver", alts:[] }, { base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"CREATE", answer:"creative", alts:[] }, { base:"COLOUR", answer:"colourful", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_AB682E", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"In Andorra people live longer than in any other European country. It seems they have discovered the secret of a long and ⟦1⟧ life. People in Andorra stay active and ⟦2⟧ at old age. They attend gyms and public ⟦3⟧ pools for free. Exercise is one reason; the others are clean air and a diet based on vegetables and olive oil. People of all ages in Andorra are cheerful and ⟦4⟧ . They think that life is ⟦5⟧ and they do their best to enjoy it. Andorra is the most ⟦6⟧ country in Europe – they haven’t had a war for 700 years.", gaps:[{ base:"AMAZE", answer:"amazing", alts:[] }, { base:"HEALTH", answer:"healthy", alts:[] }, { base:"SWIM", answer:"swimming", alts:[] }, { base:"FRIEND", answer:"friendly", alts:[] }, { base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"PEACE", answer:"peaceful", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_AF61D5", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Thousands of tourists visit Edinburgh every year. The capital of Scotland is ⟦1⟧ forits history and architecture.It’soneof the ⟦2⟧ centres of the country. The main ⟦3⟧ of the city is Edinburgh Castle. It was built in the 12th century but it still looks magnificent and very ⟦4⟧ . There are many historic monuments in Edinburgh. One of them is an unusual monument to Walter Scott, a well-known ⟦5⟧ . The city streets are usually full of noisy tourists with cameras but if you want a quiet holiday, you can have it too - the beautiful and ⟦6⟧ countryside is just round the corner.", gaps:[{ base:"FAME", answer:"famous", alts:[] }, { base:"CULTURE", answer:"cultural", alts:[] }, { base:"ATTRACT", answer:"attraction", alts:[] }, { base:"IMPRESS", answer:"impressive", alts:[] }, { base:"WRITE", answer:"writer", alts:[] }, { base:"PEACE", answer:"peaceful", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_B58C9C", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"In Moscow, there are approximately 35,000 dogs living on the streets. Some of these ⟦1⟧ animals were born there. Others are just ⟦2⟧ pets that have been abandoned by their owners. For many dogs the city may be a ⟦3⟧ place to live in. However, scientists were surprised to find out how ⟦4⟧ some animals can adapt to urban life. Some dogs have even learnt to use the city’s metro system! We still don't know how the dogs find out when to get off the train. One ⟦5⟧ is that they use their excellent sense of smell to recognise the scents of their favourite destinations. Another idea is that they are able to remember the design of ⟦6⟧ stations and find the station they need.", gaps:[{ base:"HOME", answer:"homeless", alts:[] }, { base:"LUCKY", answer:"unlucky", alts:[] }, { base:"DANGER", answer:"dangerous", alts:[] }, { base:"EASY", answer:"easily", alts:[] }, { base:"SUGGEST", answer:"suggestion", alts:[] }, { base:"FAME", answer:"famous", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_B68C95", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"The best thing about shopping in London is that there really are hundreds of cool shops selling ⟦1⟧ clothes. Only here you can find a wide choice of ⟦2⟧ and unique shops. Sometimes you can buy ⟦3⟧ things there. You can spend a whole day in a shopping centre, have an ⟦4⟧ lunchtime in one of the European or English restaurants, see a new film in the cinema and even enjoy a ⟦5⟧ . But be ⟦6⟧ – London shops are expensive! Don’t leave all your money in the shopping centre.", gaps:[{ base:"FASHION", answer:"fashionable", alts:[] }, { base:"ORIGIN", answer:"original", alts:[] }, { base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"AMAZE", answer:"amazing", alts:[] }, { base:"PERFORM", answer:"performance", alts:[] }, { base:"CARE", answer:"careful", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_BA62B4", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Learning languages is becoming a popular hobby with children and adults. It’s not only interesting but very ⟦1⟧ , too. Foreign languages improve memory and develop ⟦2⟧ . People who are able to speak two or more languages ⟦3⟧ are usually more successful than their monolingual colleagues. They are better in making business and ⟦4⟧ contacts. They are more ⟦5⟧ and they are better in solving conflicts as they are able to accept new ideas and different points of view. Foreign languages make life more ⟦6⟧ and colourful.", gaps:[{ base:"USE", answer:"useful", alts:[] }, { base:"IMAGINE", answer:"imagination", alts:[] }, { base:"FLUENT", answer:"fluently", alts:[] }, { base:"PERSON", answer:"personal", alts:[] }, { base:"CREATE", answer:"creative", alts:[] }, { base:"INTEREST", answer:"interesting", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_C114F9", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Olivia got a camera for her birthday. Her family was going on a trip to Washington D.C. and Olivia wanted to take pictures of the ⟦1⟧ places she would see. The first place where they stopped was a sandy beach. Olivia took pictures of the ocean and the ⟦2⟧ seagulls. The birds seemed to enjoy being photographed, but it was ⟦3⟧ to go too close to them. Olivia had to take pictures from a distance. Next, the family moved on to the centre of Washington D.C. Olivia's heart was beating with ⟦4⟧ . She got great shots of the White House, the Capitol and some other ⟦5⟧ buildings. ⟦6⟧ , it was time to head home. Olivia thought about how her friends would be surprised to see her pictures.", gaps:[{ base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"NOISE", answer:"noisy", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }, { base:"EXCITE", answer:"excitement", alts:[] }, { base:"FAME", answer:"famous", alts:[] }, { base:"FINAL", answer:"Finally", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_C63ECC", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"People in Britain often talk about climate and weather. They usually complain about their ⟦1⟧ weather. However, there are parts of the world where extreme weather causes real dangers to the ⟦2⟧ . Sandstorms, tornadoes and floods ⟦3⟧ cause massive destruction. Lots of people become ⟦4⟧ . To prevent this destruction, it’s important to forecast disasters in advance. Japan is the world ⟦5⟧ in using new technology for this purpose. The Japanese have also worked out an ⟦6⟧ system of informing people: phone companies automatically notify their customers about emergencies and disasters. These warnings are very efficient, and free of charge.", gaps:[{ base:"CHANGE", answer:"changeable", alts:[] }, { base:"POPULATE", answer:"population", alts:[] }, { base:"REGULAR", answer:"regularly", alts:[] }, { base:"HOME", answer:"homeless", alts:[] }, { base:"LEAD", answer:"leader", alts:[] }, { base:"EFFECT", answer:"effective", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_CD1A4C", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"London is famous for its history and its sights. It is also a ⟦1⟧ place for shopaholics. There are lots of different places to go. For example, you can go to Oxford Street. Sometimes it gets too crowded and ⟦2⟧ , especially during the sales. If you don’t like it, go to Covent Garden. There you can have a ⟦3⟧ cup of tea or a cappuccino in a quiet coffee house. You can also watch a street ⟦4⟧ there. Portobello Road is the right place to go if you want to buy unique and ⟦5⟧ things. Shopping in London is always an ⟦6⟧ experience and it’s worth trying.", gaps:[{ base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"NOISE", answer:"noisy", alts:[] }, { base:"LOVE", answer:"lovely", alts:[] }, { base:"PERFORM", answer:"performance", alts:[] }, { base:"USUAL", answer:"unusual", alts:[] }, { base:"EXCITE", answer:"exciting", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_D10CD5", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"They say that pop music is created by and for young people. It often happens this way. A young ⟦1⟧ makes one or two good records at the start of their career. Every year, lots of new stars become ⟦2⟧ but for a short time. And just a year or two later they either ⟦3⟧ or make less interesting records. It is difficult to find musicians who could make great records for a long time. Lots of popular groups from the 1970s, for example, are still better known for the songs they made in their ⟦4⟧ past than for their more recent recordings. Some performers leave the stage but don't lose their ⟦5⟧ . They continue to appear ⟦6⟧ on TV as presenters, or in chat and reality shows.", gaps:[{ base:"SING", answer:"singer", alts:[] }, { base:"FAME", answer:"famous", alts:[] }, { base:"APPEAR", answer:"disappear", alts:[] }, { base:"SUCCESS", answer:"successful", alts:[] }, { base:"POPULAR", answer:"popularity", alts:[] }, { base:"REGULAR", answer:"regularly", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_DE2656", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Last year, I became a volunteer in a charity shop. It was an ⟦1⟧ job for me – I had never been involved with charities. Our shop raised money to provide medical care for anyone suffering from any ⟦2⟧ . The job was not easy but I enjoyed it very much. All my colleagues were very helpful. Their ⟦3⟧ and support meant a lot to me. Andrew, my boss and ⟦4⟧ , was a smart and well-organized person. He kept saying that we had no right to be indifferent or ⟦5⟧ because people’s lives depended on us. Working in the charity shop, I have met some very interesting people and have learnt a lot of practical skills. Volunteering has equipped me with experience which I’m sure will be ⟦6⟧ for my future.", gaps:[{ base:"USUAL", answer:"unusual", alts:[] }, { base:"ILL", answer:"illness", alts:[] }, { base:"FRIEND", answer:"friendship", alts:[] }, { base:"MANAGE", answer:"manager", alts:[] }, { base:"CARE", answer:"careless", alts:[] }, { base:"USE", answer:"useful", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_E88433", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Ray Kurzweil is a very popular figure in the field of science. He is a leading computer ⟦1⟧ who has made lots of predictions about the future of humanity. So far he has written six books about artificial intelligence, and four of them have become ⟦2⟧ best sellers in the USA. Ray strongly believes that soon computer intelligence will be a billion times more ⟦3⟧ than the human brain. However, lots of experts don’t believe it and say that it is absolutely ⟦4⟧ . Kurzweil disagrees with them and says that we are already a human-machine civilization. We already use high level technology to diagnose diseases, provide ⟦5⟧ , and develop new technologies. Kurzweil thinks that by 2030, computers will do more ⟦6⟧ tasks. They will be able to understand ordinary spoken language and show emotions.", gaps:[{ base:"SCIENCE", answer:"scientist", alts:[] }, { base:"NATION", answer:"national", alts:[] }, { base:"POWER", answer:"powerful", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }, { base:"EDUCATE", answer:"education", alts:[] }, { base:"IMPRESS", answer:"impressive", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_EBA080", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"I unexpectedly met my old friend Natalie at a metro station in Paris. I recognised her at once though we hadn’t seen each other for ten years. Now she works as a ⟦1⟧ for Le Figaro newspaper. Our ⟦2⟧ began when we were at school. After school, Natalie left Britain. French was her favourite subject and she went to university in Paris. Now she is a very ⟦3⟧ journalist. Her life is busy and exciting. I was ⟦4⟧ that she managed to find some time for me. Natalie made my visit to Paris ⟦5⟧ . She took me to the most interesting places in the city. In the evening we even watched a performance at The Grand Opera House. It is one of the most ⟦6⟧ opera houses in the world.", gaps:[{ base:"REPORT", answer:"reporter", alts:[] }, { base:"FRIEND", answer:"friendship", alts:[] }, { base:"SUCCES", answer:"successful", alts:[] }, { base:"LUCK", answer:"lucky", alts:[] }, { base:"FORGETTABLE", answer:"unforgettable", alts:[] }, { base:"FAME", answer:"famous", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_F4BF06", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Lots of companies do business online. They sell goods and services, or provide ⟦1⟧ to the general public. Doing business online is less ⟦2⟧ and more convenient than running a traditional business, with offices and lots of employees. Surprisingly enough, there are lots of very young people among online businessmen. In spite of their age, they are quite ⟦3⟧ and professional. For example, Ben Collins started his own online company when he was ⟦4⟧ young. He was only 17. He says, “My business is ⟦5⟧ – we work with people from different countries. In a real office, some people would ⟦6⟧ that someone of my age could be a boss, but when I work online, nobody cares how old I am.”", gaps:[{ base:"INFORM", answer:"information", alts:[] }, { base:"EXPENSE", answer:"expensive", alts:[] }, { base:"SUCCESS", answer:"successful", alts:[] }, { base:"REAL", answer:"really", alts:[] }, { base:"NATIONAL", answer:"international", alts:[] }, { base:"AGREE", answer:"disagree", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_F7A3C2", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Reading is one of the most popular pastimes and books are one of the main sources of knowledge. Everyone knows this but, ⟦1⟧ , there are many young people who don’t like to read. They say it is not cool but I firmly ⟦2⟧ with them. Books have the ability to take you to another world, to wake up your ⟦3⟧ and transport you to places you’ve never been to. Books can be different in size and content. Their stories can be ⟦4⟧ , scary, romantic or funny but above all, books are just ⟦5⟧ . I'm absolutely sure that books by a good ⟦6⟧ will always be popular.", gaps:[{ base:"FORTUNATELY", answer:"unfortunately", alts:[] }, { base:"AGREE", answer:"disagree", alts:[] }, { base:"IMAGINE", answer:"imagination", alts:[] }, { base:"EXCITE", answer:"exciting", alts:[] }, { base:"INTEREST", answer:"interesting", alts:[] }, { base:"WRITE", answer:"writer", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_F84969", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Last year I decided to take an English course in Britain. When I called the language school, the ⟦1⟧ explained to me everything about the school and the courses. They had an ⟦2⟧ range of courses - for all levels and ages. As for the accommodation, there were two options: staying in a student hostel or living with a host family. Naturally enough, I wanted to choose the ⟦3⟧ community of the hostel. ⟦4⟧ my parents strongly disagreed with my choice, I had to stay with the host family. And I didn’t regret it! My host family was ⟦5⟧ . They told me a lot about their country and were very curious about mine. We talked a lot and when I came back home, I could speak English ⟦6⟧ !", gaps:[{ base:"MANAGE", answer:"manager", alts:[] }, { base:"IMPRESS", answer:"impressive", alts:[] }, { base:"NATIONAL", answer:"national", alts:[] }, { base:"FORTUNATELY", answer:"Unfortunately", alts:[] }, { base:"WONDER", answer:"wonderful", alts:[] }, { base:"FLUENT", answer:"fluently", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_FA4CCC", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Axel is a 9-year-old Bulgarian orphan. He was adopted by a ⟦1⟧ western family. His new father works as a ⟦2⟧ in Sweden and he is quite rich. Axel ⟦3⟧ wrote e-mails to the director of the orphanage, Jane Smitova. He told her that he was saving his Christmas and birthday money to help his friends. Axel said that he wanted the money to be spent on presents for his former playmates. Later Jane said “I understood that ⟦4⟧ meant a lot to a small boy but I would never have imagined that Axel could be talking about such an ⟦5⟧ sum of money. It’s so touching and we are going to spend it in a very ⟦6⟧ way.\" The boy saved £6,000.", gaps:[{ base:"WEALTH", answer:"wealthy", alts:[] }, { base:"BANK", answer:"banker", alts:[] }, { base:"REGULAR", answer:"regularly", alts:[] }, { base:"FRIEND", answer:"friendship", alts:[] }, { base:"POSSIBLE", answer:"impossible", alts:[] }, { base:"CARE", answer:"careful", alts:[] }] }, { id:"oge_w_FE9325", type:"word-formation", category:"oge_wf", text:"Shepherd’s pie started as an old English recipe. The pie gained ⟦1⟧ in the Middle Ages. During the reign of Elizabeth I, mince meat pie became a must-have food, probably, because it was easy to cook, ⟦2⟧ and tasty. Until the 16th century potatoes were ⟦3⟧ known as pig food. But later they were accepted as a basic food in Europe. The Shepherd’s pie recipe changed to include potatoes as an ingredient. And the fame of this ⟦4⟧ dish doubled. Now Shepherd’s pie is considered to be a ⟦5⟧ British food but similar recipes can be found in other countries, although they may have different names. In Canada, for example, a ⟦6⟧ in a restaurant would present it to tourists as Chinese pie.", gaps:[{ base:"POPULAR", answer:"popularity", alts:[] }, { base:"HEALTH", answer:"healthy", alts:[] }, { base:"MAIN", answer:"mainly", alts:[] }, { base:"TASTE", answer:"tasty", alts:[] }, { base:"TRADITION", answer:"traditional", alts:[] }, { base:"WAIT", answer:"waiter", alts:[] }] }, ]; // Default `type` on any item that doesn't declare one. // Three task families total: word-formation, grammar, multiple-choice. // Irregular forms are folded into word-formation (same shape: transform a cue word). const CATEGORY_TO_DEFAULT_TYPE = { oge_gr: "grammar", oge_wf: "word-formation", t1: "word-formation", t2: "word-formation", t3: "word-formation", t4: "word-formation", t5: "word-formation", wlf_wf: "word-formation", irr_wf: "word-formation", wlf_gr: "grammar", mc_ru: "multiple-choice", mc_wlf: "multiple-choice", tr_wf: "word-formation", tr_gr: "grammar", tr_mc: "multiple-choice", irr2_wf: "word-formation", vp_gr: "grammar", wb_wf: "word-formation", wb_gr: "grammar", wb_mc: "multiple-choice", ut_wf: "word-formation", ut_gr: "grammar", ut_mc: "multiple-choice", modA_gr: "grammar", sfx_wf: "word-formation", wm5_wf: "word-formation", ru_wf: "word-formation", g5_gr: "grammar", ru_gr: "grammar", wm5_mc: "multiple-choice", li_wf: "word-formation", li_gr: "grammar", li_mc: "multiple-choice", rc_wf: "word-formation", rc_gr: "grammar", neg_wf: "word-formation", sg_wf: "word-formation", sg_gr: "grammar", sg_mc: "multiple-choice", cp_mc: "multiple-choice", lc_mc: "multiple-choice", hsg_wf: "word-formation", hsg_gr: "grammar", hsg_mc: "multiple-choice", }; for (const it of ITEMS) { if (!it.type) it.type = CATEGORY_TO_DEFAULT_TYPE[it.category] || "word-formation"; if (!it.alts) it.alts = []; } // Category labels & their task-family grouping. The Tests screen no longer // surfaces categories individually — it shows one card per family — but the // per-category metadata is still useful for the practice rail and stats. const CATEGORY_META = { oge_gr: { label: "ОГЭ — Grammar", blurb: "Verb forms, comparatives, plurals, pronouns & more", family: "grammar", exam: "oge" }, oge_wf: { label: "ОГЭ — Word Formation", blurb: "Suffixes, prefixes & derivations from the CAPITAL word", family: "word-formation", exam: "oge" }, t1: { label: "Test 1 — Sound-Alike Suffixes", blurb: "-ent / -ant · -ence / -ance", family: "word-formation" }, t2: { label: "Test 2 — Noun-Forming Suffixes", blurb: "-tion / -sion / -cian · -ity / -ety · -acy", family: "word-formation" }, t3: { label: "Test 3 — Adjective & Place Suffixes", blurb: "-able / -ible · -ery / -ary", family: "word-formation" }, t4: { label: "Test 4 — Verb-Forming & Suffix-Altered", blurb: "-ise / -ize · -ify · -ful · -ly", family: "word-formation" }, t5: { label: "Test 5 — Doubling, Dropping & Hard Cases", blurb: "-ing / -ed / -er · hard exceptions", family: "word-formation" }, wlf_wf: { label: "EGE Wildlife — Word Formation (25–29)", blurb: "bears · Baikal · Amur leopard · Arctic", family: "word-formation" }, irr_wf: { label: "Irregular Word Formation", blurb: "strong → strength, choose → choice, etc.", family: "word-formation" }, wlf_gr: { label: "EGE Wildlife — Grammar (19–24)", blurb: "tenses · passives · comparatives · plurals", family: "grammar" }, mc_ru: { label: "EGE Russia — Multiple Choice (30–36)", blurb: "history · geography · samovar · Korolev", family: "multiple-choice" }, mc_wlf: { label: "EGE Wildlife — Multiple Choice (30–36)", blurb: "bears · Baikal · Amur leopard · Arctic", family: "multiple-choice" }, tr_wf: { label: "Travel & Transport — Word Formation", blurb: "EGE sets 1–7 · derivations", family: "word-formation" }, tr_gr: { label: "Travel & Transport — Grammar", blurb: "EGE sets 1–7 · transformations (19–24)", family: "grammar" }, tr_mc: { label: "Travel & Transport — Multiple Choice", blurb: "EGE sets 1–7 · lexical choice (30–36)", family: "multiple-choice" }, irr2_wf: { label: "Irregular Word Formation — Practice", blurb: "strength · analysis · breadth · depth (Ex 1–5)", family: "word-formation" }, vp_gr: { label: "Tricky Verb Pairs — Forms", blurb: "lie/lay · rise/raise · sit/set · shine", family: "grammar" }, wb_wf: { label: "Unit 2 Workbook — Word Formation", blurb: "Block 5 + Mini-EGE (25–29)", family: "word-formation" }, wb_gr: { label: "Unit 2 Workbook — Grammar", blurb: "Mini-EGE 19–24 + prepositions", family: "grammar" }, wb_mc: { label: "Unit 2 Workbook — Multiple Choice", blurb: "Mini-EGE 30–36", family: "multiple-choice" }, ut_wf: { label: "Unit Tests 1–5 — Word Formation", blurb: "noun suffixes · negative prefixes", family: "word-formation" }, ut_gr: { label: "Unit Tests 1–5 — Grammar", blurb: "tenses · relatives · comparatives · prepositions", family: "grammar" }, ut_mc: { label: "Unit Tests 1–5 — Multiple Choice", blurb: "articles · vocab · much/many · present perfect", family: "multiple-choice" }, modA_gr: { label: "Module A — Grammar (Tenses)", blurb: "present & past · stative · used to / would", family: "grammar" }, sfx_wf: { label: "Suffix Spelling — 5 Tests", blurb: "sound-alike · noun · -able/-ible · verb · doubling", family: "word-formation" }, wm5_wf: { label: "WF & Lexis Sets — Word Formation", blurb: "25–29 · 5 sets", family: "word-formation" }, ru_wf: { label: "EGE Russia — Word Formation", blurb: "25–29 · history · geography · inventions", family: "word-formation" }, g5_gr: { label: "Grammar Sets — Tenses & Participles", blurb: "19–24 · 5 sets", family: "grammar" }, ru_gr: { label: "EGE Russia — Grammar", blurb: "19–24 · Kulikovo · Baikal · Mendeleev", family: "grammar" }, wm5_mc: { label: "WF & Lexis Sets — Lexical Choice", blurb: "30–36 · 4 options · 5 sets", family: "multiple-choice" }, li_wf: { label: "EGE Litera — Word Formation", blurb: "25–29 · Lermontov · Tolstoy · Turgenev · Bulgakov", family: "word-formation" }, li_gr: { label: "EGE Litera — Grammar", blurb: "19–24 · Pushkin · Gogol · Dostoevsky · Chekhov", family: "grammar" }, li_mc: { label: "EGE Litera — Lexical Choice", blurb: "30–36 · 4 options · Akhmatova · Mayakovsky · Sholokhov · Solzhenitsyn", family: "multiple-choice" }, rc_wf: { label: "EGE Russian Culture — Word Formation", blurb: "25–29 · national parks · writers · composers · painters", family: "word-formation" }, rc_gr: { label: "EGE Russian Culture — Grammar", blurb: "19–24 · Baikal · Tchaikovsky · Dostoevsky · Repin", family: "grammar" }, neg_wf: { label: "Negative Prefixes — Comprehensive Test", blurb: "92 items · un/in/im/il/ir · dis/mis/de/non/anti/counter", family: "word-formation" }, sg_wf: { label: "EGE Sets 1–8 — Word Formation", blurb: "25–29 · Grammar & Vocabulary sets", family: "word-formation" }, sg_gr: { label: "EGE Sets 1–8 — Grammar", blurb: "19–24 · Grammar & Vocabulary sets", family: "grammar" }, sg_mc: { label: "EGE Sets 1–8 — Lexical Choice", blurb: "30–36 · 4 options · phrasal verbs", family: "multiple-choice" }, cp_mc: { label: "Collocations & Phrasal Verbs", blurb: "5 tasks · 4 options · B2–C1", family: "multiple-choice" }, lc_mc: { label: "Lexical Choice — 5 Tasks", blurb: "30–36 · 4 options · phrasal & confusables", family: "multiple-choice" }, hsg_gr: { label: "Hobbies, Sport & Games — Grammar", blurb: "19–24 · Use of English · 3 sets", family: "grammar" }, hsg_wf: { label: "Hobbies, Sport & Games — Word Formation", blurb: "25–29 · Use of English · 3 sets", family: "word-formation" }, hsg_mc: { label: "Hobbies, Sport & Games — Lexical Choice", blurb: "30–36 · 4 options · 3 sets", family: "multiple-choice" }, }; // Family metadata — three families, surfaced one card each on the Tests screen. const FAMILY_META = { "word-formation": { label: "Word Formation", blurb: "Transform the CAPITAL word to fit the sentence — suffixes, derivations, and irregular forms." }, "grammar": { label: "Grammar", blurb: "Rewrite the cue word into the required form — tense, plural, comparative." }, "multiple-choice": { label: "Multiple Choice", blurb: "Pick the option that fits the blank." }, }; const FAMILY_ORDER = ["word-formation", "grammar", "multiple-choice"]; window.VOCAB = ITEMS; window.CATEGORY_META = CATEGORY_META; window.FAMILY_META = FAMILY_META; window.FAMILY_ORDER = FAMILY_ORDER; // Each category is tagged with its exam (default "ege"). OGE and EGE have // entirely separate content — returns the category ids for the given exam. function examCategories(mode) { const want = mode === "oge" ? "oge" : "ege"; return Object.keys(CATEGORY_META).filter(id => (CATEGORY_META[id].exam || "ege") === want); } window.examCategories = examCategories;